Immunocytochemical localization of myrosinase in Brassica napus L.

Thangstad, Ole Petter; Iversen, Tor‐Henning; Slupphaug, Geir; Bones, Atle M.

doi:10.1007/bf00194003

Cited by 76 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…The myrosin cells can be easily distinguished from their neighbouring cells by light, electron and confocal microscopic observations (Bones and Iversen, 1985;Thangstad et al, 1990Thangstad et al, , 1991Bones et al, 1991;Thangstad et al, 2004;Kissen et al, 2009). The myrosin cells contain less lipids, a high content of endoplasmic reticulum and harbour smooth-looking protein bodies referred to as myrosin grains (Bones and Iversen, 1985;Thangstad et al, 1991).…”

Section: The Glucosinolate-myrosinase Defence Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Myrosin cells exist as scattered cells in stems, leaves, seeds, seedlings, petioles and roots. Brassica plants contain the enzyme myrosinase (β-thioglucoside glucohydrolase, thioglucosidase, EC 3.2.3.147 (formerly EC 3.2.3.1) (Bones and Slupphaug, 1989;Bones, 1990;Bones andRossiter, 1996, 2006), which is thought to be exclusively present in myrosin cells (Thangstad et al, 1990Bones et al, 1991;Höglund et al, 1991;Husebye et al, 2002;Thangstad et al, 2004;Kissen et al, 2009). In brassicas, myrosinases can be divided into three different gene families; the MA, MB and MC families (Xue et al, 1992;Chadchawan et al, 1993;Lenman et al, 1993;Thangstad et al, 1993;Falk et al, 1995).…”

Section: The Glucosinolate-myrosinase Defence Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Defence mechanisms of Brassicaceae: implications for plant-insect interactions and potential for integrated pest management. A review

Ahuja

Rohloff

Bones

2010

Agron. Sustain. Dev.

212

165

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-Brassica crops are grown worldwide for oil, food and feed purposes, and constitute a significant economic value due to their nutritional, medicinal, bioindustrial, biocontrol and crop rotation properties. Insect pests cause enormous yield and economic losses in Brassica crop production every year, and are a threat to global agriculture. In order to overcome these insect pests, Brassica species themselves use multiple defence mechanisms, which can be constitutive, inducible, induced, direct or indirect depending upon the insect or the degree of insect attack. Firstly, we give an overview of different Brassica species with the main focus on cultivated brassicas. Secondly, we describe insect pests that attack brassicas. Thirdly, we address multiple defence mechanisms, with the main focus on phytoalexins, sulphur, glucosinolates, the glucosinolate-myrosinase system and their breakdown products. In order to develop pest control strategies, it is important to study the chemical ecology, and insect behaviour. We review studies on oviposition regulation, multitrophic interactions involving feeding and host selection behaviour of parasitoids and predators of herbivores on brassicas. Regarding oviposition and trophic interactions, we outline insect oviposition behaviour, the importance of chemical stimulation, oviposition-deterring pheromones, glucosinolates, isothiocyanates, nitriles, and phytoalexins and their importance towards pest management. Finally, we review brassicas as cover and trap crops, and as biocontrol, biofumigant and biocidal agents against insects and pathogens. Again, we emphasise glucosinolates, their breakdown products, and plant volatile compounds as key components in these processes, which have been considered beneficial in the past and hold great prospects for the future with respect to an integrated pest management.Brassicas / insect pests / chemical ecology / trophic levels / glucosinolates / isothiocyanates / defence mechanisms / biocontrol / trap crops / integrated pest management

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Section: The Glucosinolate-myrosinase Defence Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Glucosinolate-myrosinase Defence Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Defence mechanisms of Brassicaceae: implications for plant-insect interactions and potential for integrated pest management. A review

Ahuja

Rohloff

Bones

2010

Agron. Sustain. Dev.

