Immunohistochemical Examination of Pituitary Adenomas

Schatz, H.; Daun, M.; Leicht, R.; Stracke, H.; Saeger, Wolfgang; Zierski, J.

doi:10.1159/000180057

Cited by 8 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…These results might be due to the fact that immunostaining for a hormone may reflect a transitory state of intracellular storage and not secretory activity. [12][13][14][15]37 Similarly, a correlation between GH and PRL immunostaining and tissue concentrations of those hormones assessed by radioimmunoassay was reported in rat PAs. 22 Therefore, immunohistochemical analysis does not evaluate PA endocrine activity at a given time, but rather tissue storage, which could account for the fact that we found no correlation between lesion expression and peripheral levels of hormones.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

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Digital analysis of hormonal immunostaining in pituitary adenomas classified according to WHO 2017 criteria and correlation with preoperative laboratory findings

Tamanini¹,

Fabbro

Freitas³

et al. 2020

Neurosurgical Focus

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OBJECTIVEThe authors sought to evaluate clinical and laboratory data from pituitary adenoma (PA) patients with functioning PA (associated with acromegaly [n = 10] or Cushing disease [n = 10]) or nonfunctioning PA (NFPA; n = 10) that were classified according to 2017 WHO criteria (based on the expression of the transcription factors pituitary-specific positive transcription factor 1 [Pit-1], a transcription factor member of the T-box family [Tpit], and steroidogenic factor 1 [SF-1]) and to assess the immunostaining results for growth hormone (GH) and adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) in the corresponding tumors.METHODSClinical and laboratory data were collected retrospectively. The percentage of tumoral cells positive for Pit-1, Tpit, or SF-1 was assessed and ImageJ software was used to evaluate immunopositivity in PAs with 2 different antibodies against GH (primary antibody 1 [AbGH-1] and primary antibody 2 [AbGH-2]) and 2 different antibodies against ACTH (primary antibody 1 [AbACTH-1] and primary antibody 2 [AbACTH-2]).RESULTSCells with positive Pit-1 staining were more frequently observed in lesions from patients with acromegaly (acromegaly group) than in lesions from patients with Cushing disease (Cushing group; p < 0.001) and those from patients with NFPA (NFPA group; p < 0.001). The percentage of Tpit-positive cells was higher in the Cushing group than in the acromegaly (p < 0.001) and NFPA (p < 0.001) groups. No difference was detected regarding SF-1 frequency among all groups (p = 0.855). In acromegalic individuals, GH immunostaining levels varied depending on the antibody employed, and only one of the antibodies (AbGH-2) yielded higher values in comparison with the values for NFPA patients (p < 0.001). For all of the antibodies employed, no significant correlations were detected between GH tissue expression and the laboratory data (serum GH vs AbGH-1, p = 0.933; serum GH vs AbGH-2, p = 0.853; serum insulin-like growth factor–1 [IGF-1] vs AbGH-1, p = 0.407; serum IGF-1 vs AbGH-2, p = 0.881). In the Cushing group data, both antibodies showed similar ACTH tissue expression, which was higher than that obtained in the NFPA group (p < 0.001). There were no significant associations between ACTH immunohistochemical findings and ACTH serum levels (serum ACTH vs AbACTH-1, p = 0.651; serum ACTH vs AbACTH-2, p = 0.987). However, ACTH immunostaining evaluated with AbACTH-1 showed a significant correlation with 24-hour urinary cortisol (24-hour cortisol vs AbACTH-1, p = 0.047; 24-hour cortisol vs AbACTH-2, p = 0.071).CONCLUSIONSImmunostaining for Pit-1 and Tpit accurately identified lesions associated with acromegaly and Cushing disease, respectively. Conversely, SF-1 did not differentiate NFPA from lesions of the other two groups. Regarding hormonal tissue detection, results of the current investigation indicate that different antibodies may lead not only to divergent immunohistochemical results but also to lack of correlation with laboratory findings. Finally, PA classification based on transcription factor expression (Pit-1, Tpit, and SF-1), as proposed by the 2017 WHO classification of pituitary tumors, may avoid the limitations of PA classification based solely on digital immunohistochemical detection of hormones.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

“…The opposite finding, of no correlation, has also been described. 5,12,13,37 In one series, patients presenting with the highest ratios of PRL immunopositivity also showed the highest PRL serum levels. 35 A correlation between immunostaining for GH and its serum levels was reported by some research groups and not observed by others.…”

mentioning

confidence: 91%

Digital analysis of hormonal immunostaining in pituitary adenomas classified according to WHO 2017 criteria and correlation with preoperative laboratory findings

Tamanini¹,

Fabbro

Freitas³

et al. 2020

Neurosurgical Focus

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Associated Hypersecretion of Anterior Pituitary Hormones other than Growth Hormone in Acromegaly

et al. 1987

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Immunohistochemical colocalization of growth hormone (GH) and ? subunit in human GH secreting pituitary adenomas

Watanabe

1987

Vichows Archiv A Pathol Anat

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This immunohistochemical study disclosed that 9 of 15 GH secreting pituitary adenomas contained alpha subunit positive cells. These cases also contained PRL positive adenoma cells, but LH beta was negative. Of these 9 cases, 4 cases showed occasional FSH beta containing cells, 2 of these also contained a few TSH beta positive cells. By mirror section technique, variable numbers of adenoma cells were found to contain both GH and alpha subunit. Immunoelectron microscopically, both GH and alpha subunit were localized in secretory granules which suggested their co-release from the tumour cells. The presence of GH and alpha subunit in rough endoplasmic reticulum indicated their active production in the tumour. In the normal adult anterior pituitary gland, about 10% of GH cells contain FSH alpha, beta and LH beta subunits and had appearances suggesting the co-production of GH and FSH as well as LH. The colocalization of GH and FSH alpha is considered to be associated with the neoplastic transformation GH cells which possess the intrinsic potentiality of differentiation toward alpha subunit. However, the mechanism for the lack or deficiency of beta subunits in the neoplastic condition remains to be further investigated.

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Immunohistochemical Examination of Pituitary Adenomas

Cited by 8 publications

References 14 publications

Digital analysis of hormonal immunostaining in pituitary adenomas classified according to WHO 2017 criteria and correlation with preoperative laboratory findings

Digital analysis of hormonal immunostaining in pituitary adenomas classified according to WHO 2017 criteria and correlation with preoperative laboratory findings

Associated Hypersecretion of Anterior Pituitary Hormones other than Growth Hormone in Acromegaly

Immunohistochemical colocalization of growth hormone (GH) and ? subunit in human GH secreting pituitary adenomas

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