Immunogenicity characterization of hexaploid and tetraploid wheat varieties related to celiac disease and wheat allergy

Kumar, B.V. Mohan; Rao, U.J.S. Prasada; Prabhasankar, P.

doi:10.1080/09540105.2017.1319342

Cited by 12 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Durum wheat is a tetraploid species and compared to the hexaploid bread wheat it lacks the D genome; thus, fragments identical or equivalent to the immunodominant 33-mer fragment are absent in gluten of durum wheat. Consistently, evidence exists that durum wheat and the other tetraploid species exhibit lower immunoreactivity compared to bread wheat [15], and that, in these species, the overall response of T cells is directed to γ-epitopes [16]. Very recently, the genome of the modern durum wheat cv.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 83%

Genome-Wide Identification, Characterization and Expression Pattern Analysis of the γ-Gliadin Gene Family in the Durum Wheat (Triticum durum Desf.) Cultivar Svevo

Paris

Petruzzino

Savino

et al. 2021

Genes

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Very recently, the genome of the modern durum wheat cv. Svevo was fully sequenced, and its assembly is publicly available. So, we exploited the opportunity to carry out an in-depth study for the systematic characterization of the γ-gliadin gene family in the cv. Svevo by combining a bioinformatic approach with transcript and protein analysis. We found that the γ-gliadin family consists of nine genes that include seven functional genes and two pseudogenes. Three genes, Gli-γ1a, Gli-γ3a and Gli-γ4a, and the pseudogene Gli-γ2a* mapped on the A genome, whereas the remaining four genes, Gli-γ1b, Gli-γ2b, Gli-γ3b and Gli-γ5b, and the pseudogene Gli-γ4b* mapped on the B genome. The functional γ-gliadins presented all six domains and eight-cysteine residues typical of γ-gliadins. The Gli-γ1b also presented an additional cysteine that could possibly have a role in the formation of the gluten network through binding to HMW glutenins. The γ-gliadins from the A and B genome differed in their celiac disease (CD) epitope content and composition, with the γ-gliadins from the B genome showing the highest frequency of CD epitopes. In all the cases, almost all the CD epitopes clustered in the central region of the γ-gliadin proteins. Transcript analysis during seed development revealed that all the functional γ-gliadin genes were expressed with a similar pattern, although significant differences in the transcript levels were observed among individual genes that were sometimes more than 60-fold. A progressive accumulation of the γ-gliadin fraction was observed in the ripening seeds that reached 34% of the total gliadin fraction at harvest maturity. We believe that the insights generated in the present study could aid further studies on gliadin protein functions and future breeding programs aimed at the selection of new healthier durum wheat genotypes.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 83%

Genome-Wide Identification, Characterization and Expression Pattern Analysis of the γ-Gliadin Gene Family in the Durum Wheat (Triticum durum Desf.) Cultivar Svevo

Paris

Petruzzino

Savino

et al. 2021

Genes

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“…The principal component analysis biplot showed that tetraploid wheat varieties are less immunoreactive than hexaploids. The low immunogenic wheat varieties are suitable for plant breeding and preparation of low gluten or hypo-immunogenic products (Kumar et al, 2017). Food allergies, including kiwi fruit allergy, have been the subject of extensive research in the last few years.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sensitisation to molecular components in patients with atopic dermatitis, relation to asthma bronchiale and allergic rhinitis

Čelakovská

Bukač

Vaňková

et al. 2020

Food and Agricultural Immunology

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Backround and aim: To evaluate the sensitisation to molecular components in atopic dermatitis patients with the use of Multiplex ISAC testing. Method: The complete dermatological and allergological examination including the examination of the sensitisation to molecular components with Multiplex ISAC testing was performed. Results and conclusion: Eighty one patients were examined -40 men, 41 women, average age 41.7 years. The positivity was recorded most frequently to molecular components of timothy, birch, house dust mite, animals dander, bermuda grass, peach, apple, hazel pollen, kiwi, peanut and hazelnut, Alternaria and Aspergillus. Molecular components such as Equ c 1 (Horse), Alt a 6 (Alternaria), Fel d 1, Fel d 4 (Cat) and Can f 1, Can f 5 (Dog) are recorded with the significant higher occurrence simultaneously in patients suffering from severe form of AD, asthma bronchiale and allergic rhinitis; these molecular components play the most important role in the atopic march.

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“…Similarly, Molberg et al (288) showed absence of 33-mer peptide sequence encoded by α-gliadin genes in diploid einkorn (including T. monococcum, T. uraru, and A. speltoides). Kumar et al (289) studied 34 tetraploid and hexaploid wheat varieties for their gliadin content and immunoreactivity with immunoglobulins (IgA) of CD and found tetraploid wheat varieties to be less immunoreactive than hexaploid wheat varieties. Ozuna and Barro (290) found in their study that durum wheat varieties tend to have lower gluten protein and CD eliciting epitopes in comparison to tetraploid and hexaploid wheat varieties.…”

Section: Is There Difference Between Diploid Tetraploid or Hexaploimentioning

confidence: 99%

Pathogenesis of Celiac Disease and Other Gluten Related Disorders in Wheat and Strategies for Mitigating Them

et al. 2020

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Wheat is a major cereal crop providing energy and nutrients to the billions of people around the world. Gluten is a structural protein in wheat, that is necessary for its dough making properties, but it is responsible for imparting certain intolerances among some individuals, which are part of this review. Most important among these intolerances is celiac disease, that is gluten triggered T-cell mediated autoimmune enteropathy and results in villous atrophy, inflammation and damage to intestinal lining in genetically liable individuals containing human leukocyte antigen DQ2/DQ8 molecules on antigen presenting cells. Celiac disease occurs due to presence of celiac disease eliciting epitopes in gluten, particularly highly immunogenic alpha-gliadins. Another gluten related disorder is non-celiac gluten-sensitivity in which innate immune-response occurs in patients along with gastrointestinal and non-gastrointestinal symptoms, that disappear upon removal of gluten from the diet. In wheat allergy, either IgE or non-IgE mediated immune response occurs in individuals after inhalation or ingestion of wheat. Following a lifelong gluten-free diet by celiac disease and non-celiac gluten-sensitivity patients is very challenging as none of wheat cultivar or related species stands safe for consumption. Hence, different molecular biology, genetic engineering, breeding, microbial, enzymatic, and chemical strategies have been worked upon to reduce the celiac disease epitopes and the gluten content in wheat. Currently, only 8.4% of total population is affected by wheat-related issues, while rest of population remains safe and should not remove wheat from the diet, based on false media coverage.

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Immunogenicity characterization of hexaploid and tetraploid wheat varieties related to celiac disease and wheat allergy

Cited by 12 publications

References 34 publications

Genome-Wide Identification, Characterization and Expression Pattern Analysis of the γ-Gliadin Gene Family in the Durum Wheat (Triticum durum Desf.) Cultivar Svevo

Genome-Wide Identification, Characterization and Expression Pattern Analysis of the γ-Gliadin Gene Family in the Durum Wheat (Triticum durum Desf.) Cultivar Svevo

Sensitisation to molecular components in patients with atopic dermatitis, relation to asthma bronchiale and allergic rhinitis

Pathogenesis of Celiac Disease and Other Gluten Related Disorders in Wheat and Strategies for Mitigating Them

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