Immunoglobulin M, A, and G antibody response to lipopolysaccharide O antigen in symptomatic and asymptomatic Shigella infections

Cohen, Dani; Block, Colin; Green, M S; Lowell, George H.; Ofek, Itzhak

doi:10.1128/jcm.27.1.162-167.1989

Cited by 92 publications

(84 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…The relationship between specific serum antibody levels and disease severity has been found in other bacterial and viral infections (24,45). In previous studies of Shigellu-specific antibody responses, only the Ig class, expressed as relative titres, has been reported (6,10,40,43,58), and the relationship between antibody levels and disease severity in natural infection has not been well characterized. In a vaccine study, volunteers who had a clinically more severe response also had higher humoral antibody levels (14), and in a recent report the serum level of anti-LPS IgA was shown to correlate with oral temperature in shigellosis (32).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Semiquantitative estimation of Shigella antigen‐specific antibodies: correlation with disease severity during shigellosis

Islam

Wretlind

Hammarström

et al. 1996

APMIS

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Systemic and mucosal antibody responses during shigellosis were analysed and correlated with clinical severity. Patients infected with Shigella dysenteriae type 1 (SDIP), and S. flexneri (SFIP) were grouped according to disease severity. The disease was more severe in SDIP than in SFIP. Higher levels of Shigella antigen-specific serum antibodies were associated with severe disease. In contrast, decreased serum levels of IgG, IgM and total protein were associated with severe disease. Faecal levels of total IgA, secretory IgA, albumin, and LPS specific s-IgA were increased in severe disease. The results of the study indicate that the level of humoral immune response correlates with the disease severity in shigellosis and that the local immune system in the mucosa is directly engaged in the response. This is also reflected at the systemic level by increased serum levels of specific antibodies and non-specific inflammatory parameters.

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confidence: 99%

Semiquantitative estimation of Shigella antigen‐specific antibodies: correlation with disease severity during shigellosis

Islam

Wretlind

Hammarström

et al. 1996

APMIS

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“…Several assays can be considered as immunological functional readouts to determine effectiveness of antibodies raised upon vaccination, like opsonophagocytosis or serum bactericidal assay, to determine cell-mediated and cell-independent bactericidal activity of antibodies respectively (20). Although not being an established correlate of protection for Shigella effectiveness, ability to cause complement mediated killing has been assessed several times in sera both from convalescent patients and from vaccinated individuals (3, 4, 7). An in vitro assay to assess complement mediated killing represents a key indication of functional activity of antibodies raised upon vaccination with Shigella vaccine candidates, and this assay is traditionally represented by the SBA.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although several approaches have been tried during the years by several groups worldwide, no vaccines are licensed yet. Among the different approaches used to produce Shigella vaccines, many of the candidate vaccines target the serotype-specific O-Antigen (OAg) part of the lipopolysaccharide (LPS), as OAg has been identified as a key antigen recognized by the immune system after natural infection (3). In fact, although multiple immune mechanisms may provide protection against Shigella and are not yet fully elucidated, it is well established that antibodies directed to OAg can fix complement and kill target bacteria in a serotype-specific manner (3, 4).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intralaboratory evaluation of luminescence based high-throughput Serum Bactericidal Assay (L-SBA) to determine bactericidal activity of human sera againstShigella

Rossi

Molesti

Saul

et al. 2020

Preprint

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17Despite the huge decrease in deaths caused by Shigella worldwide in the last decades, shigellosis is 18 still causing over 200,000 deaths every year. No vaccine is currently available, and the morbidity of 19 disease coupled with the rise of antimicrobial resistance renders the introduction of an effective 20 vaccine extremely urgent. Although a clear immune correlate of protection against shigellosis has not 21 been established yet, the demonstration of bactericidal activity of antibodies induced upon 22 vaccination may provide one means of functionality of antibodies induced on protecting against 23 Shigella. The method of choice to evaluate the complement-mediated functional activity of vaccine-24 induced antibodies is the Serum Bactericidal Assay (SBA). 25Here we present the development and intra-laboratory characterisation of a high-throughput 26 luminescence-based SBA (L-SBA) method, based on the detection of ATP as a proxy of surviving 27 bacteria, to evaluate the complement-mediated killing of human sera. We demonstrated the high 28 specificity of the assay against homologous strain without any heterologous aspecificity detected 29 against species-related and not species-related strains. We assessed linearity, repeatability and 30 reproducibility of L-SBA on human sera. 31This work will guide the bactericidal activity assessment of clinical sera raised against S. sonnei. The 32 method has the potential of being applicable with similar performances to determine bactericidal 33 activity of any non-clinical and clinical sera that rely on complement mediated killing. 34 35 IMPORTANCE 36Shigella is an important cause of diarrhoea worldwide and antimicrobial resistance is on rise, thus 37 efforts by several groups are ongoing to produce a safe and effective vaccine against shigellosis. 38Although a clear immune correlate of protection has not been established, demonstration of 39 bactericidal capacity of sera from patients immunised with Shigella vaccines may provide one means 40 characterisation L-SBA on human sera of protecting against shigellosis. We have developed and fully characterised a novel high-throughput 41 L-SBA method for evaluation of functionality of antibodies raised against S. sonnei in human sera. 42This work will allow the clinical testing of human sera raised against GMMA-based and potentially 43 all vaccines producing antibodies than can work via complement mediated manner. 44 45 46 47 48 Diarrheal diseases, such as shigelloses and salmonelloses, are the second leading cause of death 49 worldwide, resulting in millions of deaths per year, mostly in developing countries (1). Shigella is 50 major cause of sustained endemic bacterial diarrhoea, especially in low and middle-income countries 51 where accessibility to clean water is restricted. Although the improvement of hygienic conditions in 52 the last decade has dramatically reduced the burden of the disease, Shigella is still responsible for 53 more than 200,000 deaths, with a third of them being in young children (1). On top of deaths...

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“…A few studies have been published where the serological response in Shigella patients has been studied. Cohen et al [15] showed by ELISA that, in paired serum samples from 13 S. flexneri patients, 15.4% showed a significant antibody rise against S. sonnei LPS, also mentioning that part of the population was probably previously exposed to S. sonnei.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Shigella-specific IgA in saliva of children with bacillary dysentery

Schultsz

1992

FEMS Microbiology Letters

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Immunoglobulin M, A, and G antibody response to lipopolysaccharide O antigen in symptomatic and asymptomatic Shigella infections

Cited by 92 publications

References 11 publications

Semiquantitative estimation of Shigella antigen‐specific antibodies: correlation with disease severity during shigellosis

Semiquantitative estimation of Shigella antigen‐specific antibodies: correlation with disease severity during shigellosis

Intralaboratory evaluation of luminescence based high-throughput Serum Bactericidal Assay (L-SBA) to determine bactericidal activity of human sera againstShigella

Shigella-specific IgA in saliva of children with bacillary dysentery

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