Immunohistochemical Study of the Innervation of the Boundary Area of the Hard and Soft Palates of the Rat

Kato, Jun; Uddman, Rolf; Sundler, F.; Kurisu, Kojiro

doi:10.1159/000046488

Cited by 15 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…This corresponds to a study where PGP 9.5 positive nerve fibres were detected forming a dense network in lamina propria of healthy human lip and alveolar process mucosa [29]. Also, a rich supply of PGP 9.5-containing nerve fibres has been found in the boundary area of soft and hard palate in healthy rat oral mucosa [30]. Like in our study, PGP 9.5-containing nerve fibres have been detected in the wall of blood vessels in healthy human palate [29].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

“…Soft and hard palate mucosa contained mainly moderate to numerous CGRP positive neuronal structures, while a moderate number of substance P-containing nerve fibres were observed in this localization. In another study, the boundary area of soft and hard palate of a healthy rat also demonstrated a higher number of CGRPcontaining nerve fibres than substance P-containing nerves [30]. Based on the above mentioned, we conclude that the described substance P and CGRP neuronal distribution pattern can be assumed to be typical of palate mucosa.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 53%

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Evaluation of innervation in cleft affected oral mucosa

Rimdenoka

Pilmane

2020

PoA

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Orofacial clefts are one of the most common pathologies present at birth. The aim of the study was to evaluate the presence of PGP 9.5, substance P, VIP, CGRP, myelin and NFG in cleft affected mucosa of alveolar process, soft and hard palate, vomer and lip. Methods. Orofacial cleft affected mucosa tissue samples were obtained during surgical cleft correction from 21 children aged from 2 months to 9 years and 10 months. Prepared tissue sections were stained by immunohistochemistry for PGP 9.5, substance P, VIP, CGRP, myelin and NGF. The intensity of staining was graded semiquantitatively. Results. Mostly moderate number and numerous PGP 9.5, substance P, VIP, CGRP, myelin and NGF-containing nerve fibres and nerve fibre bundles and CGRP and NGF positive keratinocytes were detected. The most immunoreactive for PGP 9.5, myelin and NGF were nerve fibres, nerve fibre bundles and keratinocytes in lip mucosa tissue samples. Typically, PGP 9.5-containing nerve fibres were detected in subepithelium close to basal lamina, near blood vessels; thin PGP 9.5 positive nerve fibres were also observed between keratinocytes. Immunoreactivity of CGRP was higher than of substance P in nerve fibres and nerve fibre bundles. Statistically significant positive correlation was observed between all markers in subepithelium of all tissue samples. Conclusions. The proved statistically significant strong inter-correlation and the number of general neuropeptide-containing innervation (PGP 9.5), sensory nerves (CGRP and substance P), and parasympathetic nerves (VIP) is similar in orofacial cleft affected oral mucosa to such described in scientific literature healthy oral mucosa, except the alveolar process covering mucosa where the above innervation varies. Very strong and strong statistically significant positive correlations between the number of PGP 9.5, substance P, CGRP and VIP positive structures on the one hand, and NGF and myelin, on the other hand, indicate a connection between quality markers and common neuropeptide-containing, sensory and parasympathetic innervation in cleft affected oral tissue. The number of PGP 9.5, NGF and myelin immunoreactive neuronal structures in lip mucosa is higher than in the alveolar process, soft and hard palate and vomer mucosa, suggesting the significance of qualitative common innervation in this organ even in the cleft affected case.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 53%

