Immunohistochemical expression of CD34 and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) in oral submucous fibrosis

Abstract

Background:Oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF) is an insidious chronic fibrotic condition that involves the oral mucosa and occasionally the pharynx and esophagus. Vascularity in OSMF has always been a matter of debate. The prevailing concept is that epithelial atrophy occurs due to lack of perfusion but the recent data challenges this concept. Therefore, the present study was conducted to evaluate the immunoreactivity of CD34 and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) in different histological grades of OSMF. This might further shed light to the role of microvasculature in OSMF, so that the epithelial atrophy and resultant malignant transformation seen in the advanced stages might be elucidated.Materials and Methods:A total of 30 cases of OSMF were included in the study and mean vascular density (MVD) was calculated using CD34 and bFGF. Five cases of OSMF with dysplasia and 2 cases of OSMF turning malignant were added during the course of the study.Results:Mean vascular density was found to decrease significantly as the diseases advanced. Furthermore, vascularity increased significantly in cases of OSMF turning towards malignancy.Conclusion:Our study supports the concept of epithelial atrophy aftermath of lack of perfusion. There is reduced vascularity as the disease advances and this denies the systemic absorption of carcinogens, which affects the already compromised epithelium. Consequently, liberation of angiogenic factors occurs because of malignant transformation, which explains the neoangiogenesis and increased vascularity in OSMF turning towards malignancy. Further studies are required to identify the mechanism leading to carcinogenesis in the atrophied epithelium aftermath of fibrosis and decreased vascularity.

Correlation Between MMP-7 and bFGF Expressions in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Tissue and Clinicopathologic Features

“…There were 37 cases (37/42) with positive expression in patients with lymphatic metastasis and 26 cases (26/48) with positive expression in patients without lymphatic metastasis, and the difference was statistically significant (v 2 = 12.279, P = 0.000 \ 0.05). (2) The mean intratumoral microvessel density (iMVD) was 46.2 ± 6.77 in the field of lung cancer tissue at high magnification under MMP-7-positive condition and 30.8 ± 7.54 in the field of lung cancer tissue at high magnification under MMP-7-negative condition, and the difference was statistically significant (t = 9.641, P = 0.000 \ 0.05). (3) The positive rate of bFGF was 12 % in normal tissue section and 63.3 % in non-small cell lung cancer tissue section, and the difference was statistically significant (v 2 = 34.222, P = 0.000 \ 0.05).…”

“…The biological characteristics of matrix metalloproteinase-7(MMP-7) are extensive substrate specificity and strong matrix degradation activity [1]. As an important vascular endothelial growth factor in the body, basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) is mainly used to enhance the chemical tendency of endothelial cells in the body [2] and to enhance vascular endothelial cell division, which plays an important role in the growth and recovery of capillaries in the body. In conventional clinical studies, only one of these two indicators is detected in the body of patients with non-small cell lung cancer [3].…”

FGFR1 amplification and FGFR gene fusion in resected squamous cell carcinoma of the lung

“…This result suggests that targeting the FGFR1 pathway might improve survival in patients with FGFR1 amplification who have resectable SCCL. Nowadays, several potent FGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors including BGJ398 and AZD4547 have been in early clinical research [21,22]. However, there are more gene alterations that were found to be correlated with prognosis in adenocarcinoma than in SCCL.…”

Oral submucous fibrosis: an update

“… 25 CD34 – a marker of mucosal vascular endothelium – and basic fibroblast growth factor are both increased in OSF and demonstrate an association to the stage of fibrosis. 26 …”