Immunocytochemical Identification of Serotonin-synthesizing Neurons in the Vertebrate Retina: A Comparative Study

Wilhelm, Márta; Zhu, Bao‐Song; Gábriel, Róbert; Straznicky, Charles

doi:10.1006/exer.1993.1030

Cited by 31 publications

(20 citation statements)

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“…The serotonergic cells are distinct from the cholinergic amacrine neurons as was recently demonstrated in the lungfish retina . The presence of serotonin amacrine cells in the retina is a feature shared by all vertebrate groups studied [Wilhelm et al, 1993;Lillesaar, 2011;. No immunoreactive bipolar, amacrine displaced, or ganglion cells could be identified in the present study.…”

Section: Retinamentioning

confidence: 47%

“…In addition, a few 5-HT-ir displaced amacrine cells have been described in the ganglion cell layer of lungfishes , but all of these features seems to be peculiar and specific to these vertebrate groups. The intrinsic capacity of serotonin synthesis in the amacrine (and bipolar) cells is an interesting subject of investigation because it has been described that they lack the enzymes necessary for synthesis and, thus, they have been proposed to only accumulate serotonin from an extrinsic source [Osborne and Barnett, 1990;Wilhelm et al, 1993;Schütte, 1994]. However, more recent data in lamprey and zebrafish have demonstrated the presence of tryptophan hydroxylase (an enzyme of 5-HT synthesis) in the retina [Bellipanni et al, 2002;Cornide-Petronio et al, 2013].…”

Section: Retinamentioning

confidence: 99%

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Organization of the Serotonergic System in the Central Nervous System of Two Basal Actinopterygian Fishes: the Cladistians Polypterus senegalus and Erpetoichthys calabaricus

López¹,

González²

2014

Brain Behav Evol

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Cladistians (Polypteriformes) are currently considered basal to other living ray-finned fishes (actinopterygians), and their brain organization is therefore critical to providing information about the primitive neural characters that existed in the earliest ray-finned fishes. The organization of the serotonergic system in the brain has been carefully analyzed in most vertebrate groups, and in the present study we provide the first detailed information on the distribution of serotonergic cell bodies and fibers in the central nervous system of representative species of the two extant genera of cladistians, i.e. Polypterus senegalus and Erpetoichthys calabaricus, by means of immunohistochemistry against serotonin (5-HT). Distinct groups of immunoreactive cells were detected in the preoptic area, the hypothalamic paraventricular organ, the pineal organ, the pretectal region, the long column of the raphe in the rhombencephalic midline, the spinal cord, and amacrine cells in the inner nuclear layer of the retina. Fiber labeling was widely distributed in all main brain subdivisions but was more abundant in distinct pallial and subpallial areas, the preoptic area, the thalamus, the optic tectum, the tori semicircularis and lateralis, the rhombencephalic reticular formation, the nucleus of the solitary tract, and the dorsal aspect of the spinal cord. Our analysis makes it possible to establish which serotonergic structures characterized the earliest ray-finned fishes, and a comparison of these results with those from other classes of vertebrates, including a segmental analysis to correlate cell populations, reveals that most characteristics, such as the presence of serotonergic cells in the preoptic area and the basal hypothalamus, are preserved in all anamniotes. However, this system seems to be reduced in amniotes, mainly mammals, although important features are shared, such as the presence of serotonergic cells in the pineal organ, the retina, and the raphe nuclei.

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Section: Retinamentioning

confidence: 47%

Section: Retinamentioning

confidence: 99%

Organization of the Serotonergic System in the Central Nervous System of Two Basal Actinopterygian Fishes: the Cladistians Polypterus senegalus and Erpetoichthys calabaricus

López¹,

González²

2014

Brain Behav Evol

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“…Another possibility to mark serotonin is to use antibodies directed to the enzymes, responsible for its synthesis: at first place this is tryptophan hydroxylase (TrypH), which is known to be the key enzyme in serotonin and melatonin formation. At present, the prevailing view is that TrypH is present only in a subgroup of amacrine cells (called "serotonin-synthesizing" neurons), while the "serotoninergic" bipolar cells do not contain TrypH and therefore do not synthesize serotonin, being able only to transport and destroy it ("serotonin accumulating" neurons) [18,24,46,47]. We did not find detailed information about the exact experimental procedures and the respective antibodies used in the above cited literature.…”