Evaluation of innervation in cleft affected oral mucosa

Rimdenoka

Pilmane

2020

PoA

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“…Soft palate and uvula inflammation have been demonstrated in patients with OSA [ 10 , 28 ] and in edentulous subjects such inflammation might be amplified by the mucosa irritation induced by dentures wearing [ 8 , 29 ]. Actually, the posterior ridge of the denture is designed to fit on the border between the hard and soft palate and this boundary area is rich of nerve fibers and contains several inflammatory cytokines [ 30 ] that might be released in response to dentures pressure, giving rise to inflammatory edema.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tooth loss and obstructive sleep apnoea

et al. 2006

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“…Inflammation in regions of the palatal and buccal mucosa, gingiva and periodontium constitutes a major oral health problem, and it has been suggested that there is an important neurogenic component to inflammatory processes in oral mucosa (for review, see Györfi et al ., 1992). CGRP‐immunoreactive fibers of trigeminal origin have been localized throughout the oropharyngeal mucosal epithelium, including the palatal perivascular submucosa and subepithelium, lamina propria, taste buds and glands (Rodgrigo et al ., 1985; Silverman & Kruger, 1989; Kato et al ., 1998) as well as in the junctional epithelium of the gingiva (Byers et al ., 1987; Nagata et al ., 1992), the dental pulp (Uddman et al ., 1986) and the submandibular gland (Soinila et al ., 1989). In humans, CGRP immunoreactivity in the oral cavity has been localized to varicose neuronal fibers and/or terminals in the subepithelial and perivascular areas of the oral mucosa (Hilliges et al ., 1994; Fantini et al ., 1995), to the propria and basal epithelium (Luthman et al ., 1988) and to buccal mucosa (Ruokonen et al ., 1993).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Capsaicin‐evoked CGRP release from rat buccal mucosa: development of a model system for studying trigeminal mechanisms of neurogenic inflammation

Flores

Leong

Dussor

et al. 2001

Eur J of Neuroscience

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Many of the physiological hallmarks associated with neurogenic inflammatory processes in cutaneous tissues are similarly present within orofacial structures. Such attributes include the dependence upon capsaicin-sensitive sensory neurons and the involvement of certain inflammatory mediators derived therein, including calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP). However, there are also important differences between the trigeminal and spinal nervous systems, and the potential contributions of neurogenic processes to inflammatory disease within the trigeminal system have yet to be fully elucidated. We present here a model system that affords the ability to study mechanisms regulating the efferent functions of peptidergic terminals that may subserve neurogenic inflammation within the oral cavity. Freshly dissected buccal mucosa tissue from adult, male, Sprague-Dawley rats was placed into chambers and superfused with oxygenated, Krebs buffer. Serial aliquots of the egressing superfusate were acquired and analysed by radioimmunoassay for immunoreactive CGRP (iCGRP). Addition of the selective excitotoxin, capsaicin (10-300 microm), to the superfusion buffer resulted in a significant, concentration-dependent increase in superfusate levels of iCGRP. Similarly, release of iCGRP from the buccal mucosa could also be evoked by a depolarizing concentration of potassium chloride (50 mm) or by the calcium ionophore A23187 (1 microm). The specific, capsaicin receptor antagonist, capsazepine (300 microm), completely abolished the capsaicin-evoked release of iCGRP while having no effect whatsoever on the potassium-evoked release. Moreover, capsaicin-evoked release was dependent upon the presence of extracellular calcium ions and was significantly, though incompletely, attenuated by neonatal capsaicin denervation. Collectively, these data indicate that the evoked neurosecretion of iCGRP in response to capsaicin occurs via a vanilloid receptor-mediated, exocytotic mechanism. The model system described here should greatly facilitate future investigations designed to identify and characterize the stimuli that regulate the release of CGRP or other neurosecretory substances in isolated tissues. This system may also be used to elucidate the role of these mediators in the aetiology of inflammatory processes within the trigeminal field of innervation.

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Immunohistochemical Study of the Innervation of the Boundary Area of the Hard and Soft Palates of the Rat

Cited by 15 publications

References 36 publications

Evaluation of innervation in cleft affected oral mucosa

Evaluation of innervation in cleft affected oral mucosa

Tooth loss and obstructive sleep apnoea

Capsaicin‐evoked CGRP release from rat buccal mucosa: development of a model system for studying trigeminal mechanisms of neurogenic inflammation

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