Immunological activities of milk

Newby, T.J.; Stokes, Christopher; Bourne, F.J.

doi:10.1016/0165-2427(82)90032-0

Cited by 53 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 107 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Protective antibodies fed by colostrum are important for calf to challenge infections acquired shortly after birth. Studies point towards optimal protection of the calf by the maximum uptake of dominantly IgG1 antibodies during the first hours of the calves life in case the cow nurses her calf, compared to using other methods of administration of milk that require much higher quantities for a similar protection (Newby et al 1982;Besser et al 1991;Le Jan 1996). If a calf is instantly removed after birth, logically denying feeding directly from its mother, the calf may handle the first infection less successfully than if it was allowed natural feeding.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Herd factors influencing oocyst production of Eimeria and Cryptosporidium in Estonian dairy cattle

2009

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Cryptosporidium and Eimeria are intestinal parasites which are sensitive to the surroundings, behaviour and well-being of their host. In the present study, a range of factors related to farm management systems, environment, housing and herd characteristics were investigated with regard to alterations in oocyst excretion in cattle, using a mixed-effects model. Information and samples for three age categories were obtained from 45 Estonian dairy farms, located in 15 counties. Leaving the calf with the mother after birth reduced the risk of shedding higher levels of Cryptosporidium (OR = 0.20) and Eimeria (OR = 0.68) oocysts in all animals. The calves younger than 3 months kept on farms housing at least 150 animals had less risk (OR = 0.39) of producing higher numbers of Cryptosporidium oocysts. A somewhat lower infection level was observed in 3- to 12-month-old animals housed in separate buildings (OR = 0.64). The chance of shedding higher levels of Eimeria doubled (OR = 2.27) in cattle older than a year in case a vacancy period was used before replacing animals in pens and tripled (OR = 2.94) when the relative humidity exceeded 75% in the cowshed. Winter reduced the odds (OR = 0.25) of shedding Eimeria oocysts in the oldest animals compared to the fall season. Simple changes in handling and housing of cattle may produce a positive effect on controlling coccidian infections in Estonian dairy herds.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Herd factors influencing oocyst production of Eimeria and Cryptosporidium in Estonian dairy cattle

2009

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Besides, porcine immunoglobulins G are not transmitted transplacentally but are delivered via the colostrum. In further studies it may be useful to evaluate the level of antibodies in the colostrum where they are 3 to 10 times more concentrated than in sow sera [17]. Maternal antibodies may passively protect piglets during the first weeks but these antibodies decrease after a few weeks.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of a complete ELISA using Salmonella lipopolysaccharides of various serogroups allowing to detect all infected pigs

Proux¹,

Houdayer²,

Humbert³

et al. 2000

Vet. Res.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

-Although poultry is recognized as the major source of food-poisoning caused by Salmonella, pork also contributes to human infections. This study was therefore undertaken in order to develop a reliable serological method for the evaluation of the Salmonella status of piglets. A complete ELISA was performed using lipopolysaccharides of Salmonella Typhimurium, Anatum, Hadar and Infantis because these serovars were representative of the serogroups isolated from 30 contaminated fattening farms. S. Enteritidis was also added because of its importance in human infection and to include the O : 9 antigen. This method potentially detects 100% of infected pigs. A significant correlation was found between this serological method and the bacteriological data from mesenteric lymph nodes (p = 0.01). In addition, both sensitivity and specificity were high (97% and 94% respectively). The ELISA test was therefore used in a cross-sectional study on 4 farms to evaluate when pigs became contaminated: seropositive pigs were only found for the 20 week old finishing pigs. The antibody response to Salmonella in piglets was also investigated: maternal antibodies persisted until 7 weeks of age and post-Salmonella contamination seroconversion was detected from 8 weeks of age onwards.ELISA / Salmonella / pig / epidemiology Résumé -Mise au point d'une méthode ELISA complète basée sur des lipopolysaccharides de plusieurs sérogroupes permettant de détecter tous les porcs infectés par des salmonelles. Bien que la volaille soit la principale source d'intoxication alimentaire par les salmonelles, le porc contribue aussi à la contamination humaine. Cette étude a été menée pour mettre au point une technique sérologique permettant d'évaluer le statut infectieux des porcelets vis-à-vis des salmonelles. Une technique ELISA dite complète a été élaborée avec des lipopolysaccharides de Salmonella Typhimurium, Anatum, Hadar et Infantis, sérovars représentatifs des sérogroupes isolés dans 30 élevages engraisseurs contaminés. S. Enteritidis a été ajoutée en raison de son importance dans les infections humaines et afin d'inclure l'antigène O : 9. Cette méthode permet de dépister potentiellement 100 % Vet. Res. 31 (2000) [481][482][483][484][485][486][487][488][489][490] 481

show abstract

“…The nutritional benefits of bovine milk and milk‐related products have been acknowledged and used, arguably, for centuries. In contrast, the potential of dairy products to directly affect physiological function has only recently been studied in detail 1 . Research of this sort has benefited from controlled in vitro studies of mammalian cells, which seek to characterize the potential for the product in question to modulate physiological function at the cellular level.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modulation of immune function by a modified bovine whey protein concentrate

Cross

Gill

1999

Immunol Cell Biol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

SummaryThe commercial preparation of dairy foodstuffs generates large volumes of by-products, many of which have as yet undocumented effects on mammalian immune function. In the present report, a modified whey protein concentrate (mWPC), derived as a by-product from the commercial manufacture of cheese, was tested for its ability to modulate murine immune function in vitro. The mWPC suppressed T and B lymphocyte proliferative responses to mitogens in a dose-dependent fashion. The mWPC also suppressed alloantigen-induced lymphocyte proliferation during a mixed leucocyte reaction, but showed no suppressive effect against IL-2-sustained proliferation of mitogen-activated T cell blasts. Other indices of lymphocyte activation, such as cytokine secretion and the formation of activated (CD25 + ) T cell blasts, were suppressed by the mWPC, suggesting that the mode of suppression may be to inhibit the lymphocyte activation process. Enzymatic digestion by pepsin and pancreatin, under physiologically realistic conditions in vitro, ablated the immunomodulatory function of the mWPC. These results are discussed in relation to the potential development of complex-mixture dairy products into health-modulating products.

show abstract

Immunological activities of milk

Cited by 53 publications

References 107 publications

Herd factors influencing oocyst production of Eimeria and Cryptosporidium in Estonian dairy cattle

Herd factors influencing oocyst production of Eimeria and Cryptosporidium in Estonian dairy cattle

Development of a complete ELISA using Salmonella lipopolysaccharides of various serogroups allowing to detect all infected pigs

Modulation of immune function by a modified bovine whey protein concentrate

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About