Immunocytology of Luteinizing Hormone-Releasing Hormone

Sternberger, Ludwig A.; Hoffman, Gloria E.

doi:10.1159/000122734

Cited by 54 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…A similar close relationship has been reported previously for LHRH fibres with the ependyma of the third and lateral ventricles [4,9,17,49,52]. Based on such subependymal location of LHRH fibres around the ventricles, several authors have argued that LHRH may be released into the ventricular system, whereafter it might be transported, pro bably via the specialized ependymal tanycytes in the median eminence, to the portal circulation, and in this manner induce an increase in serum LH levels [19].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

“…Because the LHRH varicosities were not observed to make any synaptic contact with dendrites of MCG cells, it seems veiy likely that LHRH influences MCG neurons in a nonsynaptic way. No apparent differences were found between male and female rats.The distribution of cell bodies and fibres within the central nervous system (CNS) that are immunoreaetive to the decapeptide luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) has been described for many mammalian species (rat [4,18,22, 38, 39,49,52] fig. 1).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Characterization of Luteinizing Hormone-Releasing Hormone Fibres in the Mesencephalic Central Grey Substance of the Rat

Buma

1989

Neuroendocrinology

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With the peroxidase-antiperoxidase (PAP) preembedding immunocytochemical method the luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) containing fibres in the mesencephalic central grey substance (MCG) of male and female rats were studied light and electron microscopically. Thin unmyelinated LHRH immunoreactive fibres were found in the MCG up to the pontomesencephalic junction in a ventral sub- and intraependymal position. Especially in the middle part of the MCG, LHRH reactive fibres were found in two or three rostrocaudally orientated ventromedial thickenings of the ependymal lining. Ultrastructurally, LHRH varicosities contained immunopositive secretory granules with a diameter of approximately 110 nm. Because the LHRH varicosities were not observed to make any synaptic contact with dendrites of MCG cells, it seems very likely that LHRH influences MCG neurons in a nonsynaptic way. No apparent differences were found between male and female rats.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of Luteinizing Hormone-Releasing Hormone Fibres in the Mesencephalic Central Grey Substance of the Rat

Buma

1989

Neuroendocrinology

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“…The POSC apparently includes a LHRH pathway (29,30). The corticomedial complex in the amygdala has been implicated as a key structure in the facilitation of gonadotropin secretion, and the involvement of this structure in the stimulatory feedback action of estrogen on ovulatory LH secretion has been suggested (31)(32)(33).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Involvement of Ovarian Innervation in Steroid Secretion*

et al. 1981

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The effects of electrical stimulation of the brain on the ovarian venous plasma concentrations of estradiol (E2) and progesterone (P) were investigated in female rats hypophysectomized and adrenalectomized at 1000 h on the day of proestrus. Stimulation was applied during the proestrous critical period under pentobarbital anesthesia, and contralateral ovarian venous blood was collected from 105-120 min after the stimulation. E2 and P concentrations, estimated by RIA, were significantly increased by stimulation of the medial basal prechiasmatic area (PVA), ventromedial hypothalamus, and areas in the mesencephalon and decreased by stimulation of the dorsal hippocampus, lateral amygdala, and mesencephalic areas. Ovarian blood flow was not affected by these stimulations. Ovarian nervotomy in the proestrous rats abolished E2 secretion induced by PVA stimulation. In intact proestrous rats, electrochemical stimulation of the PVA but not the preoptic suprachiasmatic area increased E2 and P concentrations, although stimulation of both areas commonly potentiated gonadotropin secretion. Present findings suggest that the efferent neural system from the brain to the ovaries is supplementary to the brain-pituitaryovarian hormonal mechanisms in the regulation of ovarian steroid secretion, and the system may be required for the adjustment of ovarian responsiveness and sensitivity to gonadotropins. In addition, evidence for neural feedback on basal FSH secretion in the ovarian-denervated proestrous rats is presented in this study. {Endocrinology 109: 136, 1981) I T HAS been demonstrated in rats that the cyclic alteration of ovarian steroid biosynthesis (1) and secretion (2, 3) are temporally related to the cyclic changes of gonadotropin secretion throughout the estrous cycle. The administration of gonadotropins to cyclic rats increased or decreased ovarian biosynthetic activity (1), and the effects were altered qualitatively and quantitatively during the estrous cycle (1, 4). However, it is still obscure whether the cyclic changes in ovarian steroid synthesis and release depend only upon gonadotropin secretion. Stimulation of the dorsal hippocampus (d-HPC) during the estrous cycle changed steroid biosynthetic activity without affecting gonadotropin secretion (4) or pituitary stalk blood LHRH concentration (5). More recently, d-HPC stimulation was shown to induce alterations in ovarian estrogen and progestin biosyntheses in pituitary-lesioned rabbits pretreated with 20a-hydroxyprogesterone (6). The above findings indicate the existence of other mechanisms besides the gonadotropin regulation of ovarian steroid synthesis and release.Recently, adrenergic and cholinergic projections to the

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“…On the other hand. GnRF has been reported to be contained in the neuronal pcrikarya of the ARC including mice [Zimmerman et al, 1974;Sternberger and Hoffman, 1978], On the size of the granules loading GnRF. in particular in the neuronal perikarya.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The neurons containing dense core vesicles in the mouse hypothalamic arcuate nucleus: distribution and influence of ovarian activity

Nishizuka¹,

Kawashima²

1979

Cells Tissues Organs

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The hypothalamic arcuate nucleus (ARC) was electron microscopically studied in diestrous (D) and estrous (E) mice, and mice ovariectomized (OX) 3 weeks before. In the middle region of the ARC (mARC), the number of dense core vesicles (DCVs) appearing in a section of each neuronal perikaryon was examined, and the location of the neurons containing DCVs was mapped. About 10% of the neurons in the mARC contained many (5 or more) DVCs in the perikarya in a section. These neurons mainly localized in the ventromedial portion of the mARC, which shows that the cytoarchitecture of the mouse ARC is heterogeneous. The localization and the frequency of these neurons were not influenced by the variance of ovarian activity. A DCV was composed of an electron-dense core and a membrane halo, and was likely to be formed in the cisternae of the Golgi apparatus. The size of DCVs was estimated at 100 nm as the median diameter and was stable independent of the ovarian activity. However, the formation of DCVs was likely influenced by the ovarian activity, because DCVs in D mice were more intimately associated with the Golgi apparatus than in E or OX mice. In the neuronal perikarya of the ventromedial portion of the mARC, Nissl bodies developed in OX mice, and nucleolus-like bodies developed in E mice. These results suggest that the neurons of the ventromedial portion of the mARC change their function according to the variance of ovarian activity and, therefore, are involved in the estrogen feedback mechanism.

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Immunocytology of Luteinizing Hormone-Releasing Hormone

Cited by 54 publications

References 30 publications

Characterization of Luteinizing Hormone-Releasing Hormone Fibres in the Mesencephalic Central Grey Substance of the Rat

Characterization of Luteinizing Hormone-Releasing Hormone Fibres in the Mesencephalic Central Grey Substance of the Rat

Involvement of Ovarian Innervation in Steroid Secretion*

The neurons containing dense core vesicles in the mouse hypothalamic arcuate nucleus: distribution and influence of ovarian activity

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