Immunohistochemistry of Human Hsp60 in Health and Disease: From Autoimmunity to Cancer

Abstract

Hsp60 (also called Cpn60) is a chaperonin with essential functions for cell physiology and survival. Additionally, its involvement in the pathogenesis of a variety of diseases (e.g., some autoimmune disorders and cancer) is becoming evident with new research. For example, the distribution and levels of Hsp60 in cells and tissues have been found altered in many pathologic conditions, and the significance of these alterations is being investigated in a number of laboratories. The aim of this ongoing research is to determine the meaning of these Hsp60 alterations with regard to pathogenetic mechanisms, diagnosis, classification of lesions, and assessing prognosis and response to treatment.Hsp60 occurs in the mitochondria, i.e., its typical residence according to classic knowledge, and also in other locales, such as the cytosol, the cell membrane, the intercellular space, and biological fluids (e.g., blood and cerebrospinal fluid). Detection and quantitative determinations in all these locations are becoming essential components of laboratory pathology in clinics and research. Consequently, immunohistochemistry targeting Hsp60 is also becoming essential for pathologists and researchers interested in disorders involving this chaperonin.In this chapter, we summarize some recent discoveries on the participation of Hsp60 in the pathogenesis of human diseases, and describe in detail how to perform immunohistochemical reactions for detecting the chaperonin, determining its location, and measuring its quantitative levels.

Autoantibody profiles and clinical association in Thai patients with autoimmune retinopathy

“…The autoantibody against Rab6 is not detected in the normal population, thus making it a potentially specific biomarker for AIR, although the prevalence is low 10 . On the contrary, anti-HSP60 represents a natural antibody developed toward common pathogen invasions 36 and the immunopathogenesis is hypothesized to occur through the molecular mimicry 37 , 38 . Autoantibody against HSP60 has also been related to several autoimmune diseases 37 , 39 , various types of cancer 2 , and even the normal population, although the concentration among these groups significantly differs 23 .…”

Detection of anti-Hsp60 antibodies in the serum of patients with prostate cancer

“…Останнім часом зросла увага дослідників до білків теплово го шоку (heat shock proteins, HSPs), зокрема, Hsp60, анти Hsp60 антитіл та їхньої ролі при пухлинних процесах [10][11][12][13].…”

“…Роль Hsp60 при пухлинних процесах активно досліджується, проте на сьогодні остаточно не встановлена [12,13]. Показано, що Hsp60 накопичується у цитоплазмі диспластичних та пухлинних клітин і може пригнічувати апоптоз клітин, сприяючи онкогенезу [16].…”