Immunologic characterization of patients with chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis disease

Khalsa, Kiranjit K.; Yang, Qi; Shen, Xiaofei; Pasha, M. Asghar; Celestin, Jocelyn

doi:10.1002/ccr3.1946

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Recently, it has been confirmed that genetic defects of Th17 or its related cytokines can promote the occurrence and development of cutaneous mucosal C. albicans infections such as chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis (CMC) ( 35 ). CMC often appears in patients with profound primary T-cell immunodeficiency.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distinct host immune responses in recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis and vulvovaginal candidiasis

Yang²,

et al. 2022

Front. Immunol.

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Recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis (RVVC) and vulvovaginal candidiasis (RVVC) are one of the most common gynecological infections, primarily caused by Candida species. Although risk factors of RVVC and VVC have been identified in many studies, antifungal immunological mechanisms are still not fully understood. We performed a 1-year prospective study in a local hospital to monitor 98 patients clinically diagnosed with gynecological Candida infection. The results showed that 20.41% (20/98) are with RVVC, and 79.59% (78/98) patients have VVC. C. albicans accounts for 90% and 96.1% of all strains isolated collected from RVVC and VVC patients, respectively. Antifungal susceptibility testing showed no significant difference in Candida species between RVVC and VVC patients. However, the serum levels of IFN-γ, TNF-α, and IL-17F in the RVVC group were significantly lower than those of the VVC group, while IL-4, IL-6, and IL-10 were higher in the RVVC patients than VVC patients. IL-17A and IL-2 levels were comparable between the two groups. Taken together, our results suggest that the host-immune responses, especially Th1/2 immunity, may play important roles in prognosis of RVVC and VVC.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distinct host immune responses in recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis and vulvovaginal candidiasis

Yang²,

et al. 2022

Front. Immunol.

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“…Fungal esophagitis may develop due to achalasia, esophageal cancer, or progressive systemic sclerosis, impairing the esophagus's normal motility. As a result of the creation of small blisters, which burst with time, distinct superficial ulcers may appear on the mucosa in cases of HPV-induced esophagitis [ 28 ]. The host helps the ulcers heal in those with strong immune systems.…”

Section: Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contemporary Insights Into HIV Esophagitis: Pathogenesis, Therapeutic Strategies, and Prognostic Outcomes

Sharma,

Girgis,

Gandhi

et al. 2024

Cureus

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Opportunistic infections caused by various bacteria, viruses, fungi, or parasites can cause esophagitis. The fungus Candida albicans is often believed to be the thief behind this disorder. This condition's distinctive signs include the process of inflammation and the development of esophageal ulcers. The underlying immunodeficiency condition in HIV/AIDS patients, especially those in the late stages of the disease, may lead to severe illness or even death if the lowered immune system can no longer combat common infections. These individuals are, therefore, more at risk of contracting diseases like Candidiasis since they already have weakened immune systems. Furthermore, bacteria and mycobacteria can cause esophagitis in the same way that viruses can. Tobacco use, alcohol drinking, and nutritional deficiency are three additional problems that can lead to an HIV esophagitis infection. Complaints of inability to swallow, suffocating feeling or discomfort behind the breastbone, and painful swallowing are the primary symptoms of the patients. White plaques or ulcers observed in the esophagus during an endoscopy can be biopsied for further examination. The presence of C. albicans hyphae and inflammatory infiltrates in these samples confirms the diagnosis of HIV-associated esophagitis. Treatment involves the use of antifungal medications and addressing any underlying causes of esophagitis, which is linked to AIDS. For superficial to moderate infections, fluconazole is typically used first. If the disease is severe or recurs after treatment, intravenous amphotericin B may be necessary. Patients with recurring oral symptoms of HIV esophagitis might also need to take antifungal drugs as a preventative measure.

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Landscape of in situ cytokine expression, soluble C-type lectin receptors, and vitamin D in patients with recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis

Consuegra-Asprilla,

Chaverra-Osorio,

Torres

et al. 2024

Medical Mycology

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The immunopathogenesis of recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis (RVVC) is poorly understood. Recently, it was reported that patients with RVVC present a decrease in both the fungicidal capacity of neutrophils and the proliferative capability of peripheral blood mononuclear cells in response to Candida albicans infection, suggesting an alteration in the innate and adaptive immune response. The aim of this study was to determine the in-situ expression, in the vaginal mucosa, of genes associated with the immune response, as well as the serum concentrations of dectin-1, mannose-binding lectin (MBL), and vitamin D in patients with RVVC. A study was carried out on 40 patients with a diagnosis of RVVC and 26 healthy women. Vaginal scrapings were obtained, and the expression of genes that encode cytokines and transcription factors specific for Th1, Th2, Th17, Treg, pro-inflammatory profiles, and enzymes related to oxidative/microbicidal mechanisms was evaluated by quantitiative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Additionally, serum levels of vitamin D and the soluble receptors dectin-1 and MBL were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). In patients with RVVC, a decreased expression of T-bet, RORγ-T, IL-1β, and IL-17, and an increase in the expression of FOXP3, IL-4, IL-8, IL-10, and IL-18 were observed when compared to healthy women: moreover, decreased levels of MBL were also observed in these patients. These results confirm that patients with RVVC present in-situ alterations in both the specific and adaptive immune response against Candida spp., a fact that could be associated with the exaggerated vaginal inflammatory response.

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Immunologic characterization of patients with chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis disease

Cited by 4 publications

References 27 publications

Distinct host immune responses in recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis and vulvovaginal candidiasis

Distinct host immune responses in recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis and vulvovaginal candidiasis

Contemporary Insights Into HIV Esophagitis: Pathogenesis, Therapeutic Strategies, and Prognostic Outcomes

Landscape of in situ cytokine expression, soluble C-type lectin receptors, and vitamin D in patients with recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis

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