Immunohistochemistry of Luteinizing Hormone-Releasing Hormone-Producing Neurons of the Vertebrates

Barry, J

doi:10.1016/s0074-7696(08)61263-2

Cited by 147 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 139 publications

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“…3) are in general agreement with reports published previously [5,16,18). No other neuroac tive substance has been localized to date which is distribut ed similarly.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Immunocytochemical Localization of Luteinizing Hormone-Releasing Hormone in Male and Female Rat Brains

Shivers¹,

Harlan²,

Morrell³

et al. 1983

Neuroendocrinology

191

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The peroxidase-antiperoxidase immunocytochemical method was used to determine quantitatively the effects of gonadal steroids on the immunoreactive luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) content in the brain of male and female rats. In the male rat, gonadectomy decreased both the number of cell bodies and optical density of staining in cell bodies containing immunoreactive LHRH; decreased the percentage of area covered by LHRH fibers in the middle and caudal aspects of the median eminence (ME) but not the organum vasculosum lamina terminalis (OVLT), and decreased the number of LHRH fibers localized in the midbrain central gray (MCG). Since others have shown previously that gonadectomy increases the LHRH content of portal blood in the male rat, the results suggest that the decreased somal accumulation of LHRH and decreased LHRH content in fibers in the ME and MCG measured in the present study following loss of testicular steroids reflect increased LHRH release from the ME and MCG into the portal blood and brain, respectively.

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“…3) are in general agreement with reports published previously [5,16,18). No other neuroac tive substance has been localized to date which is distribut ed similarly.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Immunocytochemical Localization of Luteinizing Hormone-Releasing Hormone in Male and Female Rat Brains

Shivers¹,

Harlan²,

Morrell³

et al. 1983

Neuroendocrinology

191

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“…In the dog these fibers enter the pineal gland via the posterior and habenular commissures. LHRH-IR neurons have been observed in the habenular commissure and may send fibers toward the pineal gland (Barry, 1979). Finally, it has been proposed that some pineal cells synthesize LHRH or a LHRH-like peptide (Pévet et al, 1980b).…”

Section: Multiple Regulation Of Pineal Melatonin Synthesis In Mammalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Generation of the Melatonin Endocrine Message in Mammals: A Review of the Complex Regulation of Melatonin Synthesis by Norepinephrine, Peptides, and Other Pineal Transmitters

2003

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“…Only about 800–1,200 neurons express the GnRH decapeptide in the adult mouse [20]. These neurons are spread diffusely in a continuum from the medial septum (MS) ultimately terminating on both sides of the third ventricle with the bulk of the cell bodies lying just rostral to the third ventricle [21,22]. Difficulty in obtaining pure populations of native GnRH neurons has necessitated that mechanistic studies be performed in cell lines.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vivo Circadian Rhythms in Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Neurons

Hickok

Tischkau

2009

Neuroendocrinology

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Although it is generally accepted that the circadian clock provides a timing signal for the luteinizing hormone (LH) surge, mechanistic explanations of this phenomenon remain underexplored. It is known, for example, that circadian locomotor output cycles kaput (clock) mutant mice have severely dampened LH surges, but whether this phenotype derives from a loss of circadian rhythmicity in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) or altered circadian function in gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) neurons has not been resolved. GnRH neurons can be stimulated to cycle with a circadian period in vitro and disruption of that cycle disturbs secretion of the GnRH decapeptide. We show that both period-2 (PER2) and brain muscle Arnt-like-1 (BMAL1) proteins cycle with a circadian period in the GnRH population in vivo. PER2 and BMAL1 expression both oscillate with a 24-hour period, with PER2 peaking during the night and BMAL1 peaking during the day. The population, however, is not as homogeneous as other oscillatory tissues with only about 50% of the population sharing peak expression levels of BMAL1 at zeitgeber time 4 (ZT4) and PER2 at ZT16. Further, a light pulse that induced a phase delay in the activity rhythm of the GnRH-eGFP mice caused a similar delay in peak expression levels of BMAL1 and PER2. These studies provide direct evidence for a functional circadian clock in native GnRH neurons with a phase that closely follows that of the SCN.

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Immunohistochemistry of Luteinizing Hormone-Releasing Hormone-Producing Neurons of the Vertebrates

Cited by 147 publications

References 139 publications

Immunocytochemical Localization of Luteinizing Hormone-Releasing Hormone in Male and Female Rat Brains

Immunocytochemical Localization of Luteinizing Hormone-Releasing Hormone in Male and Female Rat Brains

Generation of the Melatonin Endocrine Message in Mammals: A Review of the Complex Regulation of Melatonin Synthesis by Norepinephrine, Peptides, and Other Pineal Transmitters

In vivo Circadian Rhythms in Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Neurons

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