Immunohistochemical differentiation of metastatic tumours

A possible ovarian carcinoma metastatic in the mandible: diagnostic perspectives

“…Further immunostaining demonstrated p53 and Wilms' tumour (WT)‐1 immunoreactivities (Fig. F‐2I), and on this basis, a diagnosis of metastatic ovarian serous carcinoma, possibly serous, was suggested. Serous ovarian carcinomas are regarded as usually CEA negative and diffusely WT‐1 positive, which contrasts with our findings.…”

“…Second, the lack of thyroid transcription factor 1 immunoreactivity did not support a thyroid or lung primary, and the CK7 and CK20 profile (Table ) was inconsistent with colorectal carcinoma. On the other hand, the CK profile together the finding of cancer antigen 125, and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) expression tipped the scales towards an origin from the genital tract. Further immunostaining demonstrated p53 and Wilms' tumour (WT)‐1 immunoreactivities (Fig.…”

“…Breast, which for women heads the list of malignancies that metastasize to jaws, was first considered and excluded on the basis of absence of hormone receptors and cytokeratin (CK) 14. Second, the lack of thyroid transcription factor 1 immunoreactivity did not support a thyroid or lung primary, and the CK7 and CK20 profile (Table ) was inconsistent with colorectal carcinoma. On the other hand, the CK profile together the finding of cancer antigen 125, and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) expression tipped the scales towards an origin from the genital tract.…”

“…Reviews of the literature on jaw metastases have been published and provide useful information on gender, age, site of metastasis in jaw and site of the primary tumour. Despite advances in imaging and diagnostic immunohistochemistry, individual cases can be a diagnostic challenge, particularly when the jaw lesion is the sole presenting manifestation of disease. The authors had recently the opportunity of meeting such a challenge that was considered of interest and is reported herein.…”

The challenge of NSCLC diagnosis and predictive analysis on small samples. Practical approach of a working group

“…IHC strategies for elucidating an extra-thoracic primary site for carcinoma metastatic to the lung will depend on the appraisal of the pathologist, based on clinical information and the tumour morphology. The unnecessary or inappropriate pursuit or exclusion of a diagnosis of extra-thoracic carcinoma, metastatic to lung can potentially waste a great deal of time, laboratory resources and valuable tissue, since many options are possible and specificity is notoriously low [52]. Reflex testing to differentiate primary from secondary tumour manifestations in the lung without further clinical information should not be performed.…”