Immunochemical localization of calretinin in the retina of the turbot (Psetta maxima) during development

Abstract

The expression of the calcium‐binding protein calretinin was analysed by immunohistochemistry techniques in the retina of turbot (Psetta maxima) from embryonic to juvenile stages. Calretinin immunoreactivity was first detected in retinae from newly hatched larvae, in which the anlage of the inner plexiform layer and a subset of amacrine and ganglion cells displayed a faint immunolabelling. First appearance of photoreceptors during larval life coincided with an increase in the intensity of the labelling. During subsequent larval development, the expression of calretinin affected distinctive retinal components. The inner plexiform layer, optic fiber layer, and a population of amacrine and ganglion cells were invariably labelled. Occasional bipolar cells were labelled at the end of the larval period. By metamorphosis, calretinin is sequentially expressed in horizontal cells, and bipolar immunoreactive cells become numerous. The pattern of calretinin immunoreactivity of the inner plexiform layer changes from the larval to juvenile period. In all cases, calretinin immunoreactivity exhibited variations between the peripheral retina, which contains the most recently differentiated retinal components, and the remainder of the differentiated retina. Our results suggest that the progressive expression of calretinin in the turbot retina appears associated with some degree of neuronal differentiation. Once the definitive pattern of calretinin immunoreactivity is established in the turbot retina, both similarities and differences with the calretinin location in the retina of other vertebrates can be demonstrated. J. Comp. Neurol. 406:425–432, 1999. © 1999 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.

Characterisation of neuronal and glial populations of the visual system during zebrafish lifespan

“…During vertebrate development, CR is expressed in different cellular types and neuropile and the onset of the immunoreactivity for CR coincides with the differentiation of the retinal histological layers (Doldan et al, 1999; present results).…”

“…The distribution pattern of the immunoreactivity for CR in the retina has been previously analysed in three groups of teleostean fish with different habitats: cyprinidae (tench Tinca tinca : Weruaga et al, 2000; zebrafish: García‐Crespo and Vecino, 2004; Castro et al, 2006), scophthalmidae (turbot Psseta maxima : Doldan et al, 1999), salmonidae (rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss : Weruaga et al, 2000) and petromyzontidae (lamprey: Villar‐Cheda et al, 2006). The CR expression pattern is similar among the teleostean species studied since it localises in neurons of the GCL and INL, where ganglion and amacrine cells are immunolabelled for CR.…”

Calbindin and calretinin immunoreactivities in the retina of a chondrostean, Acipenser baeri

“…In the retina, CB and CR immunohistochemistry has been used for the characterization of various neuronal populations. In fishes, the presence of CB and/or CR immunoreactivity in retinal cells has been studied in a jawless fish (Dalil-Thiney et al 1994) and a few teleosts (modern bony fishes; Hamano et al 1990;Pochet et al 1991;Vecino et al 1993;Doldán et al 1999). To our knowledge, no data are available concerning the presence and distribution of these calcium-binding proteins in the nervous system of sturgeons, which are representatives of the most ancient living bony fishes, the chondrosteans.…”

“…Lampreys also have a few CR-ir cells in the inner INL, but whether they are ganglion or amacrine cells has not been determined (Dalil-Thiney et al 1994). CR-ir populations of bipolar cells, horizontal cells, interplexiform cells, amacrine cells, and ganglion cells are present in teleost retinas (Doldán et al 1999;Weruaga et al 2000). The CR-ir bipolar cells observed in teleosts do not appear to correspond to the CR+/CB+ diffuse displaced Ma bipolar cells of sturgeon, since they seem to project to a conspicuous CR substratum in the middle of the IPL.…”

Light-induced degeneration and microglial response in the retina of an epibenthonic pigmented teleost: age-dependent photoreceptor susceptibility to cell death

“…However, there are differences between fish larval, juvenile and adult retinal morphology and cell composition (Kvenseth et al, 1996;Doldán et al, 1999;Helvik et al, 2001a;Helvik et al, 2001b;Evans and Browman, 2004;Bejarano-Escobar et al, 2009;Bejarano-Escobar et al, 2010;Bejarano-Escobar et al, 2012). Thus, most marine fish larvae have only pure-cone retina at their early developmental stages but later rods appear and the single-cone retina gradually transforms into a duplex retina (Blaxter, 1986;Kvenseth et al, 1996;Helvik et al, 2001a;Helvik et al, 2001b).…”