Immunohistochemical levels of matrix metalloproteinase-2 and CD44 variant 6 protein in the diagnosis and lateral cervical lymph node metastasis of papillary thyroid carcinoma

Wu, Gang; Zhou, Yiming; Li, Tianyi; Guo, Jingjing; Zhou, Zhongwen

doi:10.1177/0300060513481923

Cited by 13 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…This increases the adhesion, growth, migration, and invasion of tumor cells, ultimately promoting tumor progression [24]. Studies showed that positive MMP-2 expression correlated with the level of CD44v6 protein, which plays a crucial role in tumor progression and may be a significant predictive factor for poor prognosis in cancer patients [25][26][27][28].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Expression of Novel CD44st and MMP2 in NSCLC Tissues and Their Clinical Significance

Zhang

Hai

et al. 2017

Oncol Res Treat

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Background: Abnormal expression of some CD44 molecules in tumor tissues can induce the degradation of the extracellular matrix, and is closely associated with axillary lymph node metastasis, angiogenesis, cancer progression, and drug resistance. Patients and Methods: We measured and confirmed the expression of CD44st and MMP2 mRNAs and proteins in the cancer tissues and adjacent normal tissues of postoperative non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with either adenocarcinoma (n = 72) or squamous cell carcinoma (n = 53) using quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, gene sequencing, and immunohistochemical analysis. Results: CD44st and MMP2 expression were closely associated with the histopathological classification, lymph node metastasis, and TNM stage of the tumors, and the difference was statistically significant (p < 0.05). The median overall survival (OS) for the high CD44st expression group was 30.52 months (95% confidence interval (CI) 24.02-36.15); for the low expression group it was 43.23 months (95% CI 31.81-52.02) (p = 0.020). The median OS for the high MMP-2 expression group was 30.53 months (95% CI 26.69-33.31); for the low expression group it was 40.06 months (95% CI 33.55-46.45) (p = 0.022). Conclusion: The rates of CD44st and MMP2 expression were higher in squamous cell carcinomas than in adenocarcinomas, were closely associated with lymph node metastasis and TNM stage, and affected patients' prognoses.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Expression of Novel CD44st and MMP2 in NSCLC Tissues and Their Clinical Significance

Zhang

Hai

et al. 2017

Oncol Res Treat

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“…CD44 is also involved in the regulation of the glycolytic pathway by modulating cellular reduced glutathione and contributes to antioxidant status and drug resistance in cancer cells [37]. In addition, several tumor-specific CD44 variants have been described in previous reports [38,39]; further study is necessary to determine which CD44 variant is expressed in NPC.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

CD44 Is Associated with the Aggressive Phenotype of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma through Redox Regulation

Lin

Hung

Chen

2013

IJMS

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Recent studies have shown that cancer stem-like cells (CSCs) within a tumor have the capacity for self-renewal and differentiation, and are associated with an aggressive phenotype and therapeutic resistance. Studies have also associated tumor progression with alterations in the levels of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS). In this study, we cultured nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) CSCs in conditions that allowed sphere formation. The resulting sphere cells displayed stemness properties, characteristics of the epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT), and increased expression of the CSC surface marker CD44. We further evaluated the association between CD44 expression and EMT marker expression, and any correlation with redox status, in these CSCs. We showed that the EMT in sphere cells is associated with the upregulation of CD44 expression and increased ROS generation, which might promote NPC aggressiveness. We also identified the coexpression of CD44 with the EMT marker N-cadherin in sphere cells, and downregulated CD44 expression after the addition of the antioxidant N-acetyl cysteine. Our results indicate that CD44 plays a role in the EMT phenotype of CSCs in NPC, and suggest its involvement in EMT-associated ROS production. These findings might facilitate the development of a novel therapy for the prevention of NPC recurrence and metastasis.

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“…It has been previously reported that thyroid cancer can stimulate the production of MMPs. Several studies have also found that PTC is associated with overexpression of MMP‐1, MMP‐2, MMP‐7, MMP‐9, and MMP‐13 . However, few studies have reported on the correlation between PTC and other MMPs or the regulatory mechanisms of MMP expression in PTC.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several studies have also found that PTC is associated with overexpression of MMP-1, MMP-2, MMP-7, MMP-9, and MMP-13. [11][12][13][14][15][16][17] However, few studies have reported on the correlation between PTC and other MMPs or the regulatory mechanisms of MMP expression in PTC. In the current study, we found that MMP-11 played an important role in the development of PTC.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

MMP‐11 promotes papillary thyroid cell proliferation and invasion via the NF‐κB pathway

Zhang

Dong

et al. 2018

J of Cellular Biochemistry

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Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is the most common form of thyroid cancer, and its incidence is on the rise. It has been reported that some matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are abnormally expressed in PTC and can be used as diagnostic markers. However, few studies have explored the underlying mechanisms by which MMPs promote tumor progression. In this study, we used microarray analysis to compare the variations of gene expression within the PTC cell populations and their adjacent normal tissues and found that MMP-11 was the most differentially expressed MMP. To investigate the role of MMP-11 in the mediation of thyroid cancer cell development, pEnter-MMP-11 plasmid, and MMP-11 small interfering RNA were applied to up- and downregulate MMP-11 expression of in cultured PTC cell lines K1 and BCPAP. The results suggested that the levels of proliferation and migration of cells transfected with MMP-11 siRNA were significantly reduced, while the levels in MMP-11-plasmid-transfected cells were increased. In terms of the mechanism, experimental data showed that the change in cyclin D1 is consistent with MMP-11 expression, which may explain the changes in proliferation. In addition, Western blot assay was conducted to analyze the p65 and activated (phospho-) p65 protein levels concomitant with MMP-11 adjustments. Variations in intracellular MMP-11 significantly altered the amount of phospho-p65 in thyroid cells, while p65 knockdown did not affect MMP-11 expression. These results suggest that MMP-11 is located upstream of p65 and regulates its activity. Interestingly, the data for the Transwell assay suggested that MMP-11 regulatory migration is also associated with the NF-κB p65 signaling pathway. In conclusion, this report describes the important role of MMP-11 in the regulation of thyroid cell proliferation and migration. Mechanistic studies have shown that cyclin D1 and p65 are important mediators in the processes, which provides a new way to study the mechanism of MMPs promoting the progression of thyroid cancer.

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Immunohistochemical levels of matrix metalloproteinase-2 and CD44 variant 6 protein in the diagnosis and lateral cervical lymph node metastasis of papillary thyroid carcinoma

Abstract: Both MMP-2 and CD44v6 might be useful tumour markers for predicting risk of lateral cervical LNM in patients with PTC.

Cited by 13 publications

References 30 publications

Expression of Novel CD44st and MMP2 in NSCLC Tissues and Their Clinical Significance

Expression of Novel CD44st and MMP2 in NSCLC Tissues and Their Clinical Significance

CD44 Is Associated with the Aggressive Phenotype of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma through Redox Regulation

MMP‐11 promotes papillary thyroid cell proliferation and invasion via the NF‐κB pathway

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