Immunohistochemical expression of paxillin in potentially malignant disorders and squamous cell carcinoma patients

Alam, Shakir; Astekar, Madhusudan; Sapra, Gaurav; Agarwal, Ashutosh; Agarwal, Aditi; Rao, Sowmya Gujjar Vishnu

doi:10.4103/jomfp.jomfp_187_21

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 21 publications

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“…Paxillin is a 68 kDa, phosphotyrosine-containing protein that may play a role in several signalling pathways [ 141 ]. The study by Alam et al [ 142 ] presented a statistically significant correlation between increased grades of oral dysplasia and expression of paxillin. Paxillin may play an important role in the pathogenesis of oral dysplasia and OSCC.…”

Section: Discussion Of Potential Immunohistochemical Biomarkers In Gr...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential Immunohistochemical Biomarkers for Grading Oral Dysplasia: A Literature Review

Zdrojewski,

Nowak,

Nijakowski

et al. 2024

Biomedicines

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Oral cancer is a prevalent global health issue, with significant morbidity and mortality rates. Despite available preventive measures, it remains one of the most common cancers, emphasising the need for improved diagnostic and prognostic tools. This review focuses on oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMDs), precursors to oral cancer, specifically emphasising oral epithelial dysplasia (OED). The World Health Organisation (WHO) provides a three-tier grading system for OED, and recent updates have expanded the criteria to enhance diagnostic precision. In the prognostic evaluation of OED, histological grading is presently regarded as the gold standard; however, its subjectivity and unreliability in anticipating malignant transformation or recurrence pose notable limitations. The primary objective is to investigate whether specific immunohistochemical biomarkers can enhance OED grading assessment according to the WHO classification. Biomarkers exhibit significant potential for comprehensive cancer risk evaluation, early detection, diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment optimisation. Technological advancements, including sequencing and nanotechnology, have expanded detection capabilities. Some analysed biomarkers are most frequently chosen, such as p53, Ki-67, cadherins/catenins, and other proteins used to differentiate OED grades. However, further research is needed to confirm these findings and discover new potential biomarkers for precise dysplasia grading and minimally invasive assessment of the risk of malignant transformation.

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Section: Discussion Of Potential Immunohistochemical Biomarkers In Gr...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential Immunohistochemical Biomarkers for Grading Oral Dysplasia: A Literature Review

Zdrojewski,

Nowak,

Nijakowski

et al. 2024

Biomedicines

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Evaluation of Paxillin Expression in Epithelial Dysplasia, Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma, Lichen Planus with and without Dysplasia, and Hyperkeratosis: A Retrospective Cross-Sectional Study

Aghili

Zare

Jahangirnia³

2023

Diagnostics

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Background: Paxillin is a cytoskeletal protein involved in the pathogenesis of several types of cancers. However, the roles of paxillin in epithelial dysplasia (ED), oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), oral lichen planus with dysplasia (OLPD), hyperkeratosis (HK), and oral lichen planus (OLP) have remained unnoticed in the literature. This study aimed to evaluate its attainable functions in the pathogenesis and malignant transformation of potentially malignant oral epithelium and benign lesions. Methods: In this retrospective cross-sectional study, paxillin expression was investigated in 99 tissue samples, including 18 cases of OSCC, 21 ED, 23 OLP, 21 OLPD, and 16 cases of HK. The tissue sections also underwent immunohistochemical paxillin staining using 3,3-diaminobenzidine (DAB) chromogen. The intensity, location, and percentage of staining were examined across all groups. Data were analyzed using the Shapiro–Wilk test, ANOVA, Pearson chi-square, Kruskal–Wallis, and Dunn’s post hoc test. Results: The cytoplasmic percentage and intensity staining of Paxillin expression were evident in the central/suprabasal and basal/peripheral layers of all the obtained samples. The final staining score was significantly higher in OSCC and dysplasia compared to HK and OLP (p = 0.004). It was found that paxillin expression is associated with the grade of dysplastic samples (p < 0.001). Conclusion: The present study provides evidence that paxillin may be involved in the pathogenesis of OSCC and the development and progression of dysplastic tissue, since the paxillin expression was higher than that of HK and OLP.

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Immunohistochemical expression of paxillin in potentially malignant disorders and squamous cell carcinoma patients

Cited by 2 publications

References 21 publications

Potential Immunohistochemical Biomarkers for Grading Oral Dysplasia: A Literature Review

Potential Immunohistochemical Biomarkers for Grading Oral Dysplasia: A Literature Review

Evaluation of Paxillin Expression in Epithelial Dysplasia, Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma, Lichen Planus with and without Dysplasia, and Hyperkeratosis: A Retrospective Cross-Sectional Study

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