Immunological aspects related to diseases incident in dental practice: Literature review

Abstract

The microbiome of the human body is home to an extensive community of microorganisms that interact with the immunologically competent host, and may even favor its physiological actions. However, these microbial colonies have potential for harmfulness, including that present in the oral cavity, being able to express themselves intensely in cases of momentary or chronic misadjustment of the human defense system. The diseases with the highest incidence in the oral cavity, periodontitis and dental caries, are pathological processes with microbial involvement and have in the patient’s immune system a great combatant to its development, either as a preventive barrier or with direct actions of defensive response. Both pathological conditions were pointed out in this article, extolling the need for the dentist to observe the immunological aspects of impact on oral health. A bibliographic survey was conducted delimited by the theme- the immunological aspects that impact dental practice, through the databases of the digital platforms Google Academic and PubMed; for the realization of this literature review. Based on the scientific notes raised by this work, we suggest the perspective that; the analysis of immunological aspects associated with the proposed dental diagnoses and treatments may offer a complementation of arguments and approaches that could be much more assertive and effective in the clinical routine.