Immunohistochemical distinction between intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma and pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma

Lok, Terry; Chen, Lihong; Lin, Fan; Wang, Hanlin L.

doi:10.1016/j.humpath.2013.10.004

Cited by 70 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 28 publications

(47 reference statements)

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“…Its overexpression has been observed in more than 90% of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas, [162][163][164][165][166][167] 76% of gallbladder adenocarcinomas, 168 and 76% to 92% of adenocarcinomas of extrahepatic bile ducts. 165,169,170 Interestingly, the frequency of S100P overexpression is much lower in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinomas, seen in only 27% in one study 167 and 48% in another study. 165 Malignant cells typically show strong nuclear or strong nuclear and cytoplasmic immunoreactivity, whereas benign epithelial cells are either completely nonreactive or show focal/patchy nuclear staining that is weaker in intensity compared with malignant cells (Figure 11, A).…”

Section: Immunomarkers To Distinguish Pancreaticobiliary Adenocarcinomentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cytoplasmic positivity has been demonstrated in 71% to 97% of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas in various studies including cytology specimens, 162,167,[172][173][174][175][176][177] 82% of gallbladder adenocarcinomas, 168,178 and 50% to 92% of a d enoca rcino ma s o f ex tr a hep a tic b ile ducts. 169,170,[178][179][180] Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinomas also overexpress IMP3 at a high frequency (82%-90%), 167,181 but lower frequencies (37%-41%) are also reported. 178,182 In our experience, the greatest advantage of IMP3 is its high specificity for malignancy (Figure 11, B).…”

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confidence: 99%

“…167,188 Malignant cells typically show strong and diffuse nuclear and cytoplasmic Figure 11. A bile duct biopsy shows strong nuclear and cytoplasmic positivity for S100P (A) and cytoplasmic staining for IMP3 (B) in suspicious cells, whereas benign biliary epithelium is negative for both markers.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…190 Loss of its membranous and cytoplasmic immunoreactivity is seen in more than 95% of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas, 162,163,167 52% to 94% of gallbladder adenocarcinomas, 168,191 and 92.5% of adenocarcinomas of extrahepatic bile ducts, 169 but in only 29% of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinomas. 167 pVHL immunostaining on bile duct biopsies can be difficult to interpret. In one of our studies, 171 reduced immunoreactivity, instead of completely negative staining, was observed in suspicious cells in one-half of malignant cases.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Practical Immunohistochemistry in Neoplastic Pathology of the Gastrointestinal Tract, Liver, Biliary Tract, and Pancreas

Wang¹,

Kim²,

Koo³

et al. 2017

Archives of Pathology &Amp; Laboratory Medicine

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Context.— Immunomarkers with diagnostic, therapeutic, or prognostic values have been increasingly used to maximize the benefits of clinical management of patients with neoplastic diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, liver, biliary tract, and pancreas. Objectives.— To review the characteristics of immunomarkers that are commonly used in surgical pathology practice for neoplasms of the gastrointestinal tract, liver, biliary tract, and pancreas, and to summarize the clinical usefulness of immunomarkers that have been discovered in recent years in these fields. Data Sources.— Data sources include literature review, authors' research data, and personal practice experience. Conclusions.— Immunohistochemistry is an indispensable tool for the accurate diagnosis of neoplastic diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, liver, biliary tract, and pancreas. Useful immunomarkers are available to help distinguish malignant neoplasms from benign conditions, determine organ origins, and subclassify neoplasms that are morphologically and biologically heterogeneous. Specific immunomarkers are also available to help guide patient treatment and assess disease aggressiveness, which are keys to the success of personalized medicine. Pathologists will continue to play a critical role in the discovery, validation, and application of new biomarkers, which will ultimately improve patient care.

