Immunologic Relationship Between Genital Tric, Lymphogranuloma Venereum, and Related Organisms in a New Microtiter Indirect Immunofluorescence Test

Wang, San-Pin; Grayston, J. T.

doi:10.1016/0002-9394(70)90096-6

Cited by 487 publications

(238 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Serovar F is shown as being distinct from either of these complexes. Similarly, in the serological classification of C. trachomatis by micro-IF, serovar F does not belong clearly to either group (Wang & Grayston, 1970).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Nucleotide sequence and taxonomic value of the major outer membrane protein gene of Chlamydia pneumoniae IOL-207

Carter

Al-Mahdawi²,

Giles

et al. 1991

Journal of General Microbiology

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~_ _ _ _Chlumydiupneumoniae IOL-207 genomic DNA was hybridized with a 1.5 kb labelled DNA probe containing the 3' region of the coding sequence for the major outer membrane protein (MOMP) of C. trachomatis Serovar L1. An 8.5 kb BgAI fragment containing the complete MOMP gene was cloned into ilEMBL3. Two hybridizing EcoRI fragments were sub-cloned into the LZAP I1 cloning vector and the resulting plasmids were used as templates for sequencing both strands of the C.pneumoniae MQMP gene. Computer taxonomic studies using the nucleotide and inferred amino acid sequence of the MOMP of C. pneumoniae IOL-207 and all known chlamydial MOMP sequences supported the designation of C. pneumoniae as a new species, but electron microscope studies suggested that the presence of pear-shaped elementary bodies (EBs) may not be a reliable taxonomic criterion.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Nucleotide sequence and taxonomic value of the major outer membrane protein gene of Chlamydia pneumoniae IOL-207

Carter

Al-Mahdawi²,

Giles

et al. 1991

Journal of General Microbiology

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“…The MIF assay of Wang and Grayston (1970) was developed for typing the C. trachomatis strains in serotypes and for seroepidemiological studies. Initially, antigens from elementary bodies of each of the 15 serotypes of C. trachomatis were included in the test, which provided serotype-specific testing.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of Chlamydia trachomatis infection in asymptomatic male partners of infertile couples

Hamdad-Daoudi

Petit

2004

Journal of Medical Microbiology

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Three specimens from 111 asymptomatic male partners of infertile couples attending the Department of Urology in Amiens, France, were examined by the PCR COBAS AMPLICOR test (Roche Molecular Diagnostics) for the presence of Chlamydia trachomatis. The specimens analysed were: first void urine (FVU), urine obtained after prostatic massage (UPM) and semen specimens. Serum from each patient was also obtained and analysed for the presence of IgG and IgA chlamydial antibodies by in-house microimmunofluorescence (MIF) and pELISA. C. trachomatis was detected by PCR in 5 . 4 % of FVU samples, 2 . 7 % of semen specimens and in 0 . 9 % of UPM samples. Two treatments for processing the samples (storage at À70 8C and heating to 95 8C) were routinely used before initial testing to reduce the effects of inhibitors of PCR. Despite these precautions, the PCR method revealed the presence of inhibitors in 7 . 3 % of semen specimens and 3 . 6 % of FVU samples. C. trachomatis was detected by PCR COBAS AMPLICOR in seven of 111 patients (6 . 3 %) and by serology in five of 111 patients (4 . 5 %). The detection of C. trachomatis in FVU, UPM and semen specimens can serve as a marker for the presence of this organism in the genital tract, and can be used as a reliable way of detecting asymptomatic carriers of infection. INTRODUCTIONChlamydia trachomatis is one of the most common sexually transmitted pathogens of humans, with an estimated 92 million new cases occurring worldwide each year (WHO, 2001). The number of cases is probably underestimated, particularly for men, who are less likely to seek diagnosis than women. C. trachomatis often causes asymptomatic genital tract infections in both men and women, and the high number of unrecognized infected individuals provides a reservoir for spreading the infection to men and women via sexual contact.Chlamydial infection in the male urethra can be complicated by inflammation of the epididymis (Stamm et al., 1984) and the prostate gland (Dan et al., 1991), but the role that C. trachomatis infection plays in male infertility is controversial.C. trachomatis can attach to spermatozoa (Hanssen & Mardh, 1984) and can be present in cytoplasmic droplets of spermatozoa (Villegas et al., 1991). Previous studies have found a correlation between genital chlamydial infection and sperm quality (Custo et al., 1989), although other studies have reported contradictory findings (Eggert- Kruse et al., 1996;Gdoura et al., 2001). It is important to resolve this issue, since chlamydiae present in semen could be transmitted by adhering to spermatozoa, which may serve as vectors, spreading the pathogen to the uterus and Fallopian tubes. In fact, studies have reported finding spermatozoa with adhering chlamydial bodies in the peritoneal fluid of women with salpingitis at laparoscopy (Friberg et al., 1987).The presence of C. trachomatis in semen emphasizes the potential risk of this route of transmission, and underlines the need for sensitive direct detection methods in this group of patients (Dieterle et al., 1995).Sc...

