Immunolocalization of Bone Morphogenetic Protein‐2 and ‐3 and Osteogenic Protein‐1 during murine tooth root morphogenesis and in other craniofacial structures

Abstract

The distribution of Bone Morphogenetic Protein-2, and -3 (BMP-2 and BMP-3) and Osteogenic Protein-1 (OP-1, also known as BMP-7) during root morphogenesis and in other craniofacial structures was examined in sections of 12- to 18-d-old mouse heads using polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies. BMP-3 and OP-1 were localized in alveolar bone, cementum, and periodontal ligament, whereas BMP-2 was only localized in the alveolar bone of periodontium. All three BMPs were localized in predentine, dentine, odontoblasts, osteoblasts, osteocytes, osteoid, cartilage, chondrocytes and spiral limbus. BMP-2 and OP-1 were also localized in spiral ligament and interdentate cells of the cochlea, whilst BMP-3 was restricted to the spiral ganglion. BMP-3 was also localized in ducts of submandibular and sublingual salivary glands, acini of the lacrimal gland, Purkinje cells in the cerebellum, nerve fibres of the cerebellum and brain, afferent cells of the dorsal root ganglia, inferior alveolar nerve, and peripheral processes of the vestibulocochlear nerve. OP-1 was also localized in hair and whisker follicles, sclera of the eye and in ameloblasts. The demonstration of BMP-3 in the nervous system suggests that this protein may be neurotrophic during development and maintenance of the nervous system. The composite expression of BMPs/OPs during periodontal tissue morphogenesis suggests that optimal therapeutic regeneration may entail the combined use of different BMPs/OPs.

Candidate genes for the development of hair follicles in Hu sheep

“…These observations suggest that this protein family may play a potential role in the development of hair follicles. BMP2, BMP4, and BMP7 have been found to be expressed in developing hair follicles (Thomadakis et al, 1999). Genetic studies confirmed that BMP signaling plays an important role in the control of cell differentiation and apoptosis (Botchkarev and Sharov, 2004).…”

The Expression of GM-CSF and Osteopontin in Immunocompetent Cells Precedes the Odontoblast Differentiation Following Allogenic Tooth Transplantation in Mice

“…First, several signaling molecules such as TGFβ, BMPs, and fibroblast growth factors (FGFs) are found in the dentin matrix (Cassidy et al 1997;Roberts-Clark and Smith 2000;Thomadakis et al 1999). Therefore, a variety of biological effects arising from the dentin matrix dissolution may exist in the pulpal healing process.…”

Common Partner Smad-Independent Canonical Bone Morphogenetic Protein Signaling in the Specification Process of the Anterior Rhombic Lip during Cerebellum Development

“…In addition, Gdf7-null mutants develop abnormal cerebellar foliation (21). Although Bmp3 is expressed in the cerebellar cortical transitory zone and Purkinje cells (22), its in vivo function has not been characterized. BMP signals can transduce through Smad-dependent or Smad-independent pathways (23)(24)(25), but the exact intracellular components of BMP signaling during cerebellar development are unclear.…”