Immunogenicity of mRNA-1273 COVID vaccine after 6 months surveillance in health care workers; a third dose is necessary

Tré-Hardy, Marie; Cupaiolo, Roberto; Wilmet, Alain; Antoine-Moussiaux, Thomas; Vecchia, Andrea Della; Horeanga, Alexandra; Papleux, Emmanuelle; Vekemans, Marc; Beukinga, Ingrid; Blairon, Laurent

doi:10.1016/j.jinf.2021.08.031

Cited by 70 publications

(59 citation statements)

References 22 publications

(50 reference statements)

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“…Notably, the significantly lower antibodies values found in elderly healthcare male workers (Figure 2) also raises further doubts as to whether further vaccine boosters may be especially advisable in this cohort between 6 and 12 months after completing a regular Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine cycle, to ensure a reinforced protection (8), since this is the most vulnerable population to severe SARS-CoV-2 infection (9).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Total anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies measured 6 months after Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccination in healthcare workers

Salvagno¹,

Henry²,

Pighi³

et al. 2022

J Med Biochemistry

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Background: This study aimed at monitoring the kinetics of serum total anti-SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2) antibodies in a cohort of healthcare workers after voluntary vaccination with Pfizer-BioNTech coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).Methods: The study population consisted of 787 healthcare workers (mean age 44±12 years; 66% females), who received two 30 μg doses of Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine, 3 weeks apart. Venous blood was drawn before the first vaccine dose, immediately before the second vaccine dose, and then at 1, 3 and 6 months after the second vaccine dose. Serological testing employed the total anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies measurement with Roche Elecsys Anti-SARS-CoV-2 S chemiluminescent immunoassay.Results: The median serum levels of total anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies reached the peak (1762 KU/L) 1 month after the second vaccine dose, but tended to progressively decline at the 3-month (1086 KU/L) and 6-month (802 KU/L) follow-up points. Overall, the values after 3- and 6-months were 37% and 57% lower than the corresponding concentrations measured at the peak. No healthcare worker had total anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies below the method-dependent cut-off. The decline compared to the peak was more accentuated in baseline seropositive persons than in those who were baseline seronegative (74% vs. 52%) cohort. The 6-month post-vaccination anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in subjects aged <65 years remained over 2-fold higher than that measured in those aged ≥65 years (813 vs. 343 KU/L). Conclusions: Gradual decline of total anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies occurred 6 months after Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccination, though values remained higher than the method-dependent cut-off, with no case of seronegativization.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Total anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies measured 6 months after Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccination in healthcare workers

Salvagno¹,

Henry²,

Pighi³

et al. 2022

J Med Biochemistry

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“…D614G: 13-fold (95%CI: 11-16) and 31-fold (95%CI: [25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38] higher than that at 2 and 7 months, respectively; Delta: 16-fold (13-20) and 35-fold (95%CI: 29-43); Omicron: 32-fold (27-37) and 39-fold (95%CI: 32-46).…”

Section: Neutralizing Activity Against Three Variants At 7 Months After Two Vaccine Doses and After The Boostermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[26][27][28][29] It has also been demonstrated that vaccine-induced neutralizing antibody responses decrease with increased time post-vaccination. 30,31 To counteract the decline of the neutralizing antibody response over time and the emergence of new variants including Omicron, a third dose of vaccination, which has been called a "booster vaccination," has been approved and administered to individuals who were vaccinated >6 months ago; the booster vaccination has been shown to 6 effectively induce a high titer of neutralizing antibody. 32 However, it is unclear whether the effective neutralizing antibody against Omicron can be obtained by two or three doses of vaccination compared to the other variants.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acquired neutralizing breadth against SARS-CoV-2 variants including Omicron after three doses of mRNA COVID-19 vaccination and the vaccine efficacy

Furukawa

Tjan

Kurahashi

et al. 2022

Preprint

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To investigate the induction of neutralizing antibodies against Omicron after two and three vaccine doses in recipients of different ages. Physicians at Kobe University Hospital who had received the second dose of the BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine. At 2 months after the second vaccinations, the positive rate of neutralizing antibody against Omicron was 28%, and the titer was significantly lower than those against other variants, 11.8-fold and 3.6-fold lower than those against D614G and Delta, respectively. Unlike Delta, that positive rates of neutralizing antibody against Omicron were low in all age groups, and there was no significant difference in titers among age groups. Seven months after the 2nd dose, the positive rate of neutralizing antibody against Omicron decreased to 6%, but after the booster,3rd vaccination, it increased to 100%, and the titer was much higher than those at 2 and 7 months post-vaccination, 32-fold and 39-fold respectively. The booster vaccination effect was also observed in the younger at 41-fold, middle-aged at 43-fold, and older at 27-fold groups compared to the 7-month titers. Surprisingly, higher-than-predicted titers of the neutralizing antibodies against Omicron were induced after the booster vaccination regardless of recipient age, while this effect was not observed after two doses, indicating the induction of antibodies against common epitopes by the booster vaccination. Three doses can be confidently recommended to suppress the pandemic.

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“…To address this issue, the UK's Joint Committee on Vaccination and Immunisation (JCVI) has recommended that people with severely weakened immune systems should have a third vaccine dose [162]. Findings after a six-month follow-up in a cohort of HCW in Belgium also suggested the third dose scheme for individuals who were seronegative before vaccination [163].…”

Section: Vaccination and Herd Immunitymentioning

confidence: 99%

What Happens to the Immune System after Vaccination or Recovery from COVID-19?

Tiyo

Schmitz

Ortega

et al. 2021

Life

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Due to its leading role in fighting infections, the human immune system has been the focus of many studies in the context of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). In a worldwide effort, the scientific community has transitioned from reporting about the effects of the novel coronavirus on the human body in the early days of the pandemic to exploring the body’s many immunopathological and immunoprotecting properties that have improved disease treatment and enabled the development of vaccines. The aim of this review is to explain what happens to the immune system after recovery from COVID-19 and/or vaccination against SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes the disease. We detail the way in which the immune system responds to a SARS-CoV-2 infection, including innate and adaptive measures. Then, we describe the role of vaccination, the main types of COVID-19 vaccines and how they protect us. Further, we explain the reason why immunity after COVID-19 infection plus a vaccination appears to induce a stronger response compared with virus exposure alone. Additionally, this review reports some correlates of protection from SARS-CoV-2 infection. In conclusion, we reinforce that vaccination is safe and important in achieving herd immunity.

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Immunogenicity of mRNA-1273 COVID vaccine after 6 months surveillance in health care workers; a third dose is necessary

Cited by 70 publications

References 22 publications

Total anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies measured 6 months after Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccination in healthcare workers

Total anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies measured 6 months after Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccination in healthcare workers

Acquired neutralizing breadth against SARS-CoV-2 variants including Omicron after three doses of mRNA COVID-19 vaccination and the vaccine efficacy

What Happens to the Immune System after Vaccination or Recovery from COVID-19?

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