Immunogenicity and Safety of Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) Vaccine With a Toll-Like Receptor 9 Agonist Adjuvant in HBV Vaccine-Naïve People With Human Immunodeficiency Virus

Marks, Kristen; Kang, Minhee; Umbleja, Triin; Avihingsanon, Anchalee; Sugandhavesa, Patcharaphan; Cox, Andrea L.; Vigil, Karen J.; Perazzo, Hugo; Price, Jennifer; Katsidzira, Leolin; Vernon, Christina; Alston-Smith, Beverly; Sherman, Kenneth E.

doi:10.1093/cid/ciad201

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…The AIDS Clinical Trials Group 5379 clinical trial of 3 doses of the CpG-adjuvanted recombinant hepatitis B vaccine at 0, 1, and 6 months among 68 PWH recently reported that, after 3 doses in the vaccine-naive group, 100% of participants achieved seroprotective anti-HBs titers, and 98.5% achieved seroprotective titers after 2 doses when titers were checked 6 months before administration of the third dose [ 30 ]. While higher anti-HBs titers are substantially lower after 2 doses than after 3 doses, if patients complete 2 doses and do not complete the third, they are more likely to have protection against HBV infection than with the current alum-adjuvanted HBV vaccine strategies, with either standard or double-dose vaccines [ 30 , 31 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Delays in Hepatitis B Immunization Series Completion in People With Human Immunodeficiency Virus

Sheikh,

Staggers,

Carey

et al. 2023

Open Forum Infectious Diseases

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Background Studies have demonstrated low hepatitis B virus (HBV) vaccine series completion among persons with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Methods We conducted a retrospective record review of persons entering HIV care at 2 clinics in Houston, Texas, between 2010 and 2018. Kaplan-Meier curves summarized time to receipt of HBV vaccines for those eligible for vaccination. We estimated the proportions of patients who had received 1, 2, or 3 HBV vaccine doses at 12 and 24 months after entry to care. A Prentice Williams and Peterson total time model was used to evaluate associations between patient characteristics and time to vaccination. Results Of the 5357 patients who entered care, 2718 were eligible for HBV vaccination. After 2 years of follow-up, 51.2% of those eligible had received 1 HBV vaccine, 43.2% had received 2, and 28.4% received 3 vaccines. With adjustment for significant cofactors, patients whose CD4 cell count was ≥200/μL (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR], 1.43 [95% confidence interval (CI), 1.29–1.59]) and transgender patients (1.49 [1.08–2.04]) received any given vaccine dose sooner than those with CD4 cell counts <200/μL or cisgender patients, respectively. Compared with non-Hispanic whites, Hispanic patients were vaccinated sooner (aHR, 1.28 [95% CI, 1.07–1.53]). Those with an active substance use history had a significantly longer time to vaccination than those with no substance use history (aHR, 0.73 [95% CI, .62–.85]). Conclusions Strategies are needed to increase HBV vaccine completion rates in our study population, particularly among those with CD4 cell counts <200/μL or with a substance use disorder.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Delays in Hepatitis B Immunization Series Completion in People With Human Immunodeficiency Virus

Sheikh,

Staggers,

Carey

et al. 2023

Open Forum Infectious Diseases

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“…Heplisav‐B is a new hepatitis B virus vaccine with an immunostimulatory adjuvant. It has been examined as 3 doses in PLWH without prior HBV vaccination showing 95% efficacy after 2 doses and 100% efficacy after 3 doses 8 . During the past decade considerable progress in HBV infection control have been achieved.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Persistent low prevalence of hepatitis B vaccination among people with HIV: Time for a change?

Garcia

Vigil

Taylor

et al. 2023

Journal of Viral Hepatitis

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Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is one of the leading causes of hepatocellular carcinoma and mortality among people living with HIV (PLWH). HBV vaccination provides protection from infection; however, vaccination rates are low. We conducted a retrospective analysis at three HIV centres in Texas to determine the proportion of PLWH who received the recommended 3 doses of hepatitis B vaccine within 1 year. Factors associated with vaccination completion were explored. In our sample of three sites in a state with high HIV transmission and high rates of liver disease from 2011 to 2021, showed low rates of hepatitis B vaccination. Among eligible PLWH, only 9% completed the 3‐dose hepatitis B vaccine series in 1 year. There is an urgent need to improve HBV vaccination to reach 2030 target for hepatitis B elimination.

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“…The other more promising approach is to use HepB-CpG for the primary vaccine series. Among 68 HIV-positive individuals, 100% achieved seroprotection 4 weeks after the vaccine series; of these, 88% had anti-HBs levels > 1000 mIU/mL [104]. In another retrospective analysis, HepB-CpG was associated with a significantly higher rate of seroprotection compared with HepB-alum-based hepatitis B vaccines, 93.4% compared with 57.6%, respectively [105].…”

Section: Human Immunodeficiency Virusmentioning

confidence: 96%

Hepatitis B Vaccine: Four Decades on

Mironova,

Ghany

2024

Vaccines

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Hepatitis B virus is a substantial contributor to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) globally. Vaccination is the most effective method for prevention of hepatitis B and its associated morbidity and mortality, and the only method to prevent infection with hepatitis D virus. The hepatitis B vaccine has been used worldwide for more than four decades; it is available in a single- or triple-antigen form and in combination with vaccines against other infections. Introduction of the vaccine and administration at birth led to sustained decline in mother-to-child transmission, chronic hepatitis B, and HCC, however, global birth dose coverage remains suboptimal. In this review we will discuss different hepatitis B vaccine formulations and schedules, vaccination guidelines, durability of the response, and vaccine escape mutants, as well as the clinical and economic benefits of vaccination.

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Immunogenicity and Safety of Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) Vaccine With a Toll-Like Receptor 9 Agonist Adjuvant in HBV Vaccine-Naïve People With Human Immunodeficiency Virus

Cited by 7 publications

References 9 publications

Delays in Hepatitis B Immunization Series Completion in People With Human Immunodeficiency Virus

Delays in Hepatitis B Immunization Series Completion in People With Human Immunodeficiency Virus

Persistent low prevalence of hepatitis B vaccination among people with HIV: Time for a change?

Hepatitis B Vaccine: Four Decades on

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