Immunohistopathological and biochemical changes in Schistosoma mansoni-infected mice treated with artemether

Botros, Sanaa S.; Mahmoud, Madiha R.; Moussa, Mona; Nosseir, M. H.

doi:10.1016/j.jinf.2007.07.022

Cited by 26 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 37 publications

(23 reference statements)

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“…Again, statistically highly significant total and female worm burden reductions were obtained: artemether achieved total and female worm burden reductions of 71.1-81.4%. Interestingly, the activities of artemether against adult S. mansoni reported here are higher than in previous studies, 15,16 which might be caused by mouse strain differences or slightly lower infection intensities. Total and female worm burden reductions of 77.3-96.5% were observed after treatment of mice with mefloquine.…”

contrasting

confidence: 88%

Activity of Artemether and Mefloquine against Juvenile and Adult Schistosoma mansoni in Athymic and Immunocompetent NMRI Mice

Keiser

Vargas²,

Doenhoff³

2010

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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Abstract. Immune effector mechanisms can enhance the activity of antischistosomal drugs. We examined the in vivo effect of single oral doses of the antimalarials artemether (400 mg/kg) and mefloquine (200 mg/kg), recently described to have promising antischistosomal properties, against juvenile and adult Schistosoma mansoni in T cell-deficient and in comparably infected age-and sex-matched immunologically intact control mice. Artemether and mefloquine are equally effective in athymic and immunocompetent mice. Artemether treatment resulted in total and female worm burden reductions ranging between 71.1% and 85.3%, whereas mefloquine achieved total and female worm burden reductions of 80.4-97.8%. In conclusion, artemether and mefloquine act T-cell independently and no synergistic interaction with the immune response was involved.The antimalarials artemether and mefloquine have promising antischistosomal properties.

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contrasting

confidence: 88%

Activity of Artemether and Mefloquine against Juvenile and Adult Schistosoma mansoni in Athymic and Immunocompetent NMRI Mice

Keiser

Vargas²,

Doenhoff³

2010

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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“…This may be due to a difference in methodology in the number of infested cercariae, method of infestation, course of medication as well as the interval between the drug administration and animal sacrifice. But, treatment with PZQ showed a highly significant reduction in (83%) at 1WPT which is nearly similar to the finding of (Botros SS et al 2007) that used PZQ 500 mg/kg for two successive days in infected mice (at 6 WPI with 80 cercariae by tail immersion technique) caused 93% reduction in the whole worms at 1 WPT. Khalil SS 2000 found a 69.2% reduction in PZQ-treated mice (600 mg/kg as single oral dose at seven-week post-infection with 100 cercariae by paddling technique).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Comparative parasitological and electron microscopic studies on the effects of Nitazoxanide and Praziquantel in Schistosoma mansoni-infected mice

El-Taweel¹,

El-Sayad²,

Helw³

et al. 2016

IJPT

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This study was designed to evaluate antischistosomal activity of Nitazoxanide (NTZ) in Schistosoma mansoni-infected mice compared to Praziquantel (PZQ). Fifty four infected mice were recruited into 3 groups, each of 18 mice. Group 1 was infected non-treated control. Group 2 was infected and then treated with PZQ 500 mg for two days, and group 3 was infected and treated with NTZ 100 mg/kg for seven days. Efficacy of drugs was assessed by Parasitological, and scanning electron microscopic studies. PZQ reduced (4.9%, 22.5% and 50.7%) of faecal eggs, (22%, 22.6% and 55.1%) of intestinal eggs, (20.4%, 44.3% and 46.7%) of hepatic egg counts and (27%, 45.1% and 64.9%) of total worm load whereas, NTZ reduced (4.9%, 22.5% and 50.7%),of faecal eggs, (22%, 22.6% and 55.1%) of intestinal eggs ,(20.4%, 44.3% and 46.7%) of hepatic egg counts and (27%, 45.1% and 64.9%) of total worm load at 1, 2 and 4 WPT, respectively. The percentages of dead eggs were more than 80% after PZQ treatment and only 30% after NTZ at 4 WPT. PZQ showed extensive tegumental damages in male and female worms more than NTZ at 2 WPT. Our findings concluded that Nitazoxanide showed weaker antischistosomal activity in animal models than praziquantel.

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“…Moreover, the result could be compare with the result obtained by Xiao et al (1999) which recorded reduction of worm burdens by only 50% post lower dose of levo-PZQ (50 mg/kg). Mossallam et al (2007) recorded 92.68% andBotros et al (2007) recorded 95.1% post using curative dose of PZQ.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Structural changes of Schistosoma mansoni adult worms recovered from C57BL/6 mice treated with radiation-attenuated vaccine and/or praziquantel against infection

et al. 2011

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Although the current treatment of schistosomiasis relies largely on praziquantel (PZQ), it has not significantly reduced the overall number of disease cases, perhaps due to inevitable resistance to PZQ. Previous studies showed that radiation-attenuated vaccine gives protection levels for Schistosoma mansoni in host various species. In the present study, we evaluated the effect of various vaccination strategies in C57BL/6 mice, including single or multiple vaccination strategy, subcurative dose (20 mg/kg) of PZQ, and a combination of single vaccination with subcurative dose of PZQ. Groups of five mice were sacrificed postinfection in 42 days and schistosomes were collected by perfusion and examined by scanning electron microscopy. Treatment either with subcurative dose of PZQ or with a single vaccination of attenuated cercariae (500 per mouse), caused significant reduction in total worm burden, hepatic and intestinal ova counts 43.03%, 73.2%, 59.5% and 37.97%, 52.02%, 26.3%, respectively. Furthermore, tegumental changes were observed, including severe swelling, fusion of tegumental folds, vesicle formation, and loss or shortening of the spines on the tubercles. However, multiple vaccination strategy resulted in much higher reduction in total worm burden, hepatic and intestinal ova count. However, multiple vaccination strategy resulted in high reduction of worm burden, hepatic and intestinal ova counts 72.5%, 90.7%, 65.79%, respectively, and further causing swollen, disruption of tubercles teguments and erosion, extensive peeling, fusion of tegumental folds. Our findings suggest that multiple vaccination strategy is the most effective strategy to clear schistosomal infection, indicating its potential in guiding the design of appropriate therapeutic strategy against schistosomes.

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Immunohistopathological and biochemical changes in Schistosoma mansoni-infected mice treated with artemether

Cited by 26 publications

References 37 publications

Activity of Artemether and Mefloquine against Juvenile and Adult Schistosoma mansoni in Athymic and Immunocompetent NMRI Mice

Activity of Artemether and Mefloquine against Juvenile and Adult Schistosoma mansoni in Athymic and Immunocompetent NMRI Mice

Comparative parasitological and electron microscopic studies on the effects of Nitazoxanide and Praziquantel in Schistosoma mansoni-infected mice

Structural changes of Schistosoma mansoni adult worms recovered from C57BL/6 mice treated with radiation-attenuated vaccine and/or praziquantel against infection

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