Immunolocalization of avian β-defensins in the hen oviduct and their changes in the uterus during eggshell formation

Mageed, Ahmad Abdel; Isobe, Naoki; Yoshimura, Y.

doi:10.1530/rep-09-0181

Cited by 37 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…This result partially supports the findings of Ebers et al (2009) and suggests that the expression of these six AvBDs in the vaginal cells is maintained even after cell culture for 24 h. The cultured cell population involved the epithelial cells, fibroblastlike cells, and leukocytes expressing CD45, a leukocyte common antigen (Symons et al 1999). Immunoreactive AvBD3, -10, and -12 were localized in the mucosal epithelium, supporting our previous reports that localized immunoreactive AvBD3, -11, and -12 in the mucosal epithelium of the hen vagina , Abdel Mageed et al 2009. Although the cells immunoreactive for AvBD1 have not been examined because of the lack of its antibody, many of the AvBD proteins are likely to exist in the mucosal epithelium in the vagina.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

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Induction of avian β-defensins by CpG oligodeoxynucleotides and proinflammatory cytokines in hen vaginal cells in vitro

et al. 2013

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Immune function in the vagina of hen oviduct is essential to prevent infection by microorganisms colonizing in the cloaca. The aim of this study was to determine whether CpG oligodeoxynucleotides (CpG-ODN) stimulate the expression of avian b-defensins (AvBDs) in hen vaginal cells. Specific questions were whether CpG-ODN affects the expression of AvBDs and proinflammatory cytokines and whether the cytokines affect AvBDs expression in vaginal cells. The dispersed vaginal cells of White Leghorn laying hens were cultured and stimulated by different doses of lipopolysaccharide (LPS), CpG-ODN, interleukin 1b (IL1B), or IL6. The cultured cell population contained epithelial cells, fibroblast-like cells, and CD45-positive leukocytes. The immunoreactive AvBD3, -10, and -12 were localized in the mucosal epithelium in the section of the vagina. The expression of AvBDs, IL1B, and IL6 was analyzed by quantitative RT-PCR. RT-PCR analysis showed the expression of AvBD1, -3, -4, -5, -10, and -12 in the cultured vaginal cells without stimulation. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) 4 and 21, which recognize LPS and CpG-ODN respectively and IL1 and IL6 receptors (IL1R1 and IL6R) were also expressed in them. The expression of IL1B, IL6, and AvBD10 and -12 was upregulated by LPS, whereas only IL1B and IL6 were upregulated by CpG-ODN. IL1B stimulation upregulated AvBD1 and -3 expression, whereas IL6 stimulation did not cause changes in AvBDs expression. These results suggest that CpG-ODN derived from microbes upregulates the expression of IL1B and IL6 by interaction with TLR21 and then IL1B induces AvBD1 and -3 to prevent infection in the vagina.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

“…The immunohistochemistry was performed using rabbit antibodies to AvBD3, -10, and -12 for primary antibodies that were used in our previous studies (Abdel Mageed et al 2009, Abdelsalam et al 2010. Vecta Stain ABC rabbit IgG kit (Vector Lab., Inc.) was used to identify the immunoreaction products.…”

Section: Immunohistochemistry For Avbdsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Induction of avian β-defensins by CpG oligodeoxynucleotides and proinflammatory cytokines in hen vaginal cells in vitro

et al. 2013

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“…Recently, it was found that while the β-defensin-like peptide pelovaterin (Table 1) identified in the eggshell of the Chinese soft-shelled turtle does indeed have antimicrobial activity, these peptides may also play an additional role in the formation of the eggshell, through aggregation [15]. This is similar to the role of the gallin defensin-like peptide in avian eggs [86,87,88,89,90]. …”

Section: Antimicrobial Peptides Of Reptilesmentioning

confidence: 93%

Antimicrobial Peptides in Reptiles

Hoek

2014

Pharmaceuticals

106

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Reptiles are among the oldest known amniotes and are highly diverse in their morphology and ecological niches. These animals have an evolutionarily ancient innate-immune system that is of great interest to scientists trying to identify new and useful antimicrobial peptides. Significant work in the last decade in the fields of biochemistry, proteomics and genomics has begun to reveal the complexity of reptilian antimicrobial peptides. Here, the current knowledge about antimicrobial peptides in reptiles is reviewed, with specific examples in each of the four orders: Testudines (turtles and tortosises), Sphenodontia (tuataras), Squamata (snakes and lizards), and Crocodilia (crocodilans). Examples are presented of the major classes of antimicrobial peptides expressed by reptiles including defensins, cathelicidins, liver-expressed peptides (hepcidin and LEAP-2), lysozyme, crotamine, and others. Some of these peptides have been identified and tested for their antibacterial or antiviral activity; others are only predicted as possible genes from genomic sequencing. Bioinformatic analysis of the reptile genomes is presented, revealing many predicted candidate antimicrobial peptides genes across this diverse class. The study of how these ancient creatures use antimicrobial peptides within their innate immune systems may reveal new understandings of our mammalian innate immune system and may also provide new and powerful antimicrobial peptides as scaffolds for potential therapeutic development.

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“…As β‐defensins have been found in fish (26, 27), reptiles (28), birds (19, 29, 30), and mammals (22–24), they are clearly old, but how did they originate? Our best guess is they evolved from the C‐terminal domain of BDs, which have an identical cysteine disulfide motif, are present in protochordates (our closest invertebrate ancestors), and have similar functions and sites of expression.…”

Section: Evolution Of Defensinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

α‐Defensins in human innate immunity

Lehrer¹,

2011

Immunological Reviews

366

377

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Defensins are small, multifunctional cationic peptides. They typically contain six conserved cysteines whose three intramolecular disulfides stabilize a largely β-sheet structure. This review of human α-defensins begins by describing their evolution, including their likely relationship to the Big Defensins of invertebrates, and their kinship to the β-defensin peptides of many if not all vertebrates, and the θ-defensins found in certain non-human primates. We provide a short history of the search for leukocyte-derived microbicidal molecules, emphasizing the roles played by luck (good), preconceived notions (mostly bad), and proper timing (essential). The antimicrobial, antiviral, antitoxic, and binding properties of human α-defensins are summarized. The structural features of α-defensins are described extensively and their functional contributions are assessed. The properties of HD6, an enigmatic Paneth cell α-defensin, are contrasted with those of the four myeloid α-defensins (HNP1-4) and of HD5, the other α-defensin of human Paneth cells. The review ends with a decalogue that may assist researchers or students interested in α-defensins and related aspects of neutrophil function.

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Immunolocalization of avian β-defensins in the hen oviduct and their changes in the uterus during eggshell formation

Cited by 37 publications

References 24 publications

Induction of avian β-defensins by CpG oligodeoxynucleotides and proinflammatory cytokines in hen vaginal cells in vitro

Induction of avian β-defensins by CpG oligodeoxynucleotides and proinflammatory cytokines in hen vaginal cells in vitro

Antimicrobial Peptides in Reptiles

α‐Defensins in human innate immunity

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