Immunoblot Analysis of IgE and IgG Binding Antigens in Extracts of Mosquitos &lt;i&gt;Aedes vexans&lt;/i&gt;, &lt;i&gt;Culex tarsalis&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;Culiseta inornata&lt;/i&gt;

Peng, Zhikang; Li, Hongbing; Simons, F. Estelle R.

doi:10.1159/000237309

Cited by 18 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…13,14,30,31 The existence of species-specific allergens was indirectly confirmed in 3 individuals whose sera only reacted to mosquito saliva from one species. The existence of shared allergens in mosquito saliva was confirmed in the 8 individuals who had positive results to Anopheles sinensis, only 1 of whom had lived in the Orient, because Anopheles sinensis is found only in the Orient.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Immune responses to mosquito saliva in 14 individuals with acute systemic allergic reactions to mosquito bites

Peng

Beckett

Engler

et al. 2004

Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology

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117

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Immune responses to mosquito saliva in 14 individuals with acute systemic allergic reactions to mosquito bites

Peng

Beckett

Engler

et al. 2004

Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology

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117

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“…In the passive cutaneous anaphylaxis tests, lymphocyte proliferation assays, and antigen–induced cytokine production, a relatively large amount of antigen extract is required. Because collection of mosquito saliva is extremely time–consuming and labour–intensive, a mosquito head and thorax extract (4 mg/ml) was prepared as described previously [21] for use in these experiments.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Mouse Model of Mosquito Allergy for Study of Antigen–Specific IgE and IgG Subclass Responses, Lymphocyte Proliferation, and IL–4 and IFN–Á Production

Chen¹,

Simons²,

Peng³

1998

Int Arch Allergy Immunol

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To date, there are no ideal animal models for study of natural sensitization leading to IgE– and lymphocyte–mediated hypersensitivities. We established such a model in which four BALB/c mice were each sensitized by exposure to at least 16 mosquito Aedes aegypti bites, twice a week for 4 weeks. Four non–exposed control mice were also studied. Mosquito A. aegypti head and thorax extract, saliva, and two recombinant salivary allergens (rAed a 1 and rAed a 2) were used in vitro as antigens. Intradermal tests were performed. Serum mosquito antigen–specific IgG, IgG1, IgG2a, and total IgE were measured by ELISA; specific IgE was measured by passive cutaneous anaphylaxis (PCA). IgE responses to each antigen in the saliva were analyzed using Western blotting. Spleen lymphocyte proliferation assays were performed to determine the cell–mediated hypersensitivity response. Antigen–induced IL–4 and IFN–γ production in the spleen lymphocytes were evaluated using ELISA. After 4 weeks, all 4 mosquito–sensitized mice developed a positive immediate wheal 20 min after skin tests with mosquito antigens, and a positive delayed papule 24 h later, while control mice did not. Also, the sensitized mice had a positive PCA response, which correlated significantly with total IgE levels (r = 0.84, p<0.05), confirming the presence of antigen–specific IgE, while none of control mice had a positive response. Antigen–specific IgG1, but not IgG2a, was increased in the sensitized mice (p<0.01). Western blotting showed that 5 of the 8 antigens which elicited mouse IgE responses, including 2 major antigens, also elicited human IgE responses. The mean lymphocyte proliferation response to mosquito antigens also elicited human IgE responses. The mean lymphocyte proliferation response to mosquito antigens was significantly increased in the sensitized mice (p<0.05). IL–4 production was significantly increased and IFN–γ production was decreased, further suggesting that a Th2 immune response predominates despite the development of the delayed skin reaction. This new model of natural sensitization without using an adjuvant is potentially useful for the study of other allergic disorders as well as mosquito allergy.

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“…Peng et al (198) performed immunoblot analyses of protein in extracts prepared from the heads and thoraxes of Cx. tarsalis, Cs.…”

Section: Mosquitoesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Arthropod Allergens and Human Health

Arlian

2002

Annu. Rev. Entomol.

155

114

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Many species of arthropods are the sources of potent allergens that sensitize and induce IgE-mediated allergic reactions in humans. Most of these arthropod allergens are proteins, and the allergic response mechanism to these allergens is the same as it is for allergens from other sources such as plant pollens, molds, and foods. Aside from ingestion of crustaceans (shrimp, lobster), among arthropods, humans have the greatest contact with insects and mites, and as a result allergies to these two groups of arthropods have been the most frequently reported. Because of the large number of people affected by allergic reactions to stinging insects, cockroaches, and dust mites, many allergens of these organisms have been extensively studied, purified, and immunobiochemically characterized and for some recombinant allergens, produced. Cocktails of these recombinant allergens have the potential for use in diagnosis and immunotherapy. In this chapter, we review the insects and mites that induce allergic reactions. Where the information exists, the immunobiochemical characterization of the allergens and the frequency of sensitivity or clinical reactