Immunologic evaluation of patients with polychlorinated biphenyl poisoning: Determination of lymphocyte subpopulations

Chang, Kai Wei; Hsieh, Kue-Hsiung; Lee, Tee-Ping; Tang, Shu-Ying; Tung, Ta‐Cheng

doi:10.1016/0041-008x(81)90007-7

Cited by 76 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Changes in cell surface markers on T cells represent an apparently sensitive biomarker response to the effects of dioxin-like compounds in rodents and primates. Dioxin-like compounds can affect the primary immune response by changing the CD4/CD8 ratio or the ratio of other lymphocyte subpopulations (11,15,19,(38)(39)(40)(41). In the present study we found no associations between T-helper or Tsuppressor cells and the serum PCB/CALUX TEQ levels.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 49%

Immunologic biomarkers in relation to exposure markers of PCBs and dioxins in Flemish adolescents (Belgium).

Heuvel

Koppen

Staessen

et al. 2002

Environ Health Perspect

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In this study, we investigated 17- to 18-year-old boys and girls to determine whether changes in humoral or cellular immunity or respiratory complaints were related to blood serum levels of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and dioxin-like compounds after lifetime exposure in Flanders (Belgium). We obtained blood samples from and administered questionnaires to 200 adolescents recruited from a rural area and two urban suburbs. Physicians recorded medical history and respiratory diseases. We measured immunologic biomarkers such as differential blood cell counts, lymphocyte phenotypes, and serum immunoglobulins. As biomarkers of exposure, we determined the serum concentrations of PCBs (PCB 138, PCB 153, and PCB 180) and dioxin-like compounds [chemical-activated luciferase expression (CALUX) bioassay]. The percentages of eosinophils and natural killer cells in blood were negatively correlated with CALUX toxic equivalents (TEQs) in serum (p = 0.009 and p = 0.05, respectively). Increased serum CALUX TEQs resulted in an increase in serum IgA levels (p = 0.05). Furthermore, levels of specific IgEs (measured by radioallergosorbent tests) of cat dander, house dust mite, and grass pollen were also significantly and negatively associated with the CALUX TEQ, with odds ratios (ORs) equal to 0.63 [95% confidence interval (CI), 0.42-0.96], 0.68 (0.5-0.93), and 0.70 (0.52-0.95), respectively. In addition, reported allergies of the upper airways and past use of antiallergic drugs were negatively associated with CALUX TEQs, with ORs equal to 0.66 (0.47-0.93) and 0.58 (0.39-0.85), respectively. We found a negative association between IgGs and marker PCBs in serum (p = 0.009). This study shows that immunologic measurements and respiratory complaints in adolescents were associated with environmental exposure to polyhalogenated aromatic hydrocarbons (PHAHs). The negative correlation between PHAHs and allergic responses in adolescents suggested that exposure may entail alterations in the immune status.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 49%

Immunologic biomarkers in relation to exposure markers of PCBs and dioxins in Flemish adolescents (Belgium).

Heuvel

Koppen

Staessen

et al. 2002

Environ Health Perspect

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“…In view of this result, some suppression in humoral immunity may be suspected. The concentration of blood immunoglobulins was also studied by Chang et al (19). (phytohemagglutinin) and PWM (pokeweed mitogen) showed some increase, but the response to ConA (Concanavalin A) was not significant (Table 25).…”

Section: Grading Of Disease Severity According To Clinical Signsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical Findings and Immunological Abnormalities in Yu-Cheng Patients

Lu¹,

Wu²

1985

Environmental Health Perspectives

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An outbreak of poisoning caused by ingestion of rice bran oil which was accidentally contaminated with polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) broke out in Taiwan in February 1979. Diagnosis, management, and follow-up of the patients were performed at special clinics, and subjective symptoms and cutaneous changes such as peculiar acneform eruptions and pigmentation were recorded. The patients were divided into six age groups of both essex, and the body surface of the patients was divided into 12 sections according to the nature of skin. The prevalence of each type of cutaneous change was proved statistically by the chi-square test. The examination of the immune system function in the patients at 1 year revealed: decreased concentration of IgM and IgA but not of IgG; decreased percentage of total T-cells, active T-cells, and helper T-cells, normal percentage of B-cells and suppressor T-cells; suppression of delayed type response to recalling antigens; enhancement of lymphocyte spontaneous proliferation; and enhancement of lymphocyte proliferation with PHA, PWM, and PPD stimulation but not ConA. Follow-up studies 3 years later showed decreased blood PCB levels; some improvement of subjective symptoms and cutaneous changes; recovery of skin testing response to PPD; normal percentage of total T-cells and increased percentage of suppressor T-cells; and enhancement of lymphocyte proliferation spontaneously or under the stimulation of various mitogens.

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“…The environmental persistence of these toxins, especially polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), which are ubiquitous and potent immunotoxins, raises serious questions about their effects on human health. Previous studies have demonstrated that exposure to PCBs affects immune system components, mainly T lymphocytes and macrophages, in both human and animal models [2][3][4][5]. A notable feature in PCB-exposed humans, however, is a reduction in the number of circulating neutrophils with a concomitant increase in the number of circulating lymphocytes, monocytes, and eosinophils [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impairment of human neutrophil oxidative burst by polychlorinated biphenyls: inhibition of superoxide dismutase activity

Narayanan

Carter

Ganey

et al. 1998

Journal of Leukocyte Biology

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We report evidence of a novel mechanism by which polychlorinated biphenyls might act as potent inducers of inflammation. Aroclor 1242 (A1242), a polychlorinated biphenyl mixture, and 2,2',4,4'-tetrachlorobiphenyl (PCB47), a constituent of A1242 that produces the same patterns of effects, impaired the oxidative burst of human neutrophils by inhibiting the antioxidant enzyme superoxide dismutase, which converts O 2 ؊ to H 2 O 2 . Pre-incubation of neutrophils with A1242 or PCB47 before stimulation with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate heightened the respiratory burst, producing a significant increase in intracellular O 2 ؊ production along with a significant decrease in H 2 O 2 production compared with unexposed agoniststimulated neutrophils. This was also evident in a physiologically relevant situation in which neutrophils pre-incubated with A1242 were subsequently stimulated with a combination of N-formyl-Lmethionyl-L-leucyl-L-phenylalanine and tumor necrosis factor-␣. Incubation of bovine copper-zinc superoxide dismutase (EC 1.15.1.1) with A1242 or PCB47 in a cell-free system reversed the enzymemediated inhibition of 6-hydroxydopamine autoxidation, indicating that polychlorinated biphenyls inhibited superoxide dismutase activity. Low superoxide dismutase activity in neutrophils leads to imbalances between production of free radicals and antioxidant defense mechanisms, which can in turn induce tissue damage and hasten the onset of neutrophil apoptosis.

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Immunologic evaluation of patients with polychlorinated biphenyl poisoning: Determination of lymphocyte subpopulations

Cited by 76 publications

References 21 publications

Immunologic biomarkers in relation to exposure markers of PCBs and dioxins in Flemish adolescents (Belgium).

Immunologic biomarkers in relation to exposure markers of PCBs and dioxins in Flemish adolescents (Belgium).

Clinical Findings and Immunological Abnormalities in Yu-Cheng Patients

Impairment of human neutrophil oxidative burst by polychlorinated biphenyls: inhibition of superoxide dismutase activity

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