Immunoinformatics Approach to Design Novel Subunit Vaccine against the Epstein-Barr Virus

Moin, Abu Tayab; Patil, Rajesh B.; Araf, Yusha; Ullah, Md. Asad; Snigdha, Hafsa Jarin; Alam, Tawfiq; Alvey, Safwan Araf; Rudra, B. C.; Mina, Sohana Akter; Akter, Yasmin; Zhai, Jingbo; Zheng, Chunfu

doi:10.1128/spectrum.01151-22

Cited by 14 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 146 publications

(160 reference statements)

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“…Computational prediction tools are a powerful approach to identify epitopes that are presented on class I MHC molecules to CD8 + T cells. They are commonly used in different biomedical research contexts, including the design of peptide‐based vaccines 37–43 . Most of these tools are based on machine learning algorithms trained on datasets of known peptide–MHC binding affinities and can accurately predict the binding capacity of a peptide to a specific MHC.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…design of peptide-based vaccines. [37][38][39][40][41][42][43] Most of these tools are based on machine learning algorithms trained on datasets of known peptide-MHC binding affinities and can accurately predict the binding capacity of a peptide to a specific MHC. The predicted output is expressed as IC 50 (nM) units, where a lower number indicates a higher affinity.…”

Section: Binding Affinity Between Hla Molecules and Peptides Derived ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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The humoral and cellular response tomRNA SARS‐CoV‐2 vaccine is influenced byHLApolymorphisms

Bertinetto

Mapelli

Mazzola

et al. 2023

HLA

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Host genetic variability contributes to susceptibility to SARS‐CoV‐2 infection and COVID‐19 evolution and the role of HLA system has not clearly emerged, suggesting the involvement of other factors. Studying response to vaccination with Spyke protein mRNA represents an ideal model to highlight whether the humoral or cellular responses are influenced by HLA. Four hundred and sixteen workers, vaccinated with Comirnaty beginning 2021, were selected within the Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria “Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino.” The humoral response was determined with the LIAISON® kit, while the analysis of the cellular response was performed with the Quantiferon SARS‐CoV‐2 assay, for the S1 (receptor‐binding domain; Ag1) and S1 and S2 (Ag2) subunits of the Spyke protein. Six HLA loci were typed by next‐generation sequencing. Associations between HLA and vaccine response were performed with univariate and multivariate analyses. An association was found between A*03:01, B*40:02 and DPB1*06:01 and high antibody concentration and between A*24:02, B*08:01 and C*07:01 and low humoral responses. The haplotype HLA‐A*01:01 ~ B1*08:01 ~ C*07:01 ~ DRB1*03:01 ~ DQB1*02:01 conferred an increased risk of low humoral response. Considering cellular responses, 50% of the vaccinated subjects responded against Ag1 and 59% against Ag2. Carriers of DRB1*15:01 displayed a higher cellular response both to Ag1 and Ag2 compared to the rest of the cohort. Similarly, DRB1*13:02 predisposed to a robust cellular response to Ag1 and Ag2, while DRB1*11:04 showed an opposite trend. Cellular and humoral responses to Comirnaty are influenced by HLA. Humoral response is mainly associated to class I alleles, with A*03:01, previously associated to protection against severe COVID‐19, and response to vaccination, standing out. Cellular response predominantly involves class II alleles, with DRB1*15:01 and DPB1*13:01 prevailing. Affinity analysis for Spyke peptides is generally in line with the association results.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Binding Affinity Between Hla Molecules and Peptides Derived ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

The humoral and cellular response tomRNA SARS‐CoV‐2 vaccine is influenced byHLApolymorphisms

Bertinetto

Mapelli

Mazzola

et al. 2023

HLA

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…15 A truncated method is based on the amino acid sequences of the antigen. 16 The antigen is divided into several truncated proteins. The truncated protein with the strongest immune effect is determined by immunoassay.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Target antigen could be obtained from phage peptide library based on the specific binding between antigen and antibody . A truncated method is based on the amino acid sequences of the antigen . The antigen is divided into several truncated proteins.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rationally Designed Self-Assembling Nanovaccines Elicit Robust Mucosal and Systemic Immunity against Rhabdovirus

Zhang,

Zhao,

Jia

et al. 2023

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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Viral diseases have constantly caused great threats to global public health, resulting in an urgent need for effective vaccines. However, the current viral vaccines often show low immunogenicity. To counter this, we report a smart strategy of a well-designed modular nanoparticle (LSG-TDH) that recapitulates the dominant antigen SG, low-molecular-weight protamine, and tetralysinemodified H-chain apoferritin (TDH). The constructed LSG-TDH nanovaccine could self-assemble into a nanocage structure, which confers excellent mucuspenetrating, cellular affinity, and uptake ability. Studies demonstrate that the LSG-TDH nanovaccine could strongly activate both mucosal and systemic immune responses. Importantly, by immunizing wild-type and TLR2 knockout (TLR2-KO) zebrafish, we found that TLR2 could mediate LSG-TDH-induced adaptive mucosal and systemic immune responses by activating antigenpresenting cells. Collectively, our findings offer new insights into rational viral vaccine design and provide additional evidence of the vital role of TLR2 in regulating adaptive immunity.

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“…7 Moin et al obtained promising results by targeting three glycoproteins, which enhance the virulence of the virus, to design an epitope-based polyvalent vaccine against type 1 and 2 strains of EBV. 8 However, clinical trials are warranted to evaluate their potential effectiveness of preventing EBV infection before licensing will be suitable, while the benefit of incident EBVaGC control through massive vaccination keeps largely pending. Besides, TMB, CTLA-4, and SMARCA4 mutation were found as potential biomarkers of immune checkpoint blockade in EBVaGC, which might better evidence immune checkpoint blockade therapy for EBVaGC.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Comment on “Infectious pathogens and risk of esophageal, gastric and duodenal cancers and ulcers in China: A case‐cohort study”

Wang,

Chen

2024

Intl Journal of Cancer

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We read with great interest that Kartsonaki et al. conducted a casecohort study based on the China Kadoorie Biobank study and reported a high seroprevalence of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) up to 99.8%. 1 This study found that EBV seropositivity was not associated with non-cardia gastric cancer, and was inversely associated with cardia gastric cancer. This needs to be interpreted with caution due to the fairly high seroprevalence. Similarly, our previous systematic review found that the EBV seropositivity of EBV-encoded small RNA (EBER) IgG, VCA IgG, VCA IgA, EA IgG, EA-D IgG, and EA-R IgG were diverse, but generally comparable between incident gastric cancer patients and healthy controls. 2 Therefore, we hypothesize that the detection of EBV nucleic acids in gastric cancer tissue, but not in noncancer tissue, could substantially evidence the causal role of EBV in infection-attributable gastric carcinogenesis, rather than serology of EBV. Namely, the detection of EBV in stomach mucosa might be better to predict infection-attributable gastric cancer.

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Immunoinformatics Approach to Design Novel Subunit Vaccine against the Epstein-Barr Virus

Cited by 14 publications

References 146 publications

The humoral and cellular response tomRNA SARS‐CoV‐2 vaccine is influenced byHLApolymorphisms

The humoral and cellular response tomRNA SARS‐CoV‐2 vaccine is influenced byHLApolymorphisms

Rationally Designed Self-Assembling Nanovaccines Elicit Robust Mucosal and Systemic Immunity against Rhabdovirus

Comment on “Infectious pathogens and risk of esophageal, gastric and duodenal cancers and ulcers in China: A case‐cohort study”

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