Immunochemical Investigation of Thylakoid Coupling Factor Protein during Photosynthetic Acclimation to Irradiance

Davies, Elizabeth C.; Jordan, Bill; Partis, Michael D.; Chow, Wah Soon

doi:10.1093/jxb/38.9.1517

Cited by 17 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…The steady state levels of specific thylakoid membrane-proteins are known to change in response to irradiance manipulations under growth chamber conditions. Experiments with barley ( 14), lettuce ( 13), mustard (33), pea (9,16,24), soybean (Table I), spinach (10), and tomato ( 12) have shown that levels of CF and Cyt fare dependent on growth irradiance. In results reported here, both coupling factor and Cyt f levels were affected by canopy shading under field conditions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Response of Soybean Photosynthesis and Chloroplast Membrane Function to Canopy Development and Mutual Shading

Burkey

Wells²

1991

Plant Physiol.

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The effect of natural shading on photosynthetic capacity and chloroplast thylakoid membrane function was examined in soybean (Glycine max. cv Young) under field conditions using a randomized complete block design. Seedlings were thinned to 15 plants per square meter at 20 days after planting. Leaves destined to function in the shaded regions of the canopy were tagged during early expansion at 40 days after planting. To investigate the response of shaded leaves to an increase in available light, plants were removed from certain plots at 29 or 37 days after tagging to reduce the population from 15 to three plants per square meter and alter the irradiance and spectral quality of light. During the transition from a sun to a shade environment, maximum photosynthesis and chloroplast electron transport of control leaves decreased by two-to threefold over a period of 40 days followed by rapid senescence and abscission. Senescence and abscission of tagged leaves were delayed by more than 4 weeks in plots where plant populations were reduced to three plants per square meter. Maximum photosynthesis and chloroplast electron transport activity were stabilized or elevated in response to increased light when plant populations were reduced from 15 to three plants per square meter. Several chloroplast thylakoid membrane components were affected by light environment. Cytochrome f and coupling factor protein decreased by 40% and 80%, respectively, as control leaves became shaded and then increased when shaded leaves acclimated to high light. The concentrations of photosystem I (PSI) and photosystem 11 (PSII) reaction centers were not affected by light environment or leaf age in field grown plants, resulting in a constant PSII/PSI ratio of 1.6 ± 0.3. Analysis of the chlorophyll-protein composition revealed a shift in chlorophyll from PSI to PSII as leaves became shaded and a reversal of this process when shaded leaves were provided with increased light. These results were in contrast to those of soybeans grown in a growth chamber where the PSII/ PSI ratio as well as cytochrome f and coupling factor protein levels were dependent on growth irradiance. To summarize, light environment regulated both the photosynthetic characteristics and the timing of senescence in soybean leaves grown under field conditions. ' Mention of a trademark or proprietary product does not constitute a guarantee or warranty of the product by the United States Department of Agriculture or the North Carolina Agricultural Research Service and does not imply its approval to the exclusion of other products that may also be suitable.Both light quantity and light quality regulate the photosynthetic properties of higher plants by controlling the activity and the composition of the photosynthetic apparatus (2, 5, 29). Thus, light environment plays a critical role during leaf expansion in determining the photosynthetic properties of the mature leaf. More recently, controlled environment studies with a number of species have shown that fully expanded leaves reta...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Response of Soybean Photosynthesis and Chloroplast Membrane Function to Canopy Development and Mutual Shading

Burkey

Wells²

1991

Plant Physiol.

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“…Antibody reactions were visualized by incubation with a peroxidase-conjugated rabbit antimouse immunoglobulin and development with saturated 4-chloro-I -naphthol solution. Antibodies to a range ofthylakoid proteins were obtained from the following sources: (30); and the aand (-subunits of the coupling factor (58 and 57 kD) from B. Jordan (7). The immunoblots presented for all antigens were produced from gels containing levels of the antigens below those required to saturate the antibodies applied.…”

Section: Analyses Of Thylakoid Polypeptidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modifications to Thylakoid Composition during Development of Maize Leaves at Low Growth Temperatures

Nie¹,

Baker²

1991

Plant Physiol.

