Immunohistochemical Characterization of Macrophage and Dendritic Cell Subpopulations of the Spleen, Thymus, Tongue and Heart in Cyclophosphamide‐induced Immunosuppressed Rat

Abstract

This study was undertaken to investigate the immunohistochemical characterization of different subpopulations of macrophages and dendritic cells (DCs) of the spleen, thymus, tongue and heart in cyclophosphamide (CY)-induced immunosuppressed rat. After CY treatment, remarkably, ED1+, ED2+ and ED3+ macrophage subpopulations, in general exhibited signs of cellular activation such as an increase in number and size of cell, and an upregulation of the ED1, ED2 and ED3 reactive surface molecule expression in all the organs studied, except for some macrophage subpopulations including ED1+ macrophages in the non-lymphoid tissues. Subpopulations of DCs showed a differential sensitivity to CY. Lymphoid DCs were more sensitive to CY than non-lymphoid interstitial DCs. CY induced a conspicuous upregulation of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) expression in the vascular endothelial cells, splenic marginal zone and thymic cortex. In this study, we demonstrated the in vivo effects of CY treatment on subpopulations of macrophages and DCs as well as on ICAM-1 expression in the rat spleen, thymus, tongue and heart. Moreover, our results shed more light on the activation effects of CY on certain subpopulations of macrophages, on the differential sensitivity of DCs to CY between the immature and mature ones, on the functional role of different subpopulations of macrophages, and on the significance of upregulated ICAM-1 expression in the splenic marginal zone and thymic cortex after CY treatment.

AM-3K, an Anti-macrophage Antibody, Recognizes CD163, a Molecule Associated with an Anti-inflammatory Macrophage Phenotype

“…Its function has remained unknown until recently, when CD163 was identified as a scavenger receptor for haptoglobinhemoglobin complexes (hemoglobin scavenger receptor) (Kristiansen et al 2001). Because CD163 expression is induced by interleukin (IL)-6, IL-10, and glucocorticoid (Sulahian et al 2000;Schaer et al 2001) but is downregulated by lipopolysaccharide and interferon-g (IFNg), it is thought to be one of the molecules associated with an anti-inflammatory macrophage phenotype (Buechler et al 2000;Sulahian et al 2000;Hintz et al 2002;Yoon et al 2003).…”

“…) but is downregulated by lipopolysaccharide and interferon-g (IFNg), it is thought to be one of the molecules associated with an anti-inflammatory macrophage phenotype (Buechler et al 2000;Sulahian et al 2000;Hintz et al 2002;Yoon et al 2003).…”

Resident cardiac macrophages: crucial modulators of cardiac (patho)physiology

“…Other common macrophage markers in human, mouse, and rat are CD68 [ 20 , 29 , 46 , 112 ], MerTK (myeloid-epithelial-reproductive tyrosine kinase) [ 38 ], Mac-3 [ 70 ], galactose-specific lectin 3 (Galectin 3) [ 85 ] and CD163 [ 1 , 29 ], these markers, however, do not discriminate between resident and non-rMacs. Other options are F4/80 [ 8 , 105 ] which is mouse-specific and CD169 [ 29 , 112 ] or CD64 [ 38 ] used for rat and mouse tissue [ 6 , 98 ]. In human specimens, EMR1 (epidermal growth factor-like module-containing mucin-like hormone receptor-like 1) is the homolog of F4/80, and it labels both macrophages and granulocytes [ 4 , 48 ].…”

Eosinophilic pustular folliculitis induced by chemotherapy

“…8 In contrast cyclophosphamide induces up-regulation of ICAM-1 expression in these cells. 9 Furthermore, 5-fluorouracil synergistically induces ICAM-1 expression in squamous cell carcinoma cell lines. 10 To date none of these cytotoxic agents have been reported to cause EPF.…”