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“…[13][14][15] In brief, slides with antigens of C. trachomatis and C. pneumoniae were used. The pre-assigned cut-off of titers of !1/16 in the absence of cross reactivity with C. pneumoniae was considered a positive result.…”

Section: Trachomatis Testingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chlamydia trachomatis infection and persistence of human papillomavirus

Silins

Ryd

Strand

et al. 2005

Intl Journal of Cancer

138

108

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Human papillomavirus (HPV) persistence is the major cause of cervical cancer, but most HPV infections will not persist and risk factors for HPV persistence are not well known. Chlamydia (C.) trachomatis infection seems to also be associated with cervical cancer. We investigated whether C. trachomatis infection is a risk factor for HPV persistence. In a cohort of 12,527 women participating in a population-based HPV screening trial in Sweden, 6,418 women completed testing for HPV DNA by general primer PCR and typing by reverse dot blot hybridization. On average 19 months later, 303 women that had been HPV-positive and had normal cytology at enrollment completed a new HPV test. Environmental exposures were assessed by an 87-item questionnaire. Previous sexually transmitted infections were also investigated by serology. At follow-up, 44% of the women were positive for the same type of HPV DNA as at enrollment. Persistence correlated with length of follow-up (p < 0.01) and condom use seemed to protect against HPV persistence (p < 0.05). The most significant risk factor for persistent presence of HPV DNA was self-reported history of previous C. trachomatis infection (relative risk in multivariate model = 2.09; 95% confidence interval = 1.05-4.18). We conclude that persistence of oncogenic HPV infections is more likely among women with a previous C. trachomatis infection. ' 2005 Wiley-Liss, Inc.Key words: HPV infection; HPV persistence; Chlamydia trachomatis; epidemiology Persistent oncogenic HPV infection is recognized as a necessary factor in development of high grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and invasive cervical cancer. 1 Genital infections with oncogenic HPV types are very common among sexually active women, but only a minority of infected women will have a persistent HPV infection. 2-4 Type-specific persistence of HPV (defined as repeated detectability of the same type of HPV DNA in serial samples) is a much stronger risk factor for high-grade CIN 5 and cervical cancer 6 than HPV infection per se.Chlamydia (C.) trachomatis has been found repeatedly to associate with cervical neoplasia and invasive cancer in cross-sectional case-control studies, 7,8 although the association has commonly been thought to be the result of confounding by HPV. During recent years, an association with C. trachomatis has also been found in several biobank-based longitudinal studies with invasive cervical cancer as endpoint. [9][10][11][12] The vexed question of whether the association could be due to confounding by HPV infection is, however, only possible to address in cohort studies comprising only HPV-infected women.A possible explanation for the association of C. trachomatis and cervical cancer might be that the C. trachomatis-induced inflammation results in an impaired ability to clear HPV infections.To investigate these issues, we carried out a prospective, population-based cohort study restricted to HPV-infected women with HPV persistence as the endpoint. Subjects and methods Study settingA population-based randomized mul...

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Immunologic Relationship Between Genital Tric, Lymphogranuloma Venereum, and Related Organisms in a New Microtiter Indirect Immunofluorescence Test

Cited by 487 publications

References 12 publications

Nucleotide sequence and taxonomic value of the major outer membrane protein gene of Chlamydia pneumoniae IOL-207

Nucleotide sequence and taxonomic value of the major outer membrane protein gene of Chlamydia pneumoniae IOL-207

Assessment of Chlamydia trachomatis infection in asymptomatic male partners of infertile couples

Chlamydia trachomatis infection and persistence of human papillomavirus

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