Immunohistochemical Detection of Macrophages in the Short-finned Pilot Whale (Globicephala macrorhynchus) and Risso's Dolphin (Grampus griseus)

Kawashima, Maki; Nakanishi, Masayoshi; Kuwamura, Mitsuru; Takeya, Motohiro; Yamate, Jyoji

doi:10.1016/s0021-9975(03)00066-5

Cited by 13 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…We have previously reported that macrophages in short-finned pilot whales and Risso's dolphins could be detected with SRA-E5 [11]. In this study, the immunohistochemistry with SRA-E5 showed the cross-reactivity to other three species of cetaceans in Delphinidae (bottlenose dolphin and pantropical spotted dolphin) and Ziphiidae (Baird's beaked whale).…”

Section: Histopathlogical Findings In Liverssupporting

confidence: 52%

“…Some investigators have been interested in the immune system of marine mammals, because such animals may be exposed to environmental contaminants and infectious agents [12,19]. Previously, we reported that the distribution of resident macrophages of whole body in short-finned pilot whales and Risso's dolphins was similar fundamentally to that in the terrestrial mammals [11]. However, detailed distribution and morphology of hepatic macrophages remained to be investigated.…”

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confidence: 97%

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Distributive and Phagocytic Characteristics of Hepatic Macrophages in Five Cetaceans belonging to Delphinidae and Ziphiidae

Kawashima

Nakanishi

Kuwamura

et al. 2004

The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science

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ABSTRACT. Details of morphology and distribution of hepatic macrophages in cetaceans were investigated using the immunohistochemistry with an antibody (SRA-E5) generated against human macrophage scavenger receptor antigen. Liver samples were obtained from five species of cetaceans (Baird's beaked whales, short-finned pilot whales, Risso's dolphins, bottlenose dolphins, and pantropical spotted dolphins). Except for two species of whales, the number of SRA-E5-positive Kupffer cells was greatest in the perivenous zone (zone 3), followed by the mid-zonal (zone 2) and periportal (zone 1) zones; this distribution pattern was different from that in cattle examined here and previously reported rodents with the highest number in zone 1. The frequency of Kupffer cell in each of zones was significantly different among species, and interestingly, the total mean of the Kupffer cell number in three zones increased as the body-lengt h of species was small. In cetaceans, Kupffer cells in zone 1 appeared larger and more stellate in shape, whereas those in zone 3 were smaller and rounder. All cetaceans but Baird's beaked whales had the black pigment-containing Kupffer cells, with the greatest number i n zone 3, and macrophages with the similar pigments were also seen in the hepatic intermediate septa, indicating an active phagocytosis. Most of the black pigments were considered to be lipofuscin and such pigments were not seen in the bovine livers. These results indi cate that cetacean hepatic macrophages show differences in the distribution and phagocytosis among hepatic lobular zones, or between cetacean species and terrestrial animals.

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Section: Histopathlogical Findings In Liverssupporting

confidence: 52%

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confidence: 97%

Distributive and Phagocytic Characteristics of Hepatic Macrophages in Five Cetaceans belonging to Delphinidae and Ziphiidae

Kawashima

Nakanishi

Kuwamura

et al. 2004

The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science

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“…derV erlustbestimmterL ymphozytensubpopulationen werdeni mV erlauf voni mmunsuppressiven, entzündlichenu nd neoplastischen Erkrankungenb eobachtet ( 42). ZurV ereinheitlichung werdenh umane Oberflächenantigene in internationalen (20,21). Die γδ-Formdes T-Zell-Rezeptors(TCR) findetsichauf 31% derB lutlymphozytend es Belugawales.…”

Section: Immunphänotypisierungvon Lymphatischen Zellen Und Organenunclassified

Das Immunsystem der marinen Säugetiere

Beineke¹,

Siebert²,

Baumgärtner³

2006

Tierarztl Prax Ausg K

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ZusammenfassungDie Morphologie der primären und sekundären lymphatischen Organe von Walen und Delphinen zeigt weitreichende Homologien zu denen terrestrischer Säugetiere. Es finden sich jedoch artspezifische anatomische Besonderheiten, wie beispielsweise die komplexen lymphoepithelialen Drüsen im Kehlkopf der Cetaceen (Waltiere), die eine Anpassung an den marinen Lebensraum darstellen. Weiterhin müssen physiologische Veränderungen, wie die altersabhängige Thymusatrophie und Zystenbildungen in der “analen Tonsille” der Waltiere, bei der Interpretation pathologischer Befunde dieser lymphatischen Einrichtungen mit berücksichtigt werden. Der Einsatz von spezifischen Leukozytenmarkern ermöglicht die nähere Charakterisierung von immunologischen und entzündlichen Reaktionen auf zellulärer Ebene. Mittels Durchflusszytometrie und Immunhistologie können so verschiedene T-und B-Zell-Subpopulationen sowie antigenpräsentierende Zellen der Wale und Delphine phänotypisiert werden. Für diese Tierarten liegen jedoch bisher nur wenige Berichte über kreuzreagierende oder speziesspezifische Antikörper vor. Pathologische Veränderungen in lymphatischen Organen finden sich infolge von verschiedenen neoplastischen und infektiösen Erkrankungen. In diesem Zusammenhang kommt es im Verlauf der verheerenden Morbillivirus-Seuchenzüge unter anderem zur generalisierten lymphatischen Depletion der infizierten Meeressäuger. Weiterhin führen chronische Erkrankungen und Abmagerung zum Verlust von Immunzellen und damit zu einer verminderten Resistenz gegenüber opportunistischen Infektionen. Neuere Studien geben vermehrt Hinweise auf die immuntoxische Wirkung verschiedener Schadstoffe in der Umwelt und die daraus resultierende Immunsuppression bei Walen, Delphinen und Robben.

