Immunoglobulin isotypes of anti-Trichomonas vaginalis antibodies in patients with vaginal trichomoniasis

Wos, S M; Watt, Robert M.

doi:10.1128/jcm.24.5.790-795.1986

Cited by 11 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…This is in accordance with the results from other laboratories [ 17 – 19 ], from which a prominent increase of IgG1 was also detected. However, although T. vaginalis antibodies were frequently detected in patients, protection by these immunoglobulins was not found [ 25 , 41 , 42 ]. Therefore, to our knowledge, the exact function of immunoglobulins in host protection against T. vaginalis remains unclear.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recombinant α-actinin subunit antigens of Trichomonas vaginalis as potential vaccine candidates in protecting against trichomoniasis

Xie

Gao

et al. 2017

Parasites Vectors

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BackgroundHuman trichomoniasis caused by Trichomonas vaginalis is one of the most common sexually transmitted diseases with more than 200 million cases worldwide. It has caused a series of health problems to patients. For prevention and control of infectious diseases, vaccines are usually considered as one of the most cost-efficient tools. However, until now, work on the development of T. vaginalis vaccines is still mainly focused on the screening of potential immunogens. Alpha-actinin characterized by high immunogenicity in T. vaginalis was suggested as a promising candidate. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the protective potency of recombinant α-actinin against T. vaginalis infection in a mouse intraperitoneal model.MethodsTwo selected coding regions of α-actinin (ACT-F, 14–469 aa and ACT-T, 462–844 aa) amplified from cDNA were cloned into pET-32a (+) expression vector and transfected into BL21 cells. After induction with IPTG and purification with electroelution, the two recombinant fusion proteins were emulsified in Freund’s adjuvant (FA) and used to immunize BALB/C mice. Following intraperitoneal inoculation with T. vaginalis, the survival rate of mice was monitored for the assessment of protective potency. After immunization, the antibody level in mouse serum was assessed by ELISA, splenocyte proliferation response was detected with CCK8 and cytokines in the supernatant of splenocytes were quantified with a cytometric bead-based assay.ResultsWe successfully obtained purified ACT-F (70.33 kDa) and ACT-T (61.7kDa). Both recombinant proteins could provide significant protection against T. vaginalis challenge, especially ACT-T (with 100% protection within one month). Meanwhile, high levels of specific total IgG and subtypes (IgG1 > IgG2a) were detected in sera from the immunized mice. Our results also revealed a statistically significant increase in splenocyte proliferation and related cytokine (IFN-γ, IL-6, IL-17A and IL-10) production after repeated stimulation with the corresponding antigens in vitro.ConclusionsImmunization with both ACT-F and ACT-T could confer partial to complete protection and trigger strong Th1/Th2 mixed humoral and cellular immune responses in the mouse host. This suggested that recombinant α-actinin subunit antigens may be promising vaccine candidates against trichomoniasis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recombinant α-actinin subunit antigens of Trichomonas vaginalis as potential vaccine candidates in protecting against trichomoniasis

Xie

Gao

et al. 2017

Parasites Vectors

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show abstract

“…Immunity has been difficult to produce in vivo, since in humans, repeated infections with T. vaginalis do not confer immune protection (4,126). Despite this, antibodies can be found in the serum (64,100,265,275,312) and vaginal secretions (196,275,277,313) of infected individuals and a cell-mediated immune response is also invoked (175,313).…”

Section: Vaccination and Immunitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical and Microbiological Aspects ofTrichomonas vaginalis

et al. 1998

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SUMMARY Trichomonas vaginalis, a parasitic protozoan, is the etiologic agent of trichomoniasis, a sexually transmitted disease (STD) of worldwide importance. Trichomoniasis is the most common nonviral STD, and it is associated with many perinatal complications, male and female genitourinary tract infections, and an increased incidence of HIV transmission. Diagnosis is difficult, since the symptoms of trichomoniasis mimic those of other STDs and detection methods lack precision. Although current treatment protocols involving nitroimidazoles are curative, metronidazole resistance is on the rise, outlining the need for research into alternative antibiotics. Vaccine development has been limited by a lack of understanding of the role of the host immune response to T. vaginalis infection. The lack of a good animal model has made it difficult to conduct standardized studies in drug and vaccine development and pathogenesis. Current work on pathogenesis has focused on the host-parasite relationship, in particular the initial events required to establish infection. These studies have illustrated that the pathogenesis of T. vaginalis is indeed very complex and involves adhesion, hemolysis, and soluble factors such as cysteine proteinases and cell-detaching factor. T. vaginalis interaction with the members of the resident vaginal flora, an advanced immune evasion strategy, and certain stress responses enable the organism to survive in its changing environment. Clearly, further research and collaboration will help elucidate these pathogenic mechanisms, and with better knowledge will come improved disease control.

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“…Serologic tests have confirmed the presence of specific anti-T. vaginalis immunoglobulin M (IgM), IgG, and IgA, but with no specific protective role being identified to date (10,18,40,41,45). Although antitrichomonal antibody has been demonstrated in human cervicovaginal secretions by various immunological methods (31,37,41,42,46), there is no evidence that local vaginal immunoglobulins play a role in protection from T. vaginalis infection.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Inducible immunity to Trichomonas vaginalis in a mouse model of vaginal infection

et al. 1996

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We studied the protective effect of subcutaneous immunization with Trichomonas vaginalis in a mouse model of vaginal infection. BALB/c mice were immunized with various doses of T. vaginalis (4.5 ؋ 10 5 , 9 ؋ 10 6 , and 1 ؋ 10 8 organisms per ml) suspended in Freund's complete adjuvant 56 days prior to vaginal infection and were given booster injections of the same doses of T. vaginalis in Freund's incomplete adjuvant 4 weeks later. Control mice were immunized and given booster injections of phosphate-buffered saline suspended in Freund's complete and incomplete adjuvants. The mice were tail bled and vaginal washes were performed at weekly intervals for 4 weeks to determine the isolation of T. vaginalis and the serum and vaginal antibody reactivity. Mice which had been immunized and given booster immunizations had significantly fewer intravaginal infections and had increased serum and vaginal antibody responses compared with those of control mice (P < 0.01). Mice that were vaginally infected, treated with metronidazole, and then reinfected vaginally did not develop protective immunity. Subcutaneous immunization with whole T. vaginalis organisms appears to confer protection against intravaginal challenge with T. vaginalis, protection which is not achieved as a result of prior vaginal infection.

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Immunoglobulin isotypes of anti-Trichomonas vaginalis antibodies in patients with vaginal trichomoniasis

Cited by 11 publications

References 22 publications

Recombinant α-actinin subunit antigens of Trichomonas vaginalis as potential vaccine candidates in protecting against trichomoniasis

Recombinant α-actinin subunit antigens of Trichomonas vaginalis as potential vaccine candidates in protecting against trichomoniasis

Clinical and Microbiological Aspects ofTrichomonas vaginalis

Inducible immunity to Trichomonas vaginalis in a mouse model of vaginal infection

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