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Section: Immunomarkers To Distinguish Pancreaticobiliary Adenocarcinomentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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Practical Immunohistochemistry in Neoplastic Pathology of the Gastrointestinal Tract, Liver, Biliary Tract, and Pancreas

Wang¹,

Kim²,

Koo³

et al. 2017

Archives of Pathology &Amp; Laboratory Medicine

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“…Better biomarkers are needed for the early detection of CCA. Immunohistochemical methods can be used to distinguish intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma and pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma [22]. The measurement of volatile organic compounds in biliary fluid is emerging as a possible method for diagnosing CCA in patients with PSC [23].…”

Section: Diagnosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Emerging therapies for the treatment of cholangiocarcinoma

Turbeville

Hornfeldt²,

Javle

et al. 2017

Int J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Dis

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Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a cancer arising from the epithelium of intrahepatic or extrahepatic bile ducts. Cholangiocarcinoma often has a poor prognosis due to late diagnosis and the incidence and mortality rate of intrahepatic CCA appear to be increasing. Current therapies include surgical resection, orthotopic liver transplantation, chemotherapy/ chemoradiation and palliative care. Depending on the location, the 5-year survival for CCA ranges from 27-60%. Emerging new therapies are currently being developed for treating CCA include immunotherapy, altering the tumor microenvironment, targeting growth factor gene mutations and signal pathways and that control tumor growth, and targeting gene therapy. The objective of this paper is to summarize the research that is currently ongoing for treating this challenging disease.

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Significance of S100P as a biomarker in diagnosis, prognosis and therapy of opisthorchiasis‐associated cholangiocarcinoma

Boonmars

Nagano

et al. 2015

Intl Journal of Cancer

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Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a malignancy of bile duct with the difficulty in early diagnosis, poor prognosis and less alternation in therapy. S100P is a member of S100 family proteins and plays important roles in cancers. We investigated the S100P expression and its correlation with clinicopathology in 78 cases of opisthorchiasis-associated CCA, and the effects of S100P knockdown with shRNA interference on the proliferation, cell cycle, migration, apoptosis and sensitivity to anti-cancer drug. Extremely high expression of S100P mRNA was detected in the CCA tumor tissues. The increased S100P protein expression was immunohistochemically confirmed and localized in the CCA cytoplasm and/or nuclei as well as in the hyperneoplasia and dysplasia bile ducts, but not in normal bile ducts. The intensity of immunostaining was correlated with survival, tumor stage and metastasis, and the high expression could be an independent prognostic factor. High levels of S100P were detected in the serum and bile fluid of CCA patients. The shRNA-mediated knockdown of S100P expression inhibited the proliferation in vitro and in vivo, and migration of CCA cells, arrested cell cycle with the up-regulated expression of cell cycle arrest related factors, p21, p27, GADD45A, and 14-3-3 zeta. S100P knockdown also promoted CCA cell apoptosis by up-regulating expression of apoptosis related factors, DR5, TRADD, caspase 3 and BAX, and increased the sensitivity of CCA cells to the chemotherapeutic agents sunitinib and apigenin. Taken together, this study indicates that S100P might be a promising biomarker for the diagnosis, prognosis and therapy of CCA.Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a malignancy arising from bile ducts. Although it is rare, the incidence and mortality of the cancer have been increasing worldwide over the past decades, while the prognosis is remained dismal and substantially unchanged.1 Because of the lack of the method of early diagnosis, most of patients, when diagnosed, are incurable advanced and metastatic; their 5-year survival rate is extremely low. Chronic inflammation is one of important risks of CCA tumorigenesis, including Opisthorchis viverrini infection. Clear relationship between O. viverrini infection and CCA incidence has been demonstrated.2,3 The epidemiological investigations have indicated the astonished high incidence of CCA in opisthorchiasis endemic areas, especially in northeast of Thailand where both opisthorchiasis prevalence and CCA incidence are the highest in the world. 4,5 Serious O. viverrini infection, the lack of early diagnostic methods and poor prognosis of CCA put the millions of people at the risk of CCA in endemic areas. Although many efforts have been made, the biomarkers for diagnosis, prognosis and therapy of CCA are still quite limited. Therefore, it is urgent to delve into the tumorigenesis mechanism and develop novel biomarkers for the early diagnosis, prognosis, and therapy of the opisthorchiasis-associated CCA.Our previous cDNA microarray analysis showed that some of S100 proteins were up-re...

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Immunohistochemical distinction between intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma and pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma

Cited by 70 publications

References 28 publications

Practical Immunohistochemistry in Neoplastic Pathology of the Gastrointestinal Tract, Liver, Biliary Tract, and Pancreas

Practical Immunohistochemistry in Neoplastic Pathology of the Gastrointestinal Tract, Liver, Biliary Tract, and Pancreas

Emerging therapies for the treatment of cholangiocarcinoma

Significance of S100P as a biomarker in diagnosis, prognosis and therapy of opisthorchiasis‐associated cholangiocarcinoma

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