Immunoinformatics Approaches for Vaccine Design: A Fast and Secure Strategy for Successful Vaccine Development

Rawat, Suraj Singh; Keshri, Anand Kumar; Kaur, Rimanpreet; Prasad, Amit

doi:10.3390/vaccines11020221

Cited by 14 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…The conventional approach to vaccine development is time-consuming and expensive. In contrast, the immunoinformatics approach is comparatively inexpensive, more effective, and less time-consuming [ 10 – 12 ]. This approach has been employed to design vaccines against bacterial, viral, and parasitic pathogens [ 10 , 13 , 14 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Designing and development of multi-epitope chimeric vaccine against Helicobacter pylori by exploring its entire immunogenic epitopes: an immunoinformatic approach

Keshri,

Kaur,

Rawat

et al. 2023

BMC Bioinformatics

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Background Helicobacter pylori is a prominent causative agent of gastric ulceration, gastric adenocarcinoma and gastric lymphoma and have been categorised as a group 1 carcinogen by WHO. The treatment of H. pylori with proton pump inhibitors and antibiotics is effective but also leads to increased antibiotic resistance, patient dissatisfaction, and chances of reinfection. Therefore, an effective vaccine remains the most suitable prophylactic option for mass administration against this infection. Results We modelled a multi-chimera subunit vaccine candidate against H. pylori by screening its secretory/outer membrane proteins. We identified B-cell, MHC-II and IFN-γ-inducing epitopes within these proteins. The population coverage, antigenicity, physiochemical properties and secondary structure were evaluated using different in-silico tools, which showed it can be a good and effective vaccine candidate. The 3-D construct was predicted, refined, validated and docked with TLRs. Finally, we performed the molecular docking/simulation and immune simulation studies to validate the stability of interaction and in-silico cloned the epitope sequences into a pET28b(+) plasmid vector. Conclusion The multiepitope-constructed vaccine contains T- cells, B-cells along with IFN-γ inducing epitopes that have the property to generate good cell-mediated immunity and humoral response. This vaccine can protect most of the world’s population. The docking study and immune simulation revealed a good binding with TLRs and cell-mediated and humoral immune responses, respectively. Overall, we attempted to design a multiepitope vaccine and expect this vaccine will show an encouraging result against H. pylori infection in in-vivo use.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Designing and development of multi-epitope chimeric vaccine against Helicobacter pylori by exploring its entire immunogenic epitopes: an immunoinformatic approach

Keshri,

Kaur,

Rawat

et al. 2023

BMC Bioinformatics

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“…The analysis reveals the promising potential of the modeled subunit vaccine candidate, demonstrating its interaction with the TLR4 receptor and marking significant progress in the development of an LSDV subunit vaccine [ 124 ]. Besides, several studies established the use of these approaches and pipelines in designing vaccine candidates against diseases in humans as well as in other animals [ 108 , 125 ]. Therefore, these approaches have the potential to improve vaccine design and accelerate the development of new vaccines for preventing infectious diseases in livestock ( Figure 2 ).…”

Section: Systems Biology Applied To Disease Epidemiology and Animal W...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Veterinary systems biology for bridging the phenotype–genotype gap via computational modeling for disease epidemiology and animal welfare

Pathak,

Kim

2024

Briefings in Bioinformatics

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Veterinary systems biology is an innovative approach that integrates biological data at the molecular and cellular levels, allowing for a more extensive understanding of the interactions and functions of complex biological systems in livestock and veterinary science. It has tremendous potential to integrate multi-omics data with the support of vetinformatics resources for bridging the phenotype–genotype gap via computational modeling. To understand the dynamic behaviors of complex systems, computational models are frequently used. It facilitates a comprehensive understanding of how a host system defends itself against a pathogen attack or operates when the pathogen compromises the host’s immune system. In this context, various approaches, such as systems immunology, network pharmacology, vaccinology and immunoinformatics, can be employed to effectively investigate vaccines and drugs. By utilizing this approach, we can ensure the health of livestock. This is beneficial not only for animal welfare but also for human health and environmental well-being. Therefore, the current review offers a detailed summary of systems biology advancements utilized in veterinary sciences, demonstrating the potential of the holistic approach in disease epidemiology, animal welfare and productivity.

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“…The scientific community’s attention has recently been directed towards the unusual need for quick vaccine design because of previous epidemic outbreaks, including the COVID-19 pandemic, the influenza virus, SARS, and, more recently, the virus that causes the Zika disease. This has encouraged the application of computational tools to investigate suitable vaccine candidates [ 17 ]. Currently, the vaccines against H5N1virus available on the market primarily target the haemagglutinin surface antigens.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nevertheless, the systems biology approach can provide a powerful platform for identifying potential hub genes that can target surface antigens and adequately understand relative signalling pathways to develop effective vaccines [ 18 , 19 ]. The integration of computational methods has drastically reduced the vaccine development process from 15–20 years to 2–3 years and further allows the screening of multiple novel candidates [ 17 ]. The use of computational methods in immunology has led to the development of a new vaccine design paradigm.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

System Biology Approach to Identify the Hub Genes and Pathways Associated with Human H5N1 Infection

Chaudhary

Patil

et al. 2023

Vaccines

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Introduction: H5N1 is a highly pathogenic avian influenza virus that can infect humans and has an estimated fatality rate of 53%. As shown by the current situation of the COVID-19 pandemic, emerging and re-emerging viruses such as H5N1 have the potential to cause another pandemic. Thus, this study outlined the hub genes and pathways associated with H5N1 infection in humans. Methods: The genes associated with H5N1 infection in humans were retrieved from the NCBI Gene database using “H5N1 virus infection” as the keyword. The genes obtained were investigated for protein–protein interaction (PPI) using STRING version 11.5 and studied for functional enrichment analysis using DAVID 2021. Further, the PPI network was visualised and analysed using Cytoscape 3.7.2, and the hub genes were obtained using the local topological analysis method of the cytoHubba plugin. Results: A total of 39 genes associated with H5N1 infection in humans significantly interacted with each other, forming a PPI network with 38 nodes and 149 edges modulating 74 KEGG pathways, 76 biological processes, 13 cellular components, and 22 molecular functions. Further, the PPI network analysis revealed that 33 nodes interacted, forming 1056 shortest paths at 0.282 network density, along with a 1.947 characteristic path length. The local topological analysis predicted IFNA1, IRF3, CXCL8, CXCL10, IFNB1, and CHUK as the critical hub genes in human H5N1 infection. Conclusion: The hub genes associated with the H5N1 infection and their pathways could serve as diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic targets for H5N1 infection among humans.

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Immunoinformatics Approaches for Vaccine Design: A Fast and Secure Strategy for Successful Vaccine Development

Abstract: Vaccines are major contributors to the cost-effective interventions in major infectious diseases in the global public health space [...]

Cited by 14 publications

References 29 publications

Designing and development of multi-epitope chimeric vaccine against Helicobacter pylori by exploring its entire immunogenic epitopes: an immunoinformatic approach

Designing and development of multi-epitope chimeric vaccine against Helicobacter pylori by exploring its entire immunogenic epitopes: an immunoinformatic approach

Veterinary systems biology for bridging the phenotype–genotype gap via computational modeling for disease epidemiology and animal welfare

System Biology Approach to Identify the Hub Genes and Pathways Associated with Human H5N1 Infection

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