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The effects of reductions in growth temperature on the development of thylakoids of maize (Zea mays var LG11) leaves are examined. Thylakoids isolated from mesophyll cells of leaves grown at 170 and 140C, compared with 250C, exhibited a decreased accumulation of many polypeptides, which was accompanied by a loss of activity of photosystems (PS) I and I. Probing the polypeptide profiles with a range of antibodies specific for thylakoid proteins demonstrated that a number of polypeptides encoded by the chloroplast genome failed to accumulate at low temperatures. Although thylakoid protein synthesis was reduced severely at 140C compared with 250C, major synthesis of both chloroplast and nuclear encoded polypeptides was detected. It is suggested that the lack of accumulation of some thylakoid proteins at low temperatures may be due to an inability to stabilize the proteins in the membranes. A number of thylakoid polypeptides were found to appear as the growth temperature was decreased. Analyses of pigments and polypeptides demonstrated that decreases in the photosystem reaction center core complexes occur relative to the light harvesting complex associated with PS II at reduced growth temperatures. Differential effects on the development of PSI and PSII were also observed, with PSII activity being preferentially reduced. Reductions in PSII content and activity occurred in parallel with decreases in the quantum yield and light-saturated rate of CO2 assimilation. Fractionation of thylakoid pigment-protein complexes showed that the ratio of monomeric:oligomeric form of the light harvesting complex associated with PSII increased at low growth temperature, which is consistent with a chill-induced modification of thylakoid organization. Many, but not all, of the characteristic changes in thylakoid protein metabolism, which were observed when leaves were grown at low temperatures in controlled environments, were identified in leaves of a field maize crop during the early growing season when low temperatures were experienced by the crop. Chill-induced perturbations of thylakoid development can occur in the field in temperate regions and may have implications for the photosynthetic productivity of the crop.

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“…The irradiance and spectral quality of light surrounding an individual leaf controls the capacity of that leaf to conduct photosynthesis (Chow and Anderson 1987a, Chow et al 1990, Burkey and Wells 1991, chloroplast electron transport (Davies et al 1986, Chow and Anderson 1987a, Evans 1987, De la Torre and Burkey 1990b and photophosphorylation (Chow and Anderson 1987b, Davies et al 1987, Evans 1987. Light regulates photosynthetic activity by controlling the concentration of specific proteins and lipids in the chloroplast.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of growth irradiance on plastocyanin levels in barley

Burkey

1993

Photosynth Res

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Plastocyanin levels in barley (Hordeum vulgare cv Boone) were found to be dependent on growth irradiance. An immunochemical assay was developed and used to measure the plastocyanin content of isolated thylakoid membranes. Barley grown under 600 μmole photons m(-2)s(-1) contained two- to four-fold greater quantities of plastocyanin per unit chlorophyll compared with plants grown under 60 μmole photons m(-2)s(-1). The plastocyanin/Photosystem I ratio was found to be 2 to 3 under high irradiance compared with 0.5 to 1.5 under low irradiance. The reduced plastocyanin pool size in low light plants contributed to a two-fold reduction in photosynthetic electron transport activity. Plastocyanin levels increased upon transfer of low light plants to high irradiance conditions. In contrast, plastocyanin levels were not affected in plants transferred from high to low irradiance, suggesting that plastocyanin is not involved in the acclimation of photosynthesis to shade.

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Immunochemical Investigation of Thylakoid Coupling Factor Protein during Photosynthetic Acclimation to Irradiance

Cited by 17 publications

References 19 publications

Response of Soybean Photosynthesis and Chloroplast Membrane Function to Canopy Development and Mutual Shading

Response of Soybean Photosynthesis and Chloroplast Membrane Function to Canopy Development and Mutual Shading

Modifications to Thylakoid Composition during Development of Maize Leaves at Low Growth Temperatures

Effect of growth irradiance on plastocyanin levels in barley

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