Immunohistochemical localisation of six glutathione S-transferases within the nasal cavity of the rat

Abstract

Many xenobiotics induce lesions within the nasal cavity of experimental animals which are site specific. This site selectivity may be due to regional deposition within the nasal cavity and/or the localisation of biotransformation enzymes. We have developed methodology which allows immunohistochemical localisation of xenobiotic biotransformation enzymes in transverse sections of the rat nasal cavity identical to those normally taken for pathological examination. We report the application of this methodology to six isoenzymes of the glutathione S-transferases (GSTs). All six isoenzymes were predominantly located within olfactory epithelium covering the ethmoturbinates (levels III and IV) and extending forwards into the dorsal meatus (level II). Squamous and transitional epithelia showed little or no staining while respiratory epithelium was weakly stained. Within the respiratory epithelium only the ciliated columnar cells and, to a lesser extent, some of the seromucous glands contained GSTs. Within olfactory epithelium the sustentacular cells, basal cells and subepithelial glands all stained positive for GSTs. The different cell types of olfactory epithelium preferentially express different GST isoenzymes: 1-1 and 2-2 were predominantly located in the subepithelial glands; 3-3, 4-4 and 8-8 in sustentacular and basal cells; 7-7 in basal cells.

Heat shock protein 70 in the rat nasal cavity: localisation and response to hyperthermia

“…Protein pellets were solubilised in 0.1 ml 10% sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS) and stored at )20°C. Whole heads were prepared for immunohistochemical examination as described previously (Banger et al 1994). After decalcification, heads were sectioned transversely into the four levels described by Young (1981) and were embedded in wax.…”

“…HSP70 was detected as described previously (Banger et al 1994) using primary and secondary antibodies diluted 1/1000 and 1/200, respectively, in 0.05 M Tris-HCl, pH 7.4. Sections were counterstained in Harris haemalum, dehydrated in graded alcohols, cleared in xylene and mounted in DPX mountant.…”

Immunohistochemical demonstration of salmon olfactory glutathione S-transferase class pi (N24) in the olfactory system of lacustrine sockeye salmon during ontogenesis and cell proliferation

“…Previous studies have shown high expression of GST protein and/or mRNA in the olfactory epithelium of rats (Banger et al 1993;Ben-Arie et al 1993). Immunoreactivities of GST were localized in the sustentacular cells and Bowman's gland of the olfactory epithelium in adult rats (Banger et al 1994) and rats during development (Krishna et al 1994). Our previous study reported that anosmia-induced rats (by zinc deficiency) showed decreased GST expression in the olfactory epithelium (Kudo et al 2000).…”

Expressions of the multidrug resistance-related proteins in the rat olfactory epithelium: A possible role in the phase III xenobiotic metabolizing function

“…Gene and protein expressions of MRP1 were preferentially localized in the supporting cells of the olfactory epithelia by both hisotochemical techniques. However, mammalian phase II enzymes, including glutathione S-transeferase (GST), were expressed in the supporting cells of olfactory epithelia [e.g., 3,18]. Our previous study demonstrated, zinc-deficient rats that exhibited olfactory dysfunction, a marked reduced expression of GST class mu at both mRNA and protein levels in supporting cells of olfactory epithelia [13].…”