Immunohistopathological changes of bone tissue during chronic generalized periodontitis

Abstract

Ставропольский государственный медицинский университет, Российская Федерация 2 Российский университет дружбы народов, москва, Российская Федерация 3 Cеверо-Осетинская государственная медицинская академия, Владикавказ, Российская Федерация The morphology of osteonecrotic processes and osteogenesis of experimental periodontitis with various degrees of severity were examined in 60 white outbred rats. In bone tissue of the alveolar process during chronic generalized periodontitis, immunohistomorphology revealed resorption processes with the participation of macrophages in the form of swelling and total lysis of osteocytes and histiocytes. Disruption of osteogenesis with insufficient bone neoplasm was noted during the progression of the disease, when along with intensive osteolytic processes, atypical bone formation was observed. Furthermore, in some areas of the bone tissue of the alveolar process, there was an inordinate change in resorption and bone-building processes. Therefore, a description of the pathological process in the form of «bone atrophy» does not reflect the pathology, whereas «osteoporosis and bone tissue repair» most accurately explains the mechanisms and manifestations of the pathological process of chronic generalized periodontitis.

Experimental substantiation of mesenchymal stem cell application for the restoration of periodontal tissue

“…Воспалительный процесс в тканях периодонта имеет деструктивный характер и сопровождается резорбцией костной ткани и повреждением опорно-удерживающего аппарата зуба. Из-за слабого репаративного потенциала данных структур восстановление дефицита кости за счет физиологической регенерации продолжается длительное время и редко происходит в полном объеме [3,4]. В настоящее время активно изучается способность тканей периодонта к регенерации при применении различных материалов в экспериментальных условиях.…”

Study of the activity of the antioxidant system in experimental periodontitis

“…Long-term chronic inflammation in tissues leads to an increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS), and an imbalance in the antioxidant system [3,4]. The long-term chronic inflammation is known to facilitate destruction of tissues supporting teeth, including the gums, periodontal ligament, and alveolar bone [5]. Also, chronic periodontitis is the main cause of tooth loss, which significantly impairs quality of life in such patients.…”