Immunogenicity and Adjuvanticity of Lipopolysaccharide from Legionella pneumophila

Friedman, Harold J.; Newton, Cathy; Dk, Blanchard; Tw, Klein; Widen, Raymond; Wong, KH

doi:10.3181/00379727-184-42466

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

“…Production of IL-1 by macrophages after infection with L. pneumophila or as a result of stimulation with Legionella antigens involves both membrane-associated and soluble IL-1 (26,36,55), as was also shown in our study. LPS, Hsp60 and heat-labile antigens of L. pneumophila were able to induce the IL-1 response (6, 26,36,47). Some authors described a re- duced IL-1 production after incubation of mononuclear phagocytes with avirulent or formalin-killed L. pneumophila as compared to higher IL-1 levels after incubation with virulent, multiplicative strains of L. pneumophila (37,55,56).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

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Induction of cvtokines and expression of surface receptors in Mono Mac 6 cells after infection with different Legionella species

Neumeister

Kleihauer

Rossmann

et al. 1998

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The ability of Legionella species to multiply within human mononuclear phagocytes is usually regarded as being associated with their pathogenicity. Activation of host cells results in inhibition of intracellular Legionella multiplication. The most effective substance to induce macrophage activation, both in vivo and in vitro, is interferon‐γ. In addition, some evidence exists that macrophage‐derived cytokines may contribute to the host defense against L. pneumophila, but the production of pro‐ and antiinflammatory cytokines by monocytes after infection with different Legionella species has not been reported with regard to their ability to multiply within the host cells. We therefore examined the production of TNF‐α, IL‐1, IL‐6, IL‐8, IL‐10 and TGF‐β by Mono Mac 6 cells after infection with Legionella species of different human prevalence that differ in their ability to replicate within this macrophage‐like cell line. After infection, Mono Mac 6 cells showed a cytokine response with time kinetics characteristic for the cytokine. Maximum cytokine levels produced differed with Legionella species, but were not related to intracellular multiplication rates. Moreover, LPS‐tolerant Mono Mac 6 cells, which failed to produce cytokines, showed intracellular increase or decrease of bacterial numbers identical to that of untreated Mono Mac 6 cells. By FACS analysis, an up‐regulation of CD14 (LPS receptor) and CD54 (ICAM‐1) could be demonstrated. We conclude that, in the Mono Mac 6 cell line, induction of macrophage‐derived cytokines after infection with members of the genus Legionella mimics an inflammatory reaction without association with intracellular multiplication rate.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Induction of cvtokines and expression of surface receptors in Mono Mac 6 cells after infection with different Legionella species

Neumeister

Kleihauer

Rossmann

et al. 1998

APMIS

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“…Major characterized antigens include lipopolysaccharide, the Msp/ProA protease, flagellin, Hsp60, and OmpS (45,48,132,276,352). Early studies investigated the potentials of several of these antigens in the development of vaccines to L. pneumophila, and although some antigens showed significant promise in animal infection models, there has been little activity in this area in recent years (44-48, 276).…”

Section: Interactions With the Adaptive Immune Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Pathogenesis of Infections Caused byLegionella pneumophila

Newton¹,

et al. 2010

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SUMMARY The genus Legionella contains more than 50 species, of which at least 24 have been associated with human infection. The best-characterized member of the genus, Legionella pneumophila, is the major causative agent of Legionnaires' disease, a severe form of acute pneumonia. L. pneumophila is an intracellular pathogen, and as part of its pathogenesis, the bacteria avoid phagolysosome fusion and replicate within alveolar macrophages and epithelial cells in a vacuole that exhibits many characteristics of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). The formation of the unusual L. pneumophila vacuole is a feature of its interaction with the host, yet the mechanisms by which the bacteria avoid classical endosome fusion and recruit markers of the ER are incompletely understood. Here we review the factors that contribute to the ability of L. pneumophila to infect and replicate in human cells and amoebae with an emphasis on proteins that are secreted by the bacteria into the Legionella vacuole and/or the host cell. Many of these factors undermine eukaryotic trafficking and signaling pathways by acting as functional and, in some cases, structural mimics of eukaryotic proteins. We discuss the consequences of this mimicry for the biology of the infected cell and also for immune responses to L. pneumophila infection.

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Chemical composition of a lipopolysaccharide from Legionella pneumophila

et al. 1989

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Lipopolysaccharide isolated from Legionella pneumophila (Phil. 1) was examined for chemical composition. The polysaccharide split off by mild acid hydrolysis contained rhamnose, mannose, glucose, quinovosamine, glucosamine and 2-keto-3-deoxyoctonate, in molar proportions 1.6:1.8:1.0:1.5:4.1:2.7. Heptoses were absent and glucose was probably mainly phosphorylated. The carbohydrate backbone of the lipid A part consisted of glucosamine, quinovosamine and glycerol, in the molar ratios 3.9:1.0:3.4, with glycerol as a phosphorylated moiety. A complex fatty acid substitution pattern comprising eight O-ester-linked, exclusively nonhydroxylated acids, and nineteen amide-linked, exclusively 3-hydroxylated acids was revealed. Both straight- and branched (iso and anteiso) carbon chains occurred. The major hydroxy fatty acid was 3-hydroxy-12-methyltridecanoic acid and six others were of a chain-length above 20 carbon atoms, with 3-hydroxy-20-methyldocosanoic acid as the longest. Two dihydroxy fatty acids, 2,3-dihydroxy-12-methyltridecanoic and 2,3-dihydroxytetradecanoic acids, were also detected. These results suggest that L. pneumophila contains a rather complex and unusual lipopolysaccharide structure of considerable biological and chemotaxonomic interest.

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Immunogenicity and Adjuvanticity of Lipopolysaccharide from Legionella pneumophila

Cited by 5 publications

References 1 publication

Induction of cvtokines and expression of surface receptors in Mono Mac 6 cells after infection with different Legionella species

Induction of cvtokines and expression of surface receptors in Mono Mac 6 cells after infection with different Legionella species

Molecular Pathogenesis of Infections Caused byLegionella pneumophila

Chemical composition of a lipopolysaccharide from Legionella pneumophila

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