Section: Serotoninergic Neuronsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Most often, antibodies directed to serotonin (anti 5-HT antibodies) are used, and by means of this technique the retinal serotonin is proved to be expressed predominantly in the amacrine and bipolar cells [13,14,46,47]. To a lesser extent, serotonin is found in some ganglion cells as well [48].…”

Section: Serotoninergic Neuronsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tryptophan Hydroxylase and Serotonin Receptors 5-HT1A, 5-HT2A, 5-HT3A, 5-HT4, 5-HT5A, 5-HT6 and 5-HT7 in Frog and Turtle Retina: an Immunofluorescence Study

Liliya¹,

Desislava²,

Kupenova³

2017

JAMB

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Abstract. Serotonin (5-HT) is one of the major monoamines in the brain. It is also found in the retina, a part of the brain, where a subgroup of amacrine cells are considered to be the sole retinal source of 5-HT. The data, obtained so far, about the serotonin receptors' function are contradictory. Therefore, our aim was to study the distribution of the 5-HT synthesizing neurons and the serotonin receptors from 5-HT1A to 5-HT7 in frog and turtle retinas, using the indirect immunofluorescent method. We found strong Tryptophan hydroxylase immunoreactivity in many amacrine and bipolar cells. Some horizontal, ganglion and glial cells were also stained, as well as a bundle of parallel axons in the proximal retina. All 5-HT receptors were also very well expressed. Our data show that the serotonin retinal sources are more numerous than was previously thought. The great variety of receptors expressed implies that serotonin may fulfill different functions, serving both as neuro-and glio-transmitter/modulator.

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“…It is released by serotoninergic amacrine cells obtained in the retinas of many species (Ehinger 1983, Zhu et al 1992, Hurd and Eldred 1993, Gábriel 2000, Vigh et al 2000. Some serotonin-accumulating neurons are found among horizontal and bipolar cells, but it is thought that they are only able to transport and metabolize, but not synthesize serotonin (Marc et al 1988, Zhu et al 1992, Wilhelm et al 1993, Schutte 1994, Ghai et al 2009). Serotonin is also released by retinopetal axons that originate in dorsal raphe in fishes, rodents and primates (Villar et al 1987, Shen and Semba 1994, Lima and Urbina 1998, Gastinger et al 2005.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interaction between the serotoninergic and GABAergic systems in frog retina as revealed by electroretinogram

Popova¹,

Kupenova²

2017

Acta Neurobiologiae Experimentalis

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Functional interactions between serotoninergic and GABAergic systems in the vertebrate retina are largely unknown. In this study, the effects of isolated or combined stimulation of the serotonin receptors (with 100 µM serotonin) and ionotropic GABAA and GABAC receptors (with 5 mM TACA) on the electroretinographic (ERG) ON (b-wave) and OFF (d-wave) responses were investigated in frog eyecup preparations. It was found that serotonin alone produced a significant enhancement of the b-and d-wave amplitude, while TACA alone caused its marked diminution. The relative amplitude diminution, caused by the TACA treatment, was significantly smaller when TACA was applied on the background of the fully developed serotonin effect.This result suggests that the retinal serotoninergic system could diminish the effects of ionotropic GABA receptor activation on the ERG wave generator mechanisms. In order to separately evaluate the effects of the GABAC receptor activation, in a subset of experiments the effects of TACA or TACA + serotonin were tested during GABAA receptor blockade with 100 µM bicuculline. Serotonin may decrease the effects of GABAA receptor activation in the ON pathway, while it may decrease the effects of both GABAA and GABAC receptor activation in the OFF pathway.

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Immunocytochemical Identification of Serotonin-synthesizing Neurons in the Vertebrate Retina: A Comparative Study

Cited by 31 publications

References 0 publications

Organization of the Serotonergic System in the Central Nervous System of Two Basal Actinopterygian Fishes: the Cladistians <b><i>Polypterus senegalus</i></b> and <b><i>Erpetoichthys calabaricus</i></b>

Organization of the Serotonergic System in the Central Nervous System of Two Basal Actinopterygian Fishes: the Cladistians <b><i>Polypterus senegalus</i></b> and <b><i>Erpetoichthys calabaricus</i></b>

Tryptophan Hydroxylase and Serotonin Receptors 5-HT1A, 5-HT2A, 5-HT3A, 5-HT4, 5-HT5A, 5-HT6 and 5-HT7 in Frog and Turtle Retina: an Immunofluorescence Study

Interaction between the serotoninergic and GABAergic systems in frog retina as revealed by electroretinogram

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