Immunoglobulin classes of Aleutian disease virus antibody

Abstract

Aleutian disease virus (ADV) persistently infects mink and causes marked hypergammaglobulinemia. Immunoglobulin class-specific antisera were used to define the total immunoglobulin of each class by radial immunodiffusion and the immunoglobulin class of ADV-specific antibody by immunofluorescence in experimentally and naturally infected mink. Electrophoretic gamma globulin closely reflects the immunoglobulin G (IgG) level in mink, and the majority of the increased immunoglobulin and ADV antibody in infected mink is IgG. IgM becomes elevated within 6 days after infection, reaches peak levels by 15 to 18 days, and returns to normal by 60 days after infection. The first ADV antibody demonstrable is IgM, and most mink have virus-specific IgM antibody for at least 85 days postinfection. Serum IgA levels in normal mink are not normally distributed, and ADV infection causes a marked elevation of IgA. Low levels of ADV-specific IgA antibody can be shown throughout the course of infection. Failure of large amounts of virus-specific IgG antibody to inhibit the reaction of virus-specific IgM and IgA antibodies suggests that the various classes of antibodies are directed against spatially different antigenic determinants. The IgM and IgA were shown not to be rheumatoid factors.

Restricted Heterogeneity of the Early Antibody Response to Aleutian Disease Virus in Mink Kits

“…However, we were not able to detect any rocket precipitates when we analysed the sera from the mink kits. This is in accordance with the finding of Porter et al (17) that mink kits younger than 60 days only have trace amounts of IgA.…”

“…The mean values of IgM and IgG in sera from adult mink have been reported to be 0.23 f 0.12 mg/ml for IgM and 4.80 f 2.14 for IgG (17). The average lengths of IgG and IgM rockets of a panel of I 0 0 sera from adult non-infected mink were designed to be in accordance with the published values.…”

Pathogenesis of Aleutian mink disease parvovirus infection: effects of suppression of antibody response on viral mRNA levels and on development of acute disease

“…Antiserum production and characterization. Rabbit antibody to mink IgM was prepared as described previously (61). The antiserum was rendered mu chain specific by absorption with a mink IgG-bovine serum albumin copolymer (17) until no reaction with the light chains of mink IgG could be demonstrated by immunoelectrophoresis or double diffusion in agar (61).…”

“…Rabbit antibody to mink IgM was prepared as described previously (61). The antiserum was rendered mu chain specific by absorption with a mink IgG-bovine serum albumin copolymer (17) until no reaction with the light chains of mink IgG could be demonstrated by immunoelectrophoresis or double diffusion in agar (61). The IgG fraction of this rabbit antiserum was prepared by three precipitations at half saturation with (NH4)2SO4, dialysis of the precipitate against 0.0175 M sodium phosphate buffer (pH 7.0), and application and elution of the protein on a column of DE-52 cellulose (Whatman), using the same buffer.…”

“…Normal rabbit IgG was prepared in a similar fashion. The final products were shown to contain only rabbit IgG; the anti-IgM preparation was monospecific for mink IgM by immunoelectrophoresis and double diffusion in agar as described previously (61). The products were sterilized by passage through a 0.22-p.m-pore-size filter (Millipore) and used at a concentration of 10 mg/ml.…”