Immunoglobulin bearing lymphocytes and plasma cells in human periodontal disease

Abstract

Gingival biopsies from areas characterized as clinically normal, mild gingivitis, or periodontitis were examined. Immunoglobulin (IgG, IgA, IgM, IgE and IgD) bearing cells at the sulcular and oral epithelium -lamina propria junctions as well as the central lamina propria areas were quantitated. Normal gingiva (P. I. = 0-0.2) contained few lymphocytes and plasma cells. Biopsies from areas of mild gingivitis (P.I. = 0.2-1) were infiltrated at the sulcular epithelium -lamina propria junction by lymphocytes lacking membraneassociated immunoglohulins (94 %). Few plasma cells were evident. In contrast, tissue associated with periodontitis (P. I. = 4.0-8.0) contained significant numbers of immunoglobulin hearing lymphocytes (78 %, IgG; 9 %, IgM; and 4 % IgA) and plasma cells (67 %, IgG; 24 %, IgM; and 8 % IgA) distributed throughout all three major tissue areas.These findings indicated that the nature of cellular infiltrates differed in mild gingivitis and periodontitis. The presence of predominantly IgG and IgM containing cells in periodontitis had important implications for the contribution of nonspecific effector mechanisms to the destruction of periodontal tissue. infiltrate has not been resolved. Compara-

FcγRIIB gene polymorphisms in Japanese periodontitis patients

“…11,12 Periodontitis lesions contain large numbers of lymphocytes and plasma cells. 13 Localization of CD19 þ B lymphocytes bearing FcgRII has been observed in the gingival tissue of the periodontitis patients. 14 Additionally, elevated IgG responses against periodontopathic bacteria have been observed in the gingival tissue and gingival crevicular fluid.…”

B and T Lymphocytes Are the Primary Sources of RANKL in the Bone Resorptive Lesion of Periodontal Disease

“…9 The paradigm of osteoclast differentiation regulation is based on the RANKL/ OPG ratio expressed in the microenvironment surrounding osteoclast precursor cells. 10 An active periodontal lesion is characterized by the prominent infiltration of B cells 11,12 and T cells. 13,14 Although the T cells infiltrating the inflamed gingival tissues express activation markers such as CD45RO 15 or CD29, 16 functional roles of these activated T cells are not completely clear.…”

Lymphocyte-Fibroblast Interactions

“…These results suggest that gingival fibroblasts could play important roles not only in maintaining periodontal tissue integrity, but also in regulating local inflammatory responses. In inflamed periodontal tissue, inflammatory cell accumulation was observed histopathologically (Mackler et al, 1977;Seymour and Greenspan, 1979;Okada et al, 1983), and those locally infiltrated cells were located adjacent to the periodontal fibroblasts. Thus, it is reasonable to speculate that these immunocompetent cells may have an opportunity to interact directly each other and are mutually affected through the heterotypic cell-cell interactions.…”