212

165

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“…Several attempts have been made to correlate the presence of dilated cisternae with myrosinase (Iversen, 1970a). However, no direct evidence for such a correlation has been presented (Thangstad et al, 1990(Thangstad et al, , 1991. It is unknown whether Pyk10 has myrosinase activity or not.…”

Section: Table I Induction Of Er Bodies In Meja-and Ethylene-relatedmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Endoplasmic Reticulum-Derived Structure That Is Induced under Stress Conditions in Arabidopsis

et al. 2002

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The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) body is a characteristic structure derived from ER and is referred to as a proteinase-sorting system that assists the plant cell under various stress conditions. Fluorescent ER bodies were observed in transgenic plants of Arabidopsis expressing green fluorescent protein fused with an ER retention signal. ER bodies were widely distributed in the epidermal cells of whole seedlings. In contrast, rosette leaves had no ER bodies. We found that wound stress induced the formation of many ER bodies in rosette leaves. ER bodies were also induced by treatment with methyl jasmonate (MeJA), a plant hormone involved in the defense against wounding and chewing by insects. The induction of ER bodies was suppressed by ethylene. An electron microscopic analysis showed that typical ER bodies were induced in the non-transgenic rosette leaves treated with MeJA. An experiment using coi1 and etr1-4 mutant plants showed that the induction of ER bodies was strictly coupled with the signal transduction of MeJA and ethylene. These results suggested that the formation of ER bodies is a novel and unique type of endomembrane system in the response of plant cells to environmental stresses. It is possible that the biological function of ER bodies is related to defense systems in higher plants.

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“…Myrosinases can be found in seeds, seedlings, and mature tissues, although the amount of activity and the type of isoenzymes expressed differ with respect to both the type of organ and the developmental stage (Bones, 1990;Hoglund et al, 1991;James and Rossiter, 1991;Lenman et al, 1993). Within tissues, the myrosinases can be located in a few scattered, special cells, myrosin cells (Thangstad et al, 1990;Hoglund et al, 1991), and within these cells the enzyme is stored inside myrosin grains (Thangstad et al, 1991;Hoglund et al, 1992).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Within tissues, the myrosinases can be located in a few scattered, special cells, myrosin cells (Thangstad et al, 1990;Hoglund et al, 1991), and within these cells the enzyme is stored inside myrosin grains (Thangstad et al, 1991;Hoglund et al, 1992). In mature Brassica napus seeds, at least three different myrosinase isoenzymes exist (Lenman et al, 1993;Falk et al, 1995a), a 75-kD protein that occurs as a free dimer and two different myrosinases of 65 and 70 kD that are associated with other, nonmyrosinase proteins in large complexes of 200 to 800 kD (Lenman et al, 1990).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

A Wound- and Methyl Jasmonate-Inducible Transcript Coding for a Myrosinase-Associated Protein with Similarities to an Early Nodulin

Taipalensuu¹,

Falk²,

Rask³

1996

Plant Physiol.

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Myrosinase is regarded as a defense-related enzyme in the Brassicaceae and is capable of hydrolyzing glucosinolates into various compounds, some of which are toxic. Severa1 myrosinase isoenzymes exist, and some of them have been found in association with nonmyrosinase proteins. One of these associated proteins, myrosinase-associated protein (MyAP), was purified from seeds of Brassica The myrosinase-glucosinolate system is a preformed, two-component system that is activated upon tissue damage, whereby enzymatic decomposition of glucosinolates by the myrosinase enzyme takes place. Glucosinolates and their hydrolysis products are claimed to function as a defense against generalized herbivores and are implicated as a factor in host-plant recognition by specialized consumers (Chew, 1988;Louda and Mole, 1991). Myrosinase (thioglucoside glucohydrolase, EC 3.2.3.1) consists of a group of isoenzymes capable of hydrolyzing the thioglucoside bond in glucosinolates. The resulting aglycones rearrange spontaneously and yield, in addition to sulfate, compounds such as isothiocyanates, organic thiocyanates, epithionitriles, and nitriles. Within individual plants of a species, several different types of glucosinolates exist. The exact outcome of the reaction depends on a number of factors '

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Immunocytochemical localization of myrosinase in Brassica napus L.

Cited by 76 publications

References 8 publications

Defence mechanisms of Brassicaceae: implications for plant-insect interactions and potential for integrated pest management. A review

Defence mechanisms of Brassicaceae: implications for plant-insect interactions and potential for integrated pest management. A review

An Endoplasmic Reticulum-Derived Structure That Is Induced under Stress Conditions in Arabidopsis

A Wound- and Methyl Jasmonate-Inducible Transcript Coding for a Myrosinase-Associated Protein with Similarities to an Early Nodulin

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