Immunogenicity of ChAdOx1-nCoV-19 vaccine in solid malignancy patients by treatment regimen versus healthy controls: A prospective, multicenter observational study

Teeyapun, Nattaya; Luangdilok, Sutima; Pakvisal, Nussara; Sainamthip, Panot; Mingmalairak, Siyamol; Poovorawan, Nattaya; Sitthideatphaiboon, Piyada; Parinyanitikul, Napa; Sriuranpong, Virote; Namkanisorn, Teerayuth; Inthasuwan, Pratchaya; Angspatt, Pattama; Wongchanapat, Ploytuangporn; Bamrungnam, Akradach; Leeleakpai, Nutchanok; Uttha, Sutheera; Jaichum, Supaporn; Kongkaew, Peerawich; Suksanong, Chayanin; Veranitinun, Rattiya; Prasomphol, Ampai; Sartsuk, Chada; Patcharajutanon, Cheeraporn; Preaprang, Supreeya; Choengsamor, Hathairat; Phongwan, Rungthong; Preeyasaksa, Charoenpit; Phaibulvatanapong, Ekkamol; Suntronwong, Nungruthai; Yorsaeng, Ritthideach; Vichaiwattana, Preeyaporn; Wanlapakorn, Nasamon; Kerr, Stephen J.; Poovorawan, Yong; Wanchaijiraboon, Passakorn; Tanasanvimon, Suebpong

doi:10.1016/j.eclinm.2022.101608

Cited by 9 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…The study by Teeyapun et al compared the Ab titers between cancer patients and health volunteers following two doses of ChAdOx1 vaccine and found lower seroconversion rates of 60.8 and 78.9% after 4 and 8 to 10 weeks following the first dose and 93.6% after 4 weeks following the second dose as opposed to 97.1, 98.9, and 100%, respectively, in healthy volunteers. 12 This is also in line with our other data (unpublished) that show that cancer patients have lower Ab titers following the administration of the ChAdOx1 vaccine as compared to healthy volunteers. From the efficacy point of view, only 2 of 56 patients had Covid infection (confirmed by RT-PCR) within 21 days of taking their first dose.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Covid Antibody Titers in Cancer Patients Following Vaccination with ChAdOx1 nCOV-19 Vaccine

Chavan,

Shriyan,

Chavan

et al. 2023

South Asian J Cancer

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Covid-19 has led to significant mortality worldwide, with an increased risk in cancer patients. Vaccination provides significant protection against the infection. The study focuses on the immunogenicity and effectiveness of ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine in cancer patients within a real-world setting. Blood samples for measuring Covid antibody titers against the receptor binding domain were collected according to a convenient sparse sampling strategy in a real-world setting, with the days of the collection coinciding with their hospital appointment. The antibody titers between different groups were analyzed descriptively. A total of 56 patients were enrolled in the study. There was no apparent effect in antibody titers between patients with solid tumors and hematological malignancies (mean ± standard deviation [SD]: 36.80 ± 41.18 vs. 52.02 ± 26.27), among patients who were undergoing chemotherapy, immunotherapy, or local therapy (mean ± SD: 42.50 ± 44.46 vs. 50.06 ± 51.39 vs. 28.70 ± 25.03), and in patients with up to 90 days and more than 90 days' interval between their last treatment and date of vaccination (mean ± SD: 38.96 ± 42.66 vs. 40.51 ± 38.65). Additionally, there were only 2/56 patients with breakthrough infection, which points out the effectiveness of this vaccine in cancer patients. The ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine has activity in cancer regardless of the tumor type, type of treatment, or time from the last treatment.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Covid Antibody Titers in Cancer Patients Following Vaccination with ChAdOx1 nCOV-19 Vaccine

Chavan,

Shriyan,

Chavan

et al. 2023

South Asian J Cancer

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“…This study reported the follow-up data, namely the immunogenicity at 12 weeks post second dose of the ChAdOx1-nCoV-19 vaccine, in solid cancer patients who were previously immunized with a primary series of ChAdOx1-nCoV-19 vaccines at two cancer centers in Thailand: King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital (KCMH), and Phrapokklao Hospital (PPK). The initial immunogenicity results were previously reported [ 11 , 12 ]. The study was approved by the Institutional Review Board of the Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University (No.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Little is known about the response of such patients to a viral vector-based vaccine, which is the primary vaccine available for cancer patients in Thailand. Our previous study reported reduced immunogenicity in solid cancer patients who received two doses of ChAdOx1-nCoV-19, particularly in those who received chemotherapy and immunotherapy [ 11 , 12 ]. A better understanding of the long-term immune response against SARS-CoV-2 will enable us to better predict when the next vaccine booster should potentially be required, and to assess vaccination efficacy in cancer patients and other priority groups.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Durability of Immune Response to ChAdOx1-nCoV-19 Vaccine in Solid Cancer Patients Undergoing Anticancer Treatment

