Immunogenic structure of the influenza virus hemagglutinin

Green, N; Alexander, Hannah; Olson, Arthur J.; Alexander, Stephen; Shinnick, Thomas M.; Sutcliffe, J. Gregor; Lerner, Richard A.

doi:10.1016/0092-8674(82)90202-1

Cited by 742 publications

(319 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…The peptides, coupled to keyhole limpet hemoeyanin (KLH) [18], were used for immunizing New Zealand white rabbits, and antisera were prepar¢d as described [19].…”

Section: Lmmunohtstochemlcal Stainingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Expression of dihydropyridine‐sensitive brain calcium channels in the rat central nervous system

et al. 1992

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WC have localized dihydropyridine (DHP)-sensitive calcium channels in rat brain by in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry. The mRNA for the dihydropyridine-sensitive calcium channel al subunit (DHPR-B) is prominently tocalized in neuronal cells in the olfactory bulb, dentate gyrus, hippooampus, arcuate nucleus, paraventricular nucleus, vcntromcdial nucleus, cerebral cortex, superior colliculus and the cerebellar Purkinje cell layer. Strong expression of DHPR-B mRNA was also found in the pituitary and pincal glands. DHP-sensitive calcium channel 01 subunit distribution has also been examined immunohistochcmically with polyclonal antibodies raised agGnst synthetic pptides specific for the DHPR-B al subunit protein. The results from immunohistochemistry were in good aSmemcnt with those from in situ hybridization. Thus, qional distribution and localization of DHPR-B mRNA and rl subunit protein in rat brain suggest that this type of DHP-sensitive brain calcium cbanncl may play an important role in excitation-secretion coupling functions in the neuroendocrine system.

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“…The peptides, coupled to keyhole limpet hemoeyanin (KLH) [18], were used for immunizing New Zealand white rabbits, and antisera were prepar¢d as described [19].…”

Section: Lmmunohtstochemlcal Stainingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Expression of dihydropyridine‐sensitive brain calcium channels in the rat central nervous system

et al. 1992

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“…The antigen used was developed for conjugation at the carboxyl terminus of human serum albumin. Conjugation was performed using the m-maleimido benzoyl-N-hydroxysuccinimide procedure (17). Boosters of appropriate antigen (1 mg) emulsified in Freund's incomplete adjuvant were administered on days 12 ± 1,40 ± 1, and 114 ± I postpartum (pp).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of active immunization against growth hormone releasing factor on concentrations of somatotropin and insulin-like growth factor I in lactating beef cows

Moore

Armstrong

Harvey

et al. 1992

Domestic Animal Endocrinology

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Two experiments were conducted to determine the effects of immunoneutralization of growth hormone-releasing factor [GRF(1-29)-NH 2 ] on concentrations of somatotropin (ST) and insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) in lactating beef cows. In Experiment 1, mUltiparous Hereford cows were immunized against 2 mg GRF(l-29)-(GlY)4-Cys-NH2 conjugated to human serum albumin (GRFi, n=3) or 2 mg human serum albumin (HSAi, n=3) at 52 ± 1 d prior to parturition. Boosters (1 mg) were administered on days 12,40 and 114 postpartum (pp). Serum samples were collected at IS-min intervals for 5 hr on days 18,46 and 120 pp, followed by administration CIV) of an opioid agonist (FK33-824; 10 J..lg/kg) and an antagonist (naloxone; .5 mg/kg) at hours 5 and 7, respectively. A GRF analog ([desamino-Tyrl, D-Ala 2 , Ala l5 ] GRF (l-29)-NH 2 ; 3.5 ~lkg) and arginine (.5 glkg) were administered at hour 10 on days 47 and 121, respectively. Percentage binding of [ 125 I]GRF (1:100 dilution of serum) 28 d after primary immunization was greater in GRFi (14.3 ± 4.9) than in HSAi (.7 ± .3) cows. Binding increased to 29.3 ± 6.5% after first booster in GRFi cows. Episodic release of ST was abolished by immunization against GRF; concentration and frequency of release of ST were lower (P<.05) in GRFi than in HSAi cows on all days pp. Concentrations of IGF-I were lower in GRFi than in HSAi cows throughout lactation. Serum ST failed to increase following FK33-824 or arginine in GRFi; however, ST increased after both compounds in HSAi cows. Concentrations of ST following GRF-analog were greater (P<.05) in HSAi than in GRFi cows. Experiment 2 was con ducted to determine if a lower dose of antigen and a single booster would be sufficient to lower ST and IGF-I in lactating cows. Multiparous Hereford and Angus cows were assigned to GRFi (n=6) or HSAi (n=6). Primary (1.2 mg) and booster (.5 mg) immunizations were administered -14 and 8 d from calving, respectively. Cows were restricted to 60% of recommended intake of energy dur ing lactation in order to elevate concentrations of ST. Serum samples were collected at IS-min in tervals for 6 hr on days 26, 50, 73, 90 and 109 pp. Two of six GRFi cows had binding less than 10% (1 : 1 ,000 dilution of serum) and were omitted from further analyses. Percentage binding at a I: 1,000 dilution was greater in GRFi (17.0 ± 4.7) than in HSAi (1.4 ± .4) cows at 89 d pp. Consequently, frequency of release, and concentration of ST and IGF-I were lower (P < .05) in GRFi than in HSAi cows. Concentrations of ST increased following FK33-824 in HSAi, but not in GRFi cows. Across experiments, interval from calving to ovulation (estimated from weekly progesterone concentrations) was greater in HSAi than in GRFi cows. In conclusion, gestating-lactating beef cows were effec , tively immunized against GRF as evidenced by antibody binding of [ 125 I]GRF, absence of pulsatile release of ST, low concentrations of ST and IGF-I and failure of ST to increase after IV opioid ago nist or arginine.

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“…To obtain lG5-specific antisera, 400 fig of synthetic peptides (lG5-4: GATGQAPPSSKGE, residues 477-489; lG5-5: KAAATPEPAVAQPD, residues 458-471) corresponding to regions within the lG5 sequence, was conjugated with glutaraldehyde to an equal weight of the carrier protein edestin. The conjugates were used to immunize rabbits as previously described (Green et al, 1982;Sutcliffe et al, 1983).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

1G5: a calmodulin-binding, vesicle-associated, protein kinase-like protein enriched in forebrain neurites

et al. 1994

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We have characterized cDNA clones of 1G5, an mRNA highly enriched in the mammalian forebrain that encodes a 504-residue protein found in association with perikaryal membranes and neurites. The protein, which accumulates predominantly postnatally, is associated with vesicles in both axons and dendrites. The sequence of the 1G5 protein highly resembles those of protein kinases with serine/threonine specificity; however, although most residues universally conserved among protein kinases are present, a few signature residues are absent from the 1G5 protein. Furthermore, although recombinant 1G5 protein binds calmodulin in the presence of calcium, it lacks kinase activity with a sample substrate.

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Immunogenic structure of the influenza virus hemagglutinin

Cited by 742 publications

References 31 publications

Expression of dihydropyridine‐sensitive brain calcium channels in the rat central nervous system

Expression of dihydropyridine‐sensitive brain calcium channels in the rat central nervous system

Effect of active immunization against growth hormone releasing factor on concentrations of somatotropin and insulin-like growth factor I in lactating beef cows

1G5: a calmodulin-binding, vesicle-associated, protein kinase-like protein enriched in forebrain neurites

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