Immunoglobulins of the Human Amniotic Fluid

Quan, Canh P.; Forestier, F.; Bouvet, Jean‐Pierre

doi:10.1111/j.1600-0897.1999.tb00094.x

Cited by 16 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 24 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Most of the IgG in the blood of newborns is maternal in origin, with a rise in serum IgG in the fetus occurring in parallel with a rise of IgG in amniotic fluid (2,3). Because the majority of placental transfer of IgG via the FcRn in the syncytiotrophoblast occurs after 22 wk, it is possible that an earlier transfer also takes place from swallowed amniotic fluid via an FcRn in the fetal intestine (2,3).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Caco2 cell line was purchased from the American Type Culture Collection (Manassas, VA, U.S.A.). Caco2 cells were grown in 10% FBS, 2 mM glutamine, 0.1 mM nonessential amino acids, 100,000 U/L penicillin, 100 mg/L streptomycin, and 10 mM HEPES buffer solution under a humidified atmosphere at 37°C and 5% CO 2 …”

Section: Human Cell Linesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This rise in serum IgG in the fetus occurs in parallel with the rise in IgG in amniotic fluid, with highest concentrations reached between 15 and 33 wk, around the time when the fetus begins to swallow (2,3). Because the major placental transfer of IgG via the FcRn occurs after 22 wk, it is possible that an earlier transfer from swallowed amniotic fluid may occur via the fetal intestine (2,3).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Distribution of the IgG Fc Receptor, FcRn, in the Human Fetal Intestine

Shah¹,

Dickinson²,

Blumberg³

et al. 2003

Pediatric Research

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The intestinal Fc receptor, FcRn, functions in the maternofetal transfer of gamma globulin (IgG) in the neonatal rodent. In humans, most of this transfer is presumed to occur in utero via the placenta. Although the fetus swallows amniotic fluid that contains immunoglobulin, it is unknown whether this transfer also occurs via the fetal intestine. A human FcRn has been identified in the syncytiotrophoblast that mediates the maternofetal transfer of antibody. It has also been identified in human fetal intestine and is postulated to function in IgG transport. We hypothesize that the human fetal intestinal FcRn may play a role in IgG transport from the amniotic fluid into the fetal circulation. The aim of this study was to characterize the distribution of the FcRn along the human fetal intestine. Lysates prepared from human fetal intestine and from a nonmalignant human fetal intestinal epithelial cell line (H4) were subjected to Western blot analysis and probed using anti-FcRn antibodies. A 42-kD band, consistent with the known molecular weight of the FcRn, was detected along the human fetal intestine and in H4 cells. Expression of the human FcRn was confirmed with immunohistochemistry. Our study demonstrates the expression of FcRn along the human fetal intestine and in a human nonmalignant fetal intestinal epithelial cell line (H4), which by location indicates that FcRn could play a role in the uptake and transport of IgG in the human fetus.Humoral immunity acquired via maternofetal transfer of antibody is critical in the prevention of perinatal infections. In rodents, this transfer occurs through the yolk sac and the intestine via a Fc receptor for IgG (FcRn). This receptor has been considered important in the maternofetal transmission of IgG in the yolk sac of mice and rats and also in the human placental syncytiotrophoblast (1). The FcRn is also expressed in the small intestine of suckling mice and rats, where the receptor functions in the uptake of IgG from ingested maternal milk. Although a FcRn has been demonstrated on the human fetal small intestine, a similar function for this receptor in the human fetal intestine has not been demonstrated to date.The acquisition of humoral immunity early in life may have a significant lifelong impact on the prevention of infectious and inflammatory diseases. Because IgG synthesis in the human fetus is reduced, most IgG in the blood of newborns is maternal in origin. Low levels of IgG

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Human Cell Linesmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Distribution of the IgG Fc Receptor, FcRn, in the Human Fetal Intestine

Shah¹,

Dickinson²,

Blumberg³

et al. 2003

Pediatric Research

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Intestinal expression of FcRn is already detected at week 18 of gestation [32] and is maintained through childhood and adult life. Since the presence of IgG in amniotic fluid is detected from week 12 [30], it is possible that these transfer mechanisms operate during fetal life. After birth, enterocytes are important in the transfer of passive immunity from mother's milk to offspring.…”

Section: Intestinal Epithelium Development and Onset Of Innate Immunementioning

confidence: 98%

“…The SC and J chain are detected during development at about week 4 with a widespread distribution, including the gastrointestinal, respiratory and urogenital tracts [28]. Although massive secretion of IgA arises in the neonatal period [29], the early expression of SC accounts for the low amount of secretory Ig in amniotic fluid [30]. On the other hand, IECs express the neonatal Fc receptor (FcRn) on the brush border of the proximal small intestine that participates in IgG transfer through the epithelial barrier.…”

Section: Intestinal Epithelium Development and Onset Of Innate Immunementioning

confidence: 99%

Intestinal epithelial barrier and mucosal immunity

Rumbo

Schiffrin

2005

CMLS, Cell. Mol. Life Sci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Intestinal mucosa integrates primary digestive functions with immune functions such as pathogen surveillance, antigen transport and induction of mucosal immunity and tolerance. Intestinal adaptive immunity is elicited in organized mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (O-MALT) that is composed of antigen-presenting cells and lymphocytes and achieved by effector cells widely distributed in mucosa (diffuse MALT or D-MALT). Interaction between the intestinal epithelium, the O-MALT and the diffuse MALT plays a critical role in establishing an adequate immune response. In regions associated to O-MALT, lympho-epithelial cross-talks lead to acquisition of a specific epithelial phenotype that contributes to O-MALT organization and functionality. Beyond the expression of several innate immune functions, the intestinal epithelium may directly take up and present antigens due to the expression of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) and MHC-related molecules. A complex genetic program that will be outlined in the present review controls the development of immune functions of the intestinal epithelium. The effect of environmental signals on the modulation of this ontogenetic program during development and neonatal life, from bioactive components of amniotic fluid to lactation and bacterial colonization, will be discussed.

show abstract