Immunohistochemical study of androgen receptor in benign hyperplastic and cancerous human prostates

Masai, Motoyuki; Sumiya, Hidenori; Akimoto, Susumu; Yatani, Ryuichi; Chang, Chawnshang; Liao, Shutsung; Shimazaki, Jun

doi:10.1002/pros.2990170405

Cited by 82 publications

(59 citation statements)

References 38 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…The high response rate is in accordance with the observation that most human prostate cancers have a high content of androgen receptors (AR; Martelli et al 1980;Concolino et al 1982). Some recent immunohistochemical studies using antibodies to the amino-terminal domain of AR revealed that the proportion of AR positive tumour cells varied among prostate cancers; poorly differentiated prostate cancers tended to have a diminished proportion of AR positive tumour cells (Ruizeveld de Winter et al 1990;Masai et al 1990). In ligand binding studies on tumour cytosols, Gorelic et al (1987) similarly noted heterogeneity of AR expression Correspondence to: T.H.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 69%

“…These authors used antibody ANI-15 for detection of AR. The reactivity of this antibody with the nuclei of basal cells lining the prostatic glands, as reported by Masai et al (1990), contrasts with the reactivity pattern of antibody F39.4 . In addition, differences in tissue processing and in the double-immunostaining technique may help to explain the discrepancy of the findings reported by these authors.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 51%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Do neuroendocrine cells in human prostate cancer express androgen receptor?

et al. 1993

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract. The presence of androgen receptors (AR) in neuroendocrine cells was investigated in benign tissue of 10 prostatectomy specimens, in 12 prostatic adenocarcinomas with focal neuroendocrine differentiation and in 1 case of a pure neuroendocrine small cell carcinoma of the prostate. Neuroendocrine cells were defined by their reactivity with an antibody to chromogranin A. Monoclonal antibody F39.4 directed against the amino-terminal domain of the AR molecule was used to detect AR. AR and chromogranin A were simultaneously visualized with a double immunofluorescence technique. The results indicate that chromogranin positive cells in both benign and malignant prostatic tissue lack detectable expression of AR. No effect of endocrine therapy was noted. These results are in agreement with the hypothesis that prostatic neuroendocrine tumour cells represent an androgen insensitive cell population, which incidentally may expand to replace the androgen-sensitive tumour cell population during androgen ablation therapy.

show abstract

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 69%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 51%

Do neuroendocrine cells in human prostate cancer express androgen receptor?

et al. 1993

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Most studies in the human report AR expression is restricted to the luminal cell layer; several studies in the mouse report widespread expression in both basal and luminal cells (16)(17)(18). qPCR and Western blot analyses demonstrate that both mRNA and protein for AR can be identified at high levels in basal/stem, luminal, and stromal cell fractions ( Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Basal epithelial stem cells are efficient targets for prostate cancer initiation

Lawson¹,

Zong

Memarzadeh³

et al. 2010

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

241

222

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Prevailing theories suggest that luminal cells are the origin of prostate cancer because it is histologically defined by basal cell loss and malignant luminal cell expansion. We introduced a series of genetic alterations into prospectively identified populations of murine basal/stem and luminal cells in an in vivo prostate regeneration assay. Stromal induction of FGF signaling, increased expression of the ETS family transcription factor ERG1, and constitutive activation of PI3K signaling were evaluated. Combination of activated PI3K signaling and heightened androgen receptor signaling, which is associated with disease progression to androgen independence, was also performed. Even though luminal cells fail to respond, basal/stem cells demonstrate efficient capacity for cancer initiation and can produce luminal-like disease characteristic of human prostate cancer in multiple models. This finding provides evidence in support of basal epithelial stem cells as one target cell for prostate cancer initiation and demonstrates the propensity of primitive cells for tumorigenesis.

show abstract

“…Similar observation was reported by several other authors. 12,[21][22][23] In a prostate cancer specimen, AR staining in the epithelium is heterogenous, with a marked decrease in ARpositive cells occurring in less differentiated tumors. 24 The possibility that increased heterogeneity of cellular staining may be present during hormonal therapy arose from our data.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Expression and somatic mutation on androgen receptor gene in prostate cancer

et al. 2002

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background : Lack of androgen receptor (AR) expression or mutation on the AR gene creates the tendency for androgen independence and progression of prostate cancer. However, the association between the progression and AR expression or mutations is still controversial. In this study, we evaluated the prognostic significance of AR expression and mutations in prostate cancers. Methods : Forty-two prostate adenocarcinomas and three lymph node metastatic lesions sampled prior to hormonal therapy were included in this study; AR expression was analyzed immunohistochemically using an antibody against AR and the result was scored as the percentage of AR-positive tumor cells in the total tumor cells. Polymerase chain reaction-single-strand conformational polymorphism (PCR-SSCP) analysis and DNA sequencing were used to detect AR mutations. Results : Our study revealed the average AR expression in the prostate adenocarcinoma was 52.2 ± 27.1%, which was significantly lower than that in the adjacent non-tumorous prostate tissue (68.3 ± 18.3% in average) ( P < 0.001). A significant correlation was obtained between progressionfree survival and AR expression ( P < 0.01). By SSCP analysis, three silent mutations (T649T, E709E and E711E) were detected in three separate prostate carcinomas. Conclusion : We conclude that AR expression is a useful prognostic indicator for tumor progression. Androgen receptor mutation may be an uncommon molecular event in untreated prostate cancer in Japanese men.

show abstract

Immunohistochemical study of androgen receptor in benign hyperplastic and cancerous human prostates

Cited by 82 publications

References 38 publications

Do neuroendocrine cells in human prostate cancer express androgen receptor?

Do neuroendocrine cells in human prostate cancer express androgen receptor?

Basal epithelial stem cells are efficient targets for prostate cancer initiation

Expression and somatic mutation on androgen receptor gene in prostate cancer

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About