Abstract:ABSTRACT. The immunohistolocalization and gene expression of carbonic anhydrase (CA) isoenzymes CA-II and CA-VI in the canine lower airways and lung were examined using specific canine CA-II and CA-VI antisera and the RT-PCR method. Laryngeal, tracheal and bronchial epithelia, serous acinar and bronchiolar secretory cells and pulmonary great alveolar cells showed immunopositive reactions to anti-CA-II and anti-CA-VI antisera. However, all mucous cells showed immunonegative reactions. The physiological roles of… Show more
“…CAII and CA IV have been found in the canine airway epithelium, at different locations between the larynx and the alveolar compartment. While CAII is fairly evenly distributed in all compartments, CA IV expression is high in the laryngeal area and also prominent in the intrathoracic airways, mostly in the area of the carina and the lobar bronchi [43]. …”
The second messenger cAMP is integral for many physiological processes. Soluble adenylyl cyclase (sAC) was recently identified as a widely expressed intracellular source of cAMP in mammalian cells. sAC is evolutionary, structurally, and biochemically distinct from the G-protein-responsive transmembranous adenylyl cyclases (tmAC). The structure of the catalytic unit of sAC is similar to tmAC, but sAC does not contain transmembranous domains, allowing localizations independent of the membranous compartment. sAC activity is stimulated by HCO3-, Ca2+ and is sensitive to physiologically relevant ATP fluctuations. sAC functions as a physiological sensor for carbon dioxide and bicarbonate, and therefore indirectly for pH. Here we review the physiological role of sAC in different human tissues with a major focus on the lung.
“…CAII and CA IV have been found in the canine airway epithelium, at different locations between the larynx and the alveolar compartment. While CAII is fairly evenly distributed in all compartments, CA IV expression is high in the laryngeal area and also prominent in the intrathoracic airways, mostly in the area of the carina and the lobar bronchi [43]. …”
The second messenger cAMP is integral for many physiological processes. Soluble adenylyl cyclase (sAC) was recently identified as a widely expressed intracellular source of cAMP in mammalian cells. sAC is evolutionary, structurally, and biochemically distinct from the G-protein-responsive transmembranous adenylyl cyclases (tmAC). The structure of the catalytic unit of sAC is similar to tmAC, but sAC does not contain transmembranous domains, allowing localizations independent of the membranous compartment. sAC activity is stimulated by HCO3-, Ca2+ and is sensitive to physiologically relevant ATP fluctuations. sAC functions as a physiological sensor for carbon dioxide and bicarbonate, and therefore indirectly for pH. Here we review the physiological role of sAC in different human tissues with a major focus on the lung.
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