Immunohistochemical localization of neurotransmitters in the nervous system of larval Limulus polyphemus (Chelicerata, Xiphosura): evidence for a conserved protocerebral architecture in Euarthropoda

Harzsch, Steffen; Wildt, Miriam; Battelle, Barbara‐Anne; Waloszek, Dieter

doi:10.1016/j.asd.2005.01.006

Cited by 47 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 101 publications

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“…Our examination of myosin III expression confirms earlier findings from histamine immunohistochemistry (Harzsch et al, 2005b), in which fibers connecting the lamina and the medulla (associated with the lateral eyes) are arranged in a parallel array in the larvae. In adult L. polyphemus, however, the fibers that cross from the lamina to the medulla, that is, the axons from the rudimentary photoreceptors and the eccentric cells (not the retinular cells; , form an optic chiasma (Chamberlain and Barlow, 1982).…”

Section: Development Of the Optic Neuropilssupporting

confidence: 90%

“…These data supplement our earlier study in which we located histamine and other neurotransmitters in the central nervous system of L. polyphemus larvae (Harzsch et al, 2005b). Histamine-immunoreactive fibers in the larval median optic nerve, which presumably are the axons of the photoreceptors and arhabdomeric cells from the median ocelli, terminate in the ocellar ganglia.…”

Section: Development Of the Optic Neuropilssupporting

confidence: 88%

“…The first area is the central body (CB), which in this stage is shaped like a horseshoe ( Fig. 9A,B; compare Harzsch et al, 2005b). Proliferating cells associated with the central body are all of a uniform size (Fig.…”

Section: Relationship Of Eye Growth and Neurogenesis In The Optic Neumentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The structure of the lateral eyes has always played an important role in discussions of phylogenetic relationships of Arthropoda (recent contributions e.g., Melzer et al, 1997;Paulus, 2000, Dohle, 2001Richter, 2002;Mü ller et al, 2003;Bitsch and Bitsch, 2005;Harzsch et al, 2005b;Mü ller and Meyer-Rochow, 2006). Furthermore, in recent years, aspects of eye development emerge as important characters for phylogenetic analyses and, therefore, are examined in a variety of arthropods, including Crustacea (Harzsch et al, 1999;Melzer et al, 2000;Hafner and Tokarski, 2001;Harzsch and Walossek, 2001;Wildt and Harzsch, 2002), Hexapoda (Friedrich et al, 1996;Friedrich and Benzer, 2000;Friedrich, 2003), and Myriapoda .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evolution of arthropod visual systems: Development of the eyes and central visual pathways in the horseshoe crabLimulus polyphemusLinnaeus, 1758 (Chelicerata, Xiphosura)

Harzsch

Vilpoux

Blackburn

et al. 2006

Developmental Dynamics

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Despite ongoing interest into the architecture, biochemistry, and physiology of the visual systems of the xiphosuran Limulus polyphemus, their ontogenetic aspects have received little attention. Thus, we explored the development of the lateral eyes and associated neuropils in late embryos and larvae of these animals. The first external evidence of the lateral eyes was the appearance of white pigment spots-guanophores associated with the rudimentary photoreceptors-on the dorsolateral side of the late embryos, suggesting that these embryos can perceive light. The first brown pigment emerges in the eyes during the last (third) embryonic molt to the trilobite stage. However, ommatidia develop from this field of pigment toward the end of the larval trilobite stage so that the young larvae at hatching do not have object recognition. Double staining with the proliferation marker bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) and an antibody against L. polyphemus myosin III, which is concentrated in photoreceptors of this species, confirmed previous reports that, in the trilobite larvae, new cellular material is added to the eye field from an anteriorly located proliferation zone. Pulse-chase experiments indicated that these new cells differentiate into new ommatidia. Examining larval eyes labeled for opsin showed that the new ommatidia become organized into irregular rows that give the eye field a triangular appearance. Within the eye field, the ommatidia are arranged in an imperfect hexagonal array. Myosin III immunoreactivity in trilobite larvae also revealed the architecture of the central visual pathways associated with the median eye complex and the lateral eyes. Double labeling with myosin III and BrdU showed that neurogenesis persists in the larval brain and suggested that new neurons of both the lamina and the medulla originate from a single common proliferation zone. These data are compared with eye development in Drosophila melanogaster and are discussed with regard to new ideas on eye evolution in the Euarthropoda. Developmental Dynamics 235:2641-2655, 2006.

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Section: Development Of the Optic Neuropilssupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Development Of the Optic Neuropilssupporting

confidence: 88%

Section: Relationship Of Eye Growth and Neurogenesis In The Optic Neumentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evolution of arthropod visual systems: Development of the eyes and central visual pathways in the horseshoe crabLimulus polyphemusLinnaeus, 1758 (Chelicerata, Xiphosura)

Harzsch

Vilpoux

Blackburn

et al. 2006

Developmental Dynamics

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“…This set of characters provides strong arguments for a close phylogenetic relationship of Hexapoda and Malacostraca (Harzsch 2002b, Sinakevitch et al 2003, Strausfeld 2005. A conspicuous spindle-shaped heterolateral neuropil in 46 the protocerebrum, which is commonly referred to as the "central body", is also an important structure in neurophylogenetic considerations (Utting et al 2000, Harzsch and Glötzner 2002, Loesel et al 2002, Loesel 2004, Harzsch et al 2005b). The term "central complex" in the brain of the Mandibulata describes a complex assemblage of several neuropils: the protocerebral bridge, the central body with their associated neuron clusters, and other accessory neuropils such as the lateral lobes/ventral bodies/isthmus (Fig.…”

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confidence: 99%

Phylogenetisches Symposium Göttingen

Willmann¹,

Ökologie²

2008

Species, Phylogeny and Evolution - SPE

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Harzsch, S. The architecture of the nervous system provides important characters for phylogenetic reconbstructions: Examples from the Arthropoda 33Mayr, G. The contribution of fossils to the reconstruction of the higher-level phylogeny of birds 59Schneider, H. Plant morphology as the cornerstone to the integration of fossil and extant taxa in phylogenetic systematics 65 Die beiden ersten Beiträge von Tautz und Sudhaus nehmen eine Sonderstellung ein. Sie behandeln das Thema sehr umfassend und allgemein. Sie werfen die Frage nach dem Stellenwert und der Berechtigung morphologischer Forschung im phylogenetischen Rahmen auf. Sie fallen auch dadurch auf, dass sie nicht nur auf Deutsch gehalten wurden, sondern auch in dieser Sprache niedergeschrieben wurden. Selbstverständlich publiziert man heute auf Englisch, will man international wahrgenommen werden. Aber es muss auch möglich sein, wichtige Gedankengänge und Positionen in der Sprache auszudrücken, die man in ihren Feinheiten beherrscht und die möglicherweise auch andere außerhalb des wissenschaftlichen Zirkels erreicht.Diethard Tautz (Köln) referierte einleitend über das Thema "Morphologie versus DNA-Sequenzen in der Phylogenie-Rekonstruktion". Es war eine glückliche Wahl, Tautz als Redner vorzusehen. Er kommt von der Entwicklungsbiologie her und hat mit einigen Artikeln zur Molekularsystematik der Arthropoden Furore gemacht. Wie man besonders aus seinem bekannten Artikel in "Nature" (Friedrich & Tautz 1995) ersehen kann, hat er dabei die morphologischen Merkmale und Argumente und die möglichen Konflikte mit den molekularen Stammbäumen klar vor Augen. Tautz ist zur Zeit Präsident der Deutschen Zoologischen Gesellschaft (DZG) und war bis vor 4 kurzem Sprecher des DFG-Schwerpunkts "Evolution entwicklungsbiologischer Prozesse". Er kennt also die Strömungen in der Wissenschaftspolitik genau und weiß um die Geringschätzung der phylogenetisch orientierten Morphologie durch viele seiner Kollegen.In dem Vortrag wurden mehrere Thesen aufgestellt und sehr klar (und manchmal bewusst überspitzt) herausgearbeitet. Man hatte oft das Gefühl, dass bei den Zuhörern Kopfnicken und Stirnerunzeln abwechselten. Morphologen unterstellen den Molekularsystematikern leicht -ob zu Recht oder Unrecht sei dahingestellt -, dass sie, ähnlich wie manche Pattern-Cladisten, vielleicht nicht einmal Artbildung und Evolution als Grundvoraussetzung für ihre formalen Diagramme ansehen und dass sie ihre ständig wechselnden "Trees" eher als Spielmaterial, nicht als ein Ringen um die beste Annäherung an das wirkliche historische Geschehen betrachten. Da ist es eine große Erleichterung, aus berufenem Munde so klare und unzweideutige Aussagen zu hören wie: Es hat nur eine evolutionäre Historie gegeben, oder: Die Phylogenierekonstruktion ist eine zentrale Aufgabe der Evolutionsbiologie, oder: Es gibt keine hypothesenfreie Phylogenierekonstruktion.Ein wichtiges Anliegen des Vortrags war die These, dass es für die Herausbildung morphologischer und molekularer Merkmale, ihre Übereinstimmungen wie ihre Untersc...

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Patients' preferences for decision making and the feeling of being understood in the medical encounter among patients with rheumatoid arthritis

Ishikawa¹,

Hashimoto²,

Yano³

2006

Arthritis & Rheumatism

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Objective. To examine how patients' preferences for decision making in the medical encounter affect the association between their participation style and the feeling of being understood by the physician. Methods. The study group comprised 115 patients with rheumatoid arthritis who were under continuous care by 8 rheumatologists at a university-affiliated rheumatology clinic in Tokyo, Japan. A questionnaire was distributed just after each encounter, in which patients' self-reported participation in communication during the visit, preference for decision making, and the feeling of being understood were measured. The feeling of being understood was regressed on the participation style and preference for decision making after controlling for demographic and functional variables.

show abstract

Immunohistochemical localization of neurotransmitters in the nervous system of larval Limulus polyphemus (Chelicerata, Xiphosura): evidence for a conserved protocerebral architecture in Euarthropoda

Cited by 47 publications

References 101 publications

Evolution of arthropod visual systems: Development of the eyes and central visual pathways in the horseshoe crabLimulus polyphemusLinnaeus, 1758 (Chelicerata, Xiphosura)

Evolution of arthropod visual systems: Development of the eyes and central visual pathways in the horseshoe crabLimulus polyphemusLinnaeus, 1758 (Chelicerata, Xiphosura)

Phylogenetisches Symposium Göttingen

Patients' preferences for decision making and the feeling of being understood in the medical encounter among patients with rheumatoid arthritis

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