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“…For immunohistochemistry, a monoclonal antibody (SRA-E5; CD204) against human macrophage scavenger receptor type I protein antigen was used to detect cetacean pulmonary macrophages. 13,[17][18][19] Sections were immunolabeled by the avidin-biotin complex (ABC) method (VECTAS-TAIN UNIVERSAL Elite ABC KIT, Vector Laboratories, Burlingame, CA). Positive reactions were observed to be brown with 3,3Ј-diaminobenzidine (DAB).…”

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Morphologic Characteristics of Pulmonary Macrophages in Cetaceans: Particular Reference to Pulmonary Intravascular Macrophages as a Newly Identified Type

et al. 2004

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Abstract. We examined the morphologic characteristics of pulmonary macrophages in 42 specimens of Odontoceti (Globicephala macrorhynchus, Grampus griseus, Tursiops truncatus, Stenella attenuata, Stenella coeruleoalba, Berardius bairdii), using light and electron microscopes as well as immunohistochemistry with SRA-E5. SRA-E5-positive alveolar macrophages and pulmonary interstitial macrophages contained graphitic soots, indicating the clearance of airborne, aspirated foreign bodies. Pulmonary intravascular macrophages (PIMs), positive with SRA-E5, were present within pulmonary capillaries, attaching to applied endothelial cells by cell junctions. They showed cytoplasmic tubular structures of micropinocytosis vermiformis and erythrophagocytosis, indicating their contributory role in the clearance of blood-borne particles. The uptake of pathogens by PIMs may be associated with the inducement of acute lung injury, especially bacterial infectious pneumonia. This study revealed for the first time the presence of PIMs in cetaceans.Key words: Cetaceans; lung; morphology; pulmonary intravascular macrophage.Pathogens flowing in the blood stream, such as bacteria and endotoxins, aged erythrocytes, and cellular debris, are rapidly removed by macrophages. According to the mononuclear phagocyte system (MPS) theory, macrophages are mononuclear cells derived from the bone marrow, are resident cell types in contact with the blood circulatory system, and play an important role in host defenses. 1,21 Interestingly, it has been reported that MPS-derived cells, called pulmonary intravascular macrophages (PIMs), exist within pulmonary capillaries in the order Artiodactyla (cattle, goats, sheep, deer, and swine), in the order Perissodactyla (horses and burros), and in cats. 2,7,21 To our knowledge, however, there have been no reports on PIMs in cetaceans. We examined the detailed morphologic characteristics of resident macrophages in the lungs of cetaceans. This article is the first description of PIMs in cetaceans.We examined lung samples from 42 animals of Odontoceti caught for the purpose of fisheries by small-type whaling or hand-harpoon fisheries off the coast of Wakayama and Chiba prefectures in 2001-2003, Japan. Specimens comprised 16 Globicephala macrorhynchus, 12 Grampus griseus, six Tursiops truncatus, three Stenella attenuata, two Stenella coeruleoalba, and three Berardius bairdii (Table 1). These samples were provided for our study by the National Research Institute of Far Seas Fisheries, Japan. The age class (adult or immature) of animals was estimated on the basis of standard body length measurements. [8][9][10][11][12]14,15 One or two pieces (4 cm 3 ) of lungs were fixed by immersion in 10% neutral buffered formalin and Zamboni's solution and then embedded in paraffin. For light microscopy, sections were stained with hematoxylin and eosin (HE) and Berlin blue stain. The formalin-fixed lung tissues of G. macrorhynchus and G. griseus were postfixed in 1% osmium tetroxide and embedded in epoxy resin. Ultrathin sections wer...

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Immunohistochemical Detection of Macrophages in the Short-finned Pilot Whale (Globicephala macrorhynchus) and Risso's Dolphin (Grampus griseus)

Cited by 13 publications

References 20 publications

Distributive and Phagocytic Characteristics of Hepatic Macrophages in Five Cetaceans belonging to Delphinidae and Ziphiidae

Distributive and Phagocytic Characteristics of Hepatic Macrophages in Five Cetaceans belonging to Delphinidae and Ziphiidae

Das Immunsystem der marinen Säugetiere

Morphologic Characteristics of Pulmonary Macrophages in Cetaceans: Particular Reference to Pulmonary Intravascular Macrophages as a Newly Identified Type

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