Immunohistochemical Localization of Carbonic Anhydrase Isoenzymes in Salivary Gland and Intestine in Adult and Suckling Pigs.

Amasaki, Tomoko; Amasaki, Hajime; Nagasao, Jun; Ichihara, Nobutsune; Asari, Masao; Nishita, Toshiho; Taniguchi, Kazumi; Mutoh, Ken-ichiro

doi:10.1292/jvms.63.967

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Immunostaining for the digestive enzymes, sucrase isomaltase (SIM) and carbonic anhydrase II (CAII) clearly demonstrates localization to the apical brush-border of the absorptive enterocytes in the small and large intestine, respectively. [47], [48]. There was no positive immunostaining of SIM in the colon or CAII in the small intestine indicating these antibodies are suitable to differentially distinguish between these two absorptive cell types (Figure 4).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cell Lineage Identification and Stem Cell Culture in a Porcine Model for the Study of Intestinal Epithelial Regeneration

et al. 2013

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Significant advances in intestinal stem cell biology have been made in murine models; however, anatomical and physiological differences between mice and humans limit mice as a translational model for stem cell based research. The pig has been an effective translational model, and represents a candidate species to study intestinal epithelial stem cell (IESC) driven regeneration. The lack of validated reagents and epithelial culture methods is an obstacle to investigating IESC driven regeneration in a pig model. In this study, antibodies against Epithelial Adhesion Molecule 1 (EpCAM) and Villin marked cells of epithelial origin. Antibodies against Proliferative Cell Nuclear Antigen (PCNA), Minichromosome Maintenance Complex 2 (MCM2), Bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) and phosphorylated Histone H3 (pH3) distinguished proliferating cells at various stages of the cell cycle. SOX9, localized to the stem/progenitor cells zone, while HOPX was restricted to the +4/‘reserve’ stem cell zone. Immunostaining also identified major differentiated lineages. Goblet cells were identified by Mucin 2 (MUC2); enteroendocrine cells by Chromogranin A (CGA), Gastrin and Somatostatin; and absorptive enterocytes by carbonic anhydrase II (CAII) and sucrase isomaltase (SIM). Transmission electron microscopy demonstrated morphologic and sub-cellular characteristics of stem cell and differentiated intestinal epithelial cell types. Quantitative PCR gene expression analysis enabled identification of stem/progenitor cells, post mitotic cell lineages, and important growth and differentiation pathways. Additionally, a method for long-term culture of porcine crypts was developed. Biomarker characterization and development of IESC culture in the porcine model represents a foundation for translational studies of IESC-driven regeneration of the intestinal epithelium in physiology and disease.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cell Lineage Identification and Stem Cell Culture in a Porcine Model for the Study of Intestinal Epithelial Regeneration

et al. 2013

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“…Rapid changes in the development of the various IEC subtypes have been documented during early intestinal development in several animal models78282930. Therefore, we next examined the impact of MFGM supplemented formula on the development of IECs.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Enterocytes were examined at the three intestinal sites by immunostaining for carbonic anhydrase-1 (CA-1), an electrolyte transporter2930. At both small intestinal sites, CA-1 staining patterns were quite similar between the three groups (Supplementary Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Milk Fat Globule Membrane Supplementation in Formula Modulates the Neonatal Gut Microbiome and Normalizes Intestinal Development

Bhinder

Allaire

Garcia

et al. 2017

Sci Rep

138

108

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Breast milk has many beneficial properties and unusual characteristics including a unique fat component, termed milk fat globule membrane (MFGM). While breast milk yields important developmental benefits, there are situations where it is unavailable resulting in a need for formula feeding. Most formulas do not contain MFGM, but derive their lipids from vegetable sources, which differ greatly in size and composition. Here we tested the effects of MFGM supplementation on intestinal development and the microbiome as well as its potential to protect against Clostridium difficile induced colitis. The pup-in-a-cup model was used to deliver either control or MFGM supplemented formula to rats from 5 to 15 days of age; with mother’s milk (MM) reared animals used as controls. While CTL formula yielded significant deficits in intestinal development as compared to MM littermates, addition of MFGM to formula restored intestinal growth, Paneth and goblet cell numbers, and tight junction protein patterns to that of MM pups. Moreover, the gut microbiota of MFGM and MM pups displayed greater similarities than CTL, and proved protective against C. difficile toxin induced inflammation. Our study thus demonstrates that addition of MFGM to formula promotes development of the intestinal epithelium and microbiome and protects against inflammation.

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“…In the past several years, the four original CA isoforms have expanded to 14 or more 40 . Immunohistochemistry has localized the isoforms to the basolateral membrane and CA II to the cytoplasm of duodenal epithelial cells 41,42 . As CAs facilitate cellular acidification in response to CO 2 , 43 their high expression in duodenum would appear to augment the already high acid stress placed on the mucosa by strong acid, consistent with their inhibition protecting against mucosal injury 44,45 …”

Section: Role Of Duodenum In Acid–base Balance and Luminal Chemosensingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review article: duodenal bicarbonate – mucosal protection, luminal chemosensing and acid–base balance

Kaunitz¹,

Akiba²

2006

Ali Pharm Thera Symp Ser

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Summary The duodenum serves as a buffer zone between the stomach and the jejunum. Over a length of only 25 cm, large volumes of strong acid secreted by the stomach must be converted to the neutral–alkaline chyme of the hindgut lumen, generating large volumes of CO2. The duodenal mucosa consists of epithelial cells connected by low‐resistance tight junctions, forming a leaky epithelial barrier. Despite this permeability, the epithelial cells, under intense stress from luminal mineral acid and highly elevated Pco2, maintain normal functioning. Bicarbonate ion uniquely protects the duodenal epithelial cells from acid‐related injury. The specific protective mechanisms likely involve luminal bicarbonate secretion, intracellular pH buffering and interstitial buffering. Furthermore, the duodenum plays an active role in foregut acid–base homeostasis, absorbing large amounts of H+ and CO2. We have studied mucosal protection and acid–base balance using live‐animal fluorescence ratio microimaging and by performing H+ and CO2 balance studies on duodenal perfusates. On the basis of these data, we have formulated novel hypotheses with regard to mucosal protection.

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Immunohistochemical Localization of Carbonic Anhydrase Isoenzymes in Salivary Gland and Intestine in Adult and Suckling Pigs.

Cited by 8 publications

References 16 publications

Cell Lineage Identification and Stem Cell Culture in a Porcine Model for the Study of Intestinal Epithelial Regeneration

Cell Lineage Identification and Stem Cell Culture in a Porcine Model for the Study of Intestinal Epithelial Regeneration

Milk Fat Globule Membrane Supplementation in Formula Modulates the Neonatal Gut Microbiome and Normalizes Intestinal Development

Review article: duodenal bicarbonate – mucosal protection, luminal chemosensing and acid–base balance

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