Immunohistochemical analysis on the expressions of maturation associated antigens, Fcγ receptors and CD14 in normal and diseased human liver macrophages

Tomita, Minoru; Yamamoto, Kazuhide; Kobashi, Haruhiko; Ohmoto, Masaki; Tsuji, Takao

doi:10.1016/0928-4346(94)90058-2

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…• "Thin"-extended cytoplasm [32] • "Round"-larger cells with round cytoplasm [32] • 5 subsets defined by varying endogenous peroxidase activity and levels of endoplasmic reticulum [86] • Minimal functional experimental evidence on liver macrophages • Liver Macrophages appear to be predominantly tolerogenic in nature, with a regulatory and scavenging role [41,57,69,89] • Function inferred through observations of variable expression of antigen presenting molecules [72], lectins [33,49,55,69,92], Fc Receptors, complement receptors [70], low co-stimulatory marker expression [77] and inhibitory markers such as Z39Ig [89] Perisinusoidal [78] • [101] Tolerogenic in nature • Lower expression of costimulation markers compared to spleen [98] • Produce IL-10 on LPS stimulation [98] • Stimulate T-cells that are IL-10 producing and hypo-responsive on re-stimulation [98] • Produce higher numbers of FoxP3 + Treg cells on naïve T cell stimulation [98] • Weak MLR response compared to blood [98] Portal tract [103] • divided into subsets with different potential for antigen presentation, motility, and cytokine production, all of which can help determine the nature of the immune system's response [17]. A particular complicating factor in the case of the liver is that circulating monocytes also traffic through the sinusoids, and distinguishing between in transit monocyte subsets and other MPS subsets is an evolving science [17].…”

Section: Morphologically Definedmentioning

confidence: 98%

The immunophenotype of antigen presenting cells of the mononuclear phagocyte system in normal human liver – A systematic review

Strauß

Dunbar

Bartlett

et al. 2015

Journal of Hepatology

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The mononuclear phagocytic system (MPS), comprised of monocytes, macrophages, and dendritic cells, is essential in tissue homeostasis and in determining the balance of the immune response through its role in antigen presentation. It has been identified as a therapeutic target in infectious disease, cancer, autoimmune disease and transplant rejection. Here, we review the current understanding of the immunophenotype and function of the MPS in normal human liver. Using well-defined selection criteria, a search of MEDLINE and EMBASE databases identified 76 appropriate studies. The majority (n=67) described Kupffer cells (KCs), although the definition of KC differs between sources, and little data were available regarding their function. Only 10 papers looked at liver dendritic cells (DCs), and largely confirmed the presence of the major dendritic cell subsets identified in human blood. Monocytes were thoroughly characterized in four studies that utilized flow cytometry and fluorescent microscopy and highlighted their prominent role in liver homeostasis and displayed subtle differences from circulating monocytes. There was some limited evidence that liver DCs are tolerogenic but neither liver dendritic cell subsets nor macrophages have been thoroughly characterized, using either multi-colour flow cytometry or multi-parameter fluorescence microscopy. The lobular distribution of different subsets of liver MPS cells was also poorly described, and the ability to distinguish between passenger leukocytes and tissue resident cells remains limited. It was apparent that further research, using modern immunological techniques, is now required to accurately characterize the cells of the MPS in human liver.

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Section: Morphologically Definedmentioning

confidence: 98%

The immunophenotype of antigen presenting cells of the mononuclear phagocyte system in normal human liver – A systematic review

Strauß

Dunbar

Bartlett

et al. 2015

Journal of Hepatology

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“…Two studies have detected the upregulation of CD14 expression on macrophages (marker of macrophage activation) in active hepatitis 3235 36 This upregulation was shown to be directly related to the degree of liver injury 33. In addition, an increase in CD68 (universal marker for monocyte/macrophage lineage35) positive macrophage density has been found to be associated with increased liver damage in HCV infection 28…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Increases in intrahepatic CD68 positive cells, MAC387 positive cells, and proinflammatory cytokines (particularly interleukin 18) in chronic hepatitis C infection

McGuinness

D²,

Davies³

et al. 2000

Gut

170

122

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Background-Upregulation of Th1 associated intrahepatic cytokines in chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection should lead to a significant non-specific cellular immune response, a prerequisite for viral clearance. However, to date, the role of this non-specific response in HCV has been understudied. Aims-To analyse the intrahepatic macrophage activity in chronic HCV infection by immunostaining and by quantitation of cytokine mRNA. Methods-HCV positive liver tissues (chronic hepatitis, n=10; cirrhosis, n=5) were immunostained for CD68, MAC387, and semiquantitated by polymerase chain reaction for intrahepatic cytokine mRNAs (interferon (IFN ), interleukin 1 (IL-1 ), IL-6, IL-18, tumour necrosis factor (TNF ), and macrophage inflammatory protein 1 (MIP1 )). HCV negative normal liver tissues (for cytokines, n=6; for immunostaining, n=5) were included as controls. Results-MAC387+ cells were focally increased in areas of erosion at the limiting plate while lobular staining was minimal. CD68 + staining was diVuse in both portal (increased in HCV) and lobular areas. The portal tract (mean) density of CD68 + and MAC387 + cells was significantly increased in patients with HCV compared with normal tissue. IFN and IL-18 mRNA levels were highly correlated and significantly upregulated in chronic hepatitis and cirrhotic tissue versus controls. TNF mRNA was upregulated in chronic hepatitis without cirrhosis, while IL-6 mRNA was significantly downregulated. IL-1 , IL-6, and MIP1 mRNA levels were significantly correlated with portal tract MAC387 + cell density. Conclusions-The significant upregulation of IFN and IL-18 mRNA and significant correlations between IFN and other proinflammatory cytokines, suggest a Th1/cell mediated intrahepatic immune response in chronic HCV infection. However, further clarification of the cellular sources of these cytokines is required. (Gut 2000;46:260-269)

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Immunohistochemical analysis on the expressions of maturation associated antigens, Fcγ receptors and CD14 in normal and diseased human liver macrophages

Cited by 2 publications

References 8 publications

The immunophenotype of antigen presenting cells of the mononuclear phagocyte system in normal human liver – A systematic review

The immunophenotype of antigen presenting cells of the mononuclear phagocyte system in normal human liver – A systematic review

Increases in intrahepatic CD68 positive cells, MAC387 positive cells, and proinflammatory cytokines (particularly interleukin 18) in chronic hepatitis C infection

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