Immunological Analysis in Paediatric HIV Patients at Different Stages of the Disease

Yu, Lunyin; Dellanegra, M.; Rutz, R.; Ferriani, Virgínia P.; Vasconcelos, Dewton de Moraes; Duarte, Andressa; Kirschfink, Michael; Grumach, Anete Sevciovic

doi:10.1111/j.0300-9475.2004.01492.x

Cited by 10 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…These patients also had lower CD4+ lymphocyte counts at the beginning of HAART and during audiologic evaluation. Impairment of the immune system due to the high rate of viral replication increases the risk of complications due to opportunistic microorganisms in different organs, including the ear [18,43,44]. These findings suggest that HIV-1-infected children might show early HL, and perhaps other audiologic abnormalities, which may be secondary to the direct effect of HIV or to other opportunistic infections on the auditory system.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

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Audiologic and vestibular findings in a sample of Human Immunodeficiency Virus type-1-infected Mexican children under Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy

Palacios

Montalvo

Fraire

et al. 2008

International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…A number of studies have demonstrated that children with perinatally acquired HIV-1 infections start to have symptoms earlier than adult patients [18,43,44], and usually have higher VLs [15,18,20,43]. The VL at the initiation of HAART and at the time of audiologic evaluation was higher in patients with HL.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Audiologic and vestibular findings in a sample of Human Immunodeficiency Virus type-1-infected Mexican children under Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy

Palacios

Montalvo

Fraire

et al. 2008

International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology

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“…Low serum level haplotypes of the −550 and −221 SNPs were associated with low CD4 + T-cell counts, higher viral loads [ 75 ] and accelerated disease progression [ 72 ]. In contrast, some studies found no association between variant alleles and susceptibility to HIV-1 infection [ 76 ] and disease progression [ 77 , 78 ]. Although MBL levels do not change throughout HIV-1 disease progression, MBL serum levels are elevated in HIV-1-infected patients and are correlated with good response to highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) [ 41 , 79 ].…”

Section: Mannose-binding Lectin (Mbl)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Human Lectins and Their Roles in Viral Infections

Mason

Tarr

2015

Molecules

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Innate recognition of virus proteins is an important component of the immune response to viral pathogens. A component of this immune recognition is the family of lectins; pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) that recognise viral pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) including viral glycoproteins. In this review we discuss the contribution of soluble and membrane-associated PRRs to immunity against virus pathogens, and the potential role of these molecules in facilitating virus replication. These processes are illustrated with examples of viruses including human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis C virus (HCV) and Ebola virus (EBOV). We focus on the structure, function and genetics of the well-characterised C-type lectin mannose-binding lectin, the ficolins, and the membrane-bound CD209 proteins expressed on dendritic cells. The potential for lectin-based antiviral therapies is also discussed.

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“…However, we think it is unlikely, since the samples from all the HIV-positive subgroups were stored and handled similarly. Interestingly, HIV infection has been associated with disease severity-dependent activation of the complement pathway (23,24), providing a plausible explanation for the reduced complement activity in our plasma samples from the viremic controllers and untreated chronic progressors.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 75%

Effect of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection on Plasma Bactericidal Activity against Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhimurium

Trebicka

Shanmugam

Mikhailova

et al. 2014

Clin Vaccine Immunol

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b Individuals with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection have increased susceptibility to invasive disease caused by Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium. Studies from Africa have suggested that this susceptibility is related in part to the development of a high level of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-specific IgG that is able to inhibit the killing of S. Typhimurium by bactericidal antibodies in healthy individuals. To explore this issue further, we examined the bactericidal activity against S. Typhimurium using serum and plasma samples from healthy controls and various clinical subgroups of HIV-infected adults in the United States. We found that the bactericidal activity in the samples from HIV-positive elite controllers was comparable to that from healthy individuals, whereas it was significantly reduced in HIV-positive viremic controllers and untreated chronic progressors. As demonstrated previously for healthy controls, the bactericidal activity of the plasma from the elite controllers was inhibited by preincubation with S. Typhimurium LPS, suggesting that it was mediated by anti-LPS antibodies. S. Typhimurium LPS-specific IgG was significantly reduced in all subgroups of HIV-infected individuals. Interestingly, and in contrast to the healthy controls, plasma from all HIV-positive subgroups inhibited in vitro killing of S. Typhimurium by plasma from a healthy individual. Our results, together with the findings from Africa, suggest that multiple mechanisms may be involved in the HIV-induced dysregulation of humoral immunity to S. Typhimurium.

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Immunological Analysis in Paediatric HIV Patients at Different Stages of the Disease

Abstract: There are only few clinical studies on complement in well

Cited by 10 publications

References 45 publications

Audiologic and vestibular findings in a sample of Human Immunodeficiency Virus type-1-infected Mexican children under Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy

Audiologic and vestibular findings in a sample of Human Immunodeficiency Virus type-1-infected Mexican children under Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy

Human Lectins and Their Roles in Viral Infections

Effect of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection on Plasma Bactericidal Activity against Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhimurium

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