et al. 2022

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There are limited data available about the durability of the immune response after administration of the widely used adenovirus-vectored ChAdOx1-nCoV-19 vaccine in cancer patients. This prospective longitudinal observational study analyzed follow-up data of immunogenic responses 12 weeks after the second dose of the ChAdOx1-nCoV-19 vaccine in 290 oncological patients compared to healthy controls. The study aimed to assess the persistence of the humoral immune response three months after the second dose, and omicron neutralization was also evaluated. Three months after completion of the second vaccine dose, the geometric mean titer of SARS-CoV-2 binding total Ig statistically decreased by 42% compared to those at 4 weeks, and was lower than that of the healthy control. Six percent of patients became seronegative for anti-RBD total Ig. Only 5% (2 of 40 samples) tested positive for surrogate neutralization against SAR-CoV-2 Omicron BA.2. Across different therapy types, a waning in immunogenicity was observed within three months after the second dose of the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine, rendering it insufficient at that point to protect against the SAR-CoV-2 Omicron BA.2 variant.

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“…However, studies of cancer patients who received a primary vaccine with a viral-vectored vaccine (ChAdOx1) or inactivated virus vaccine (CoronaVac) are lacking despite the fact that many countries deployed these vaccines in the early phase of the COVID-19 pandemic. In Thailand, most cancer patients were immunized with the primary series of two doses of the ChAdOx1 vaccine or heterogenous CoronaVac/ChAdOx1 during the early phase of the vaccination program in June 2021 [ 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 ]. The mRNA vaccine booster dose was recommended for late 2021 and, since then, vaccine hesitancy has been seen among many cancer patients.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Safety Following COVID-19 Booster Vaccine with BNT162b2 Compared to mRNA-1273 in Solid Cancer Patients Previously Vaccinated with ChAdOx1 or CoronaVac

et al. 2023

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Safety data following the COVID-19 booster mRNA vaccine in solid cancer patients are scarce. We prospectively evaluated adverse events after a booster dose of the BNT162b2 vaccine as compared to the mRNA-1273 vaccine in solid malignancy patients who had previously received two doses of ChAdOx1 or heterogenous CoronaVac/ChAdOx1. Data regarding solicited and unsolicited adverse events were collected using questionnaires. The primary endpoint was the difference in incidence and severity of adverse events between BNT162b2 and mRNA-1273 vaccines. A total of 370 subjects were enrolled, including 172 (47%) and 198 (54%) patients receiving booster doses of BNT162b2 and mRNA-1273 vaccines, respectively. The overall incidence of adverse events in the two groups was comparable (BNT162b2 vs. mRNA-1273; 63% vs. 66%, p = 0.6). There was no significant difference in severity, and the majority of adverse events reported were classed as mild to moderate. Tenderness at the injection site was the only reaction that had a statistically higher reported incidence after the mRNA-1273 vaccine than after the BNT162b2 vaccine (56% vs. 41%, p = 0.003). In conclusion, a booster dose of the mRNA vaccine, either BNT162b2 or mRNA-1273, in solid cancer patients previously vaccinated with ChAdOx1 and CoronaVac appears safe, and no new safety concerns were observed.

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Immunogenicity of ChAdOx1-nCoV-19 vaccine in solid malignancy patients by treatment regimen versus healthy controls: A prospective, multicenter observational study

Cited by 9 publications

References 23 publications

Covid Antibody Titers in Cancer Patients Following Vaccination with ChAdOx1 nCOV-19 Vaccine

Covid Antibody Titers in Cancer Patients Following Vaccination with ChAdOx1 nCOV-19 Vaccine

Durability of Immune Response to ChAdOx1-nCoV-19 Vaccine in Solid Cancer Patients Undergoing Anticancer Treatment

Safety Following COVID-19 Booster Vaccine with BNT162b2 Compared to mRNA-1273 in Solid Cancer Patients Previously Vaccinated with ChAdOx1 or CoronaVac

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