Immunological abnormalities in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected asymptomatic homosexual men. HIV affects the immune system before CD4+ T helper cell depletion occurs.

Miedema, Frank; Petit, Agnès; Terpstra, Fokke G.; Schattenkerk, J. K. M. Eeftinck; Wolf, Frank de; Al, B. J. M.; Roos, M. T. L.; Lange, Joep M. A.; Danner, Sven A.; Goudsmit, Jaap

doi:10.1172/jci113809

Cited by 416 publications

(187 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…Functionally defective monocytes have been described in HIV-1-infected individuals for many years (Miedema et al, 1988). Monocyte/macrophage functions that are essential for adequate innate and adaptive responses to pathogens, such as antigen presentation, intracellular pathogen killing or phagocytosis, are affected by HIV-1 infection (Biggs et al, 1995;Kumar et al, 1999;Polyak et al, 1997;Yoo et al, 1996); revewed in (Kedzierska et al, 2003a).…”

Section: Functional Defects In Hiv-1-infected Macrophagesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Macrophages and HIV-1: dangerous liaisons

Verani¹,

Gras

Pancino

2005

Molecular Immunology

101

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Section: Functional Defects In Hiv-1-infected Macrophagesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Macrophages and HIV-1: dangerous liaisons

Verani¹,

Gras

Pancino

2005

Molecular Immunology

101

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“…Apart from the decline in CD4 + T cells [1,2] and expansion of CD8 T cells [3][4][5] it has already long been recognized that early in the asymptomatic stage, when CD4 T cell numbers are still in the normal range, functional defects of both CD4 and CD8 T cells are present in HIV-1-infected individuals [6][7][8][9]. Several groups reported that early in HIV-1 infection, proliferation to soluble CD3 MoAbs or pokeweed mitogen (PWM) is impaired, while responses to phytohaemagglutinin (PHA) are unaffected [10][11][12][13]. Shearer et al [7] demonstrated a progressive loss of T cell reactivity first in response to recall antigens presented by autologous MHC (self-MHC) molecules followed by decreased responses to allo-antigens and finally to PHA.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low T cell reactivity to combined CD3 plus CD28 stimulation is predictive for progression to AIDS: correlation with decreased CD28 expression

Roos

Miedema

Meinesz

et al. 1996

Clinical and Experimental Immunology

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SUMMARYIn 219 HIV-1-infected men of the Amsterdam cohort we measured CD4 T cell numbers and in vitro T cell responses to CD3 MoAbs with or without CD28 costimulation and phytohaemagglutinin (PHA). The value of these markers was estimated for disease progression within 4 years. CD28 expression on T cells has been related to T cell responses. CD28 costimulation considerably enhanced T cell reactivity ( 8-10-fold) with lower coefficients of variation compared with reactivity to CD3 MoAb alone (median 5 versus 20). T cell reactivity to CD3 plus CD28 MoAb was decreased during HIV-1 infection and was besides CD4 T cell numbers the only independent predictor for progression to AIDS. Compared with the group with high CD4 T cell numbers the relative risk (RR) for the group with intermediate levels was 2 . 28, with low levels 5 . 20. In the groups with intermediate and low CD3 plus CD28 responses the RR was 2 . 04 and 4 . 16, respectively. The combined RR for both was 4 . 65 and 21 . 63. The independence of this marker was confirmed when the group with low CD4 T cell numbers was subdivided into groups with high, intermediate and low T cell responses. The expansion of CD8 CD28 ÿ T cells was already apparent in HIV ÿ homosexual men, but CD8 CD28 T cells specifically decreased in patients with AIDS. CD28 expression on T cells correlated moderately with T cell responses to CD3 plus CD28 MoAb. T cell reactivity to CD3 MoAb in the presence of CD28 MoAb is a stronger prognostic marker than T cell reactivity to CD3 MoAb alone.

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“…In this context, it is well known that in HIV infection B cell function is severely impaired. Although B cells in HIV infection are spontaneously hyperactive, they also exhibit an intrinsic defect in inducing B cell responses, such as antigen-induced immunoglobulin secretion, at all stages of infection [13].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Presence of glomerular basement membrane (GBM) antibodies in HIV− patients with Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia

Calderón

Wichmann²,

Varela³

et al. 1997

Clinical and Experimental Immunology

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SUMMARYFollowing the unexpected finding of antibodies to GBM in a patient with Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in the absence of kidney abnormalities, the presence of anti-GBM antibodies was analysed in 14 patients with pulmonary P. carinii infection who did not have clinical evidence of autoimmune glomerulonephritis. Patients were divided into three groups: HIV ¹ with P. carinii pneumonia (n ¼ 4), HIV + with P. carinii pneumonia (n = 5) and HIV ¹ carriers of P. carinii without pneumonia (n = 5). As control groups, HIV ¹ patients with community-acquired non-P. carinii pneumonia (n = 6) and healthy individuals (n = 16) were included. Anti-GBM antibodies, studied with a quantitative enzyme immunoassay (EIA) for anti-a3 chain of collagen IV antibodies, were detected in three out of the four HIV ¹ patients with P. carinii pneumonia, but not in any individuals of the other categories. These results suggest that P. carinii alveolar injury or the host response to the organism could affect the basal membrane Goodpasture antigen or a similar antigen, and induces anti-GBM antibody production in HIV ¹ patients, and support the hypothesis that, at least in some cases, Goodpasture's syndrome could be triggered by an alveolar lesion induced by a P. carinii pneumonia.

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Immunological abnormalities in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected asymptomatic homosexual men. HIV affects the immune system before CD4+ T helper cell depletion occurs.

Cited by 416 publications

References 42 publications

Macrophages and HIV-1: dangerous liaisons

Macrophages and HIV-1: dangerous liaisons

Low T cell reactivity to combined CD3 plus CD28 stimulation is predictive for progression to AIDS: correlation with decreased CD28 expression

Presence of glomerular basement membrane (GBM) antibodies in HIV− patients with Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia

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