Immunological changes in different patient populations with chronic hepatitis C virus infection

Abstract

Our study demonstrated a complex dysregulation of activating and inhibitory receptor expression, such as decreased NKG2D and CD160 activating receptor expression and increased KIR2DL3 inhibitory receptor expression by NK and cytotoxic T cells and may provide further mechanism contributing to defective cellular immune functions in chronic hepatitis C. Increased NKG2D receptor expression in HCV patients with persistently normal ALT suggests an important pathway for sustaining NK and CD8 T cell function and a protective role against disease progression.

Prediction of recurrence following hepatectomy in patients with hepatitis C virus infection‐related hepatocellular carcinoma who achieved a sustained virological response

“…delayed HCC occurrence after achieving a SVR may not be HCV infection‐related). Third, HCV‐sensitized immune cells, which can suppress HCC recurrence, may deactivate over time following the achievement of a SVR . Future basic and clinical research studies will need to be conducted to examine these possibilities further.…”

“…The 5-year recurrence-free survival rate of patients with an interval of 30 or less versus more than 30 months was 48.0% and 18.0%, respectively. 31 Future basic and clinical research studies will need to be conducted to examine these possibilities further. Previous studies reported that the 5-year cumulative rates of HCC development were 1.3-4.7% in patients who exhibited successful eradication of the HCV after IFN-based therapy.…”

The evaluation of killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor gene polymorphism in glioblastoma patients

“…In the present study, we demonstrated that patients with glioblastoma had increased levels of KIR2DL3. In the literature, this gene is associated with clinical conditions including HIV infection, trachoma, SLE, and hepatitis C virus infection (13,17,27,30). Ma et al evaluated 24 patients diagnosed with SLE and found that the number of KIR2DL3 (+) NK cells was negatively correlated with SLE Disease Activity Index Scores at 4 weeks post-treatment (17).…”

“…Ma et al evaluated 24 patients diagnosed with SLE and found that the number of KIR2DL3 (+) NK cells was negatively correlated with SLE Disease Activity Index Scores at 4 weeks post-treatment (17). In another study, increased KIR2DL3 inhibitory receptor expression by NK and cytotoxic T cells in patients with chronic hepatitis C were associated with cellular immune defects (30). Roberts et al indicated that high levels of KIR2DL2 and KIR2DL3 increased the risk of conjunctival scarring in patients with trachoma (27).…”

A hepatitis C-vírus (HCV) három évtizede a felfedezéstől a globális elimináció lehetőségéig: a transzlációs kutatás sikere

“…A T-sejteken a cytotoxicus T-lymphocyta-asszociált antigén-4 (CTLA4), a T-sejt-immunglobulin-mucin-(TIM-) és a programozott sejthalál-1 (PD1) inhibitoros "immune checkpoint" receptorok upregulációja, valamint a CD127-es receptor alacsony expressziója észlelhető [18]. A természetes ölő (NK)-sejtek inhibitoros/aktivációs receptorai expresszióját és cytotoxicus aktivitását vizsgálva Szereday és munkatársaival kimutattuk, hogy HCV-infekcióban az NK-sejtek inhibitoros KIR2DL3-és NKG2Creceptor-expressziója fokozott, míg a CD160, NKG2D és KIR3DL1 aktivációs receptoroké csökkent [21].…”