Immunoexpression of p53, Ki-67 and E-cadherin in basaloid squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx

Tojo, María J. Rodríguez; Cano, Francisco J. García; Sánchez, Juan Cristóbal; Fernandez, Eugenia; Urízar, José Manuel Aguirre

doi:10.1007/bf02708743

Cited by 22 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Some authors have recently reported the value of p53, Ki-67 and e-cadherin [39], p27 Kip1 [40], and apoptosis inhibitor protein [41] as independent predictors of prognosis in BSCCs, but these findings need further confirmation in large series and its acceptance and use in daily practice.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Basaloid Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Head and Neck

Ereño

Gaafar

Oiarbide

et al. 2008

Head and Neck Pathol

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Basaloid squamous cell carcinoma (BSCC) is a rare and aggressive variant of cancer that mainly arises in the upper aerodigestive tract. This study reviews the clinico-pathological features and follow-up of a series of cases occurring in the head and neck. During a 32-year period (1974-2005), a total of 40 BSCCs have been diagnosed in the head and neck in our Institution. Males predominated in the series (35M/5F). The average age was 60.2 years (range, 40-85). Tobacco and alcohol consumption was found in more than 80% of the cases. Topographic distribution was as follows: larynx and hypopharynx, 22 cases (55%); oropharynx, 12 cases (30%); and oral cavity 6 cases (15%). The basaloid component predominated in 29 cases (72.5%). Vasculo-lymphatic invasion was detected in 5 cases (12.5%). Lymph node metastases were seen in 25 cases (62.5%, levels II and III in the neck dissection). Local recurrences appeared in 11 cases (27.5%) and distant metastases in 6 (15%). In 7 cases (17.5%) a second primary tumour was detected. The 2002 TNM staging was as follows: Stage I, 5 cases (12.5%); Stage II, 7 cases (17.5%); Stage III, 8 cases (20%), and Stage IV, 20 cases (50%). On follow-up, 21 cases (52.5%) are alive and 19 (47.5%) died of disease. Three- and 5-year overall survival was 50% and 38.5%, respectively. A significant shorter survival was detected in node positive patients (P<0.05).

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Basaloid Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Head and Neck

Ereño

Gaafar

Oiarbide

et al. 2008

Head and Neck Pathol

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“…Eleven of these studies suggest that patients with BSCC have a worse prognosis, 1,2,10,11,13,15,18,20,[24][25][26] whereas the remaining studies either suggest that the behavior of BSCC is not different from SCC, 5,12,14,16,17,[21][22][23]27,28 or did not address the issue of comparative prognosis. 19,29 The common factor suggesting that BSCC has a worse prognosis in these studies has been the pro- pensity for BSCC to present in advanced stages and to have higher rates of hematogenous spread. In our case-control study, only patients who had lymph node involvement were included.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Highlighting the difficulties in selecting the best treatment for BSCC, biologic molecular patterns may provide some clues. Promising cell cycle markers, 14,29,33,34 apoptosis, differentiation, stem cells, and loss of heterozygosity 35 may provide directions for better treatment selection in the near future.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Outcomes after radiotherapy for basaloid squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck

Thariat

Ahamad

El‐Naggar

et al. 2008

Cancer

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BACKGROUND.Basaloid squamous cell carcinoma (BSCC) is an uncommon, high‐grade variant of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the head and neck. Its poorer prognosis compared with common SCC remains controversial. The authors investigated the outcomes of patients with BSCC who received radiotherapy and compared them with the outcomes of patients with SCC.METHODS.From 1994 to 2004, 1007 patients received radiotherapy for head and neck carcinoma with lymph node involvement. The histologic types consisted of 51 BSCC, 431 poorly differentiated SCC (PSCC), and 525 well or moderately differentiated SCC (WMSCC). A case–control analysis was performed with BSCC matched against both PSCC and WMSCC to compare disease‐control and survival rates.RESULTS.Patients with BSCC received treatment modalities similar to those received by patients with SCC: They received induction chemotherapy (12%) or concurrent chemotherapy (33%), and a median radiation dose of 70 Gray. Posttreatment viable tumor was present in 44%, 13%, and 28% of neck dissection specimens from patients with BSCC, PSCC, and WMSCC, respectively. The 5‐year disease‐free survival rates (63%, 77%, and 76%, respectively) and overall survival rates (85%, 70%, and 71%, respectively) demonstrated no statistically significant differences for BSCC, PSCC, or WMSCC, respectively.CONCLUSIONS.In this study, a poorer prognosis could not be demonstrated for irradiated patients with BSCC compared with either PSCC or WMSCC. All patients in this study had positive lymph node status, and the majority of patients (84%) had oropharyngeal cancer. The BSCC cohort did have a relatively high rate of viable tumor in their posttreatment neck dissections, and they had a relatively high rate of distant disease. On the basis of the high rate of lung metastases and the possibility of efficient salvage, the authors recommend obtaining a chest computed tomography scan during initial staging and follow‐up. Cancer 2008. © 2008 American Cancer Society.

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“…This view has been questioned in recent articles which note these conclusions are based largely on limited numbers of case reports [22][23][24]. Several genetic mechanisms have been proposed for this assumed aggressive behavior, including cell-cycle regulators [25], increased tumor angiogenesis [26], and tumor suppressors and lack of apoptosis [9,13,14,27], with variable results, and precise genetic mechanisms for more aggressive behavior remain elusive. In addition to examining proliferation markers c-kit, MIB-1 and p63, we sought a connection with human papilloma virus (HPV) using p16 staining.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Ber-EP4, CK1, CK7 and CK14 are Useful Markers for Basaloid Squamous Carcinoma: A Study of 45 Cases

Winters

Naud

Evans

et al. 2008

Head and Neck Pathol

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Diagnosis of basaloid squamous carcinoma (BSCC) currently relies mainly on histological criteria, with variable immunohistochemical results reported in small series. We explored the use of a battery of immunohistochemical stains to elucidate this diagnosis on 45 cases of BSCC. To further elucidate the immunohistochemical profile of BSCC, to explore potential genetic pathways of malignant transformation using proliferation markers, and to investigate a possible link with Human Papillomavirus (HPV). Forty-five cases of BSCC and 34 site-matched cases of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) were obtained from the archives of the pathology department at our institution. Extensive literature review was undertaken utilizing Medline. Ber-EP4 is a useful diagnostic marker for BSCC, positive in 82% (37/45) of the cases and in 68% (23/34) of SCC. An alternative is the combination of cytokeratins CK14 and CK7, known to be negative, and CK1, known to be positive, which achieves an accuracy of 73% (33/45) in BSCC and 88% (30/34) in SCC. The two diagnostic approaches were in agreement in 66% of the cases; both methods were equally accurate in the divergent cases. Increased expression of the proliferation markers supports the concept that BSCC is a rapidly growing tumor. Results of p16 stains support an etiological link between BSCC and HPV; interestingly, HPV was present significantly more in BSCC (71% (32/45)), than in SCC (59% (20/34)) in this study (P=0.02).

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Immunoexpression of p53, Ki-67 and E-cadherin in basaloid squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx

Abstract: BSCCL is an aggressive variant of the squamous cell carcinoma and has a high expression of p53 and Ki-67 with a low expression of Ecadherin. These results could be related to the aggressiveness of the disease and its poor prognosis.

Cited by 22 publications

References 24 publications

Basaloid Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Head and Neck

Basaloid Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Head and Neck

Outcomes after radiotherapy for basaloid squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck

Ber-EP4, CK1, CK7 and CK14 are Useful Markers for Basaloid Squamous Carcinoma: A Study of 45 Cases

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