Immunohistochemical localization of thyrotropin‐releasing hormone in the brain of chinook salmon (<i>oncorhynchus tshawytscha</i>)

Matz, Stuart P.; Takahashi, Terry T.

doi:10.1002/cne.903450205

Cited by 30 publications

(80 citation statements)

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“…TRH cells were located in the nucleus preopticus parvocellularis anterioris (PPa) and nucleus preopticus magnocellularis (PM). Matz and Takahashi (1994) have demonstrated the presence of TRH-ir cell bodies in the PM but not in the PPa in the chinook salmon. Lack of TRH-ir cell bodies in the PPa is possibly because they used the fish in March and April when the level of expression of TRH encoding gene may be low in the PPa region as shown in the sockeye salmon in February (Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

“…Because TRH-ir cells were shown to be dispersed within the preoptic area in the other classes of vertebrates (Lechan and Jackson, 1982;Seki et al, 1983;Jozsa et al, 1988), the distribution of TRH cells in the lateral border of the preoptic area may be unique to the salmon brain. In chinook salmon such tendency in the localization of TRH-ir cells in the PM was not mentioned (Matz and Takahashi, 1994).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…3a) corresponds to the distribution of TRH-ir cell bodies (Matz and Takahashi, 1994). TRH-ir cell bodies in the ICL have been suggested to contribute TRH fibers in the olfactory tracts, and to project to olfactory targets in the ventral telencephalon, the preoptic area and the hypothalamic regions, all of which are known to receive olfactory projections in teleosts (Matz and Takahashi, 1994). Therefore, TRH is considered to play a role in the olfactory system, may act as a transmitter or neuromodulator in the salmon brain.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This discrepancy might be due to the difference of animal stock. Hamano et al (1996) used a wild stock of the chum salmon during the spawning migration, while we and Matz and Takahashi (1994) used salmons fed in the hatchery. In homing salmon, activities and functions of TRH neurons in the olfactory bulb might be different from those in the salmon fed in hatchery.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Batten et al (1990) demonstrated a number of TRHir cells in the NRL, but only a few TRH-ir cells in the nucleus preopticus (PON) of sea bass. On the other hand, Matz and Takahashi (1994) showed the presence of TRH-ir cells in the olfactory bulb (OB), ventral telencephalon and the preoptic area in the brain of chinook salmon. The distribution of TRHir cells in the PON along with TRH-ir fibers in the hypothalamus and pituitary is consistent with the hypophysiotropic role of TRH.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Localization of mRNA Encoding Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone Precursor in the Brain of Sockeye Salmon

Ando

Urano

1998

Zoological Science

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ABSTRACT-The distribution of mRNA encoding thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) precursor in the brain of sockeye salmon was studied by in situ hybridization histochemistry using digoxigenin-labeled riboprobes as a basis to investigate its physiological functions in the salmon brain. Since seasonal variation in TRH gene expression was expected in relation to smolting or maturation, fish were sampled in February and October. In both groups, TRH mRNA was widely distributed in discrete brain regions including the internal cellular layer (ICL) of the olfactory bulb, postcommissural nucleus of area ventralis telencephali (Vp), nucleus preopticus parvocellularis anterioris (PPa), nucleus preopticus magnocellularis, dorsal zone of periventricular hypothalamus (Hd), torus semicircularis, and also the motor nucleus of vagus nerve in the medulla oblongata. TRH neurons in ICL and Hd are round and small with diameters of 5-10 µm. In contrast, TRH neurons in the ventral telencephalon and the preoptic area are medium-sized (10-20 µm), and appear to have multiple processes. Most of these cells are restrictively localized along the lateral margin of the preoptic nuclei. The number of TRH neurons in Vp and PPa was smaller in February than in October, suggesting a seasonal change of TRH neurons in the preoptic area. In the medulla oblongata, a cluster of large oval-shaped cells (20-30 µm) showed signals for TRH mRNA. The present results suggest that TRH may function as a neurotransmitter or neuromodulator involved in olfactory activity and also autonomic motor integration, in addition to neurohormonal control of secretion of pituitary hormones.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Localization of mRNA Encoding Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone Precursor in the Brain of Sockeye Salmon

Ando

Urano

1998

Zoological Science

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Development of thyrotropin-releasing hormone immunoreactivity in the brain of the brown troutSalmo trutta fario

Dı́az¹,

Becerra

Manso

et al. 2000

J. Comp. Neurol.

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The development and adult distribution of thyrotropin-releasing hormone-immunoreactive (TRHir) neurons in the brain of the brown trout, Salmo trutta fario, was studied with the streptavidin-biotin immunohistochemical method. Study of embryos, alevin, and juveniles revealed groups of TRHir neurons in the mesencephalon and rhombencephalon that have not been noted previously in adult teleosts. The earliest TRHir cells observed were those of the trigeminal motor nucleus, which expressed this substance only in embryos and alevins. In the forebrain, early-arising TRH populations were observed in the supra- and postcommissural region of the ventral telencephalic area, the anterior parvocellular preoptic nucleus, the organon vasculosum laminae terminalis, the magnocellular preoptic nucleus, the suprachiasmatic nucleus, and the posterior tuberal nucleus. TRHir cells of the olfactory bulb, abundant in the adult, appeared later. A small TRHir neuronal population was transiently observed in the habenula of alevins and juveniles. The laminar nucleus of the mesencephalon contained a small population of TRH cells in alevins and juveniles. In the isthmus, TRH was observed in cells of the interpeduncular nucleus, the nucleus isthmi, the dorsolateral tegmental nucleus, the superior reticular nucleus, and the central gray, although perikarya were TRHir only in alevin and/or juvenile stages. Some vagal motoneurons were TRHir from the late embryo stage onward. TRHir fibers were abundant in several forebrain regions of alevins and juveniles, including the medial region of the dorsal telencephalic area, the ventral telencephalic area and commissural region, the preoptic neuropil, the posterior tubercle, the anterior tuberal nucleus, and the posterior hypothalamic lobe. TRHir fibers invaded the neurohypophysis in early alevins, and their number increased subsequently to adulthood. The parvocellular superficial pretectal nucleus and the optic tectum received a rich TRHir innervation from juvenile stages onward. The interpeduncular nucleus and the secondary gustatory nucleus contained many TRHir fibers. In the rhombencephalon, TRHir fibers were scarce, except in the ventrolateral regions and the inferior olive. The distribution of TRHir fibers suggests that they were mainly related to hypophysiotropic and visceral centers, although the presence of TRH in centers related to the visual system indicates that TRH also plays other roles in the brain. We discuss the possibility that the strong expression of TRH in the embryonic trigeminal motoneurons plays a role in head morphogenesis.

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Comparison of the structure of step‐growth networks obtained by Monte Carlo simulation and branching theory

Hädicke

Stütz

2002

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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ABSTRACT:To facilitate the characterization of polymer networks, a comparison was made between branching theory and Monte Carlo simulations using an amine-cured epoxy as an example for step-growth polymer networks. The primary objective was the validation of the simulation results with the existing statistical theories by a crosscheck, to ensure that simulations can also be used for the characterization of real, highly complicated multicomponent systems, which are intractable by theories. Commercially available software was used for simulation; the theoretical calculations were performed using the approach of Macosko and Miller. In general, the results of both methods are consistent; the simulation revealed some uncertainties only in the vicinity of the gel point. Since the statistical theories have been validated experimentally, it may be concluded that the simulation can also successfully be used for the treatment of real, highly complicated multicomponent systems, which for practical purposes are intractable by statistical theories. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 85: 929 -935, 2002

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Immunohistochemical localization of thyrotropin‐releasing hormone in the brain of chinook salmon (oncorhynchus tshawytscha)

Cited by 30 publications

References 41 publications

Localization of mRNA Encoding Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone Precursor in the Brain of Sockeye Salmon

Localization of mRNA Encoding Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone Precursor in the Brain of Sockeye Salmon

Development of thyrotropin-releasing hormone immunoreactivity in the brain of the brown troutSalmo trutta fario

Comparison of the structure of step‐growth networks obtained by Monte Carlo simulation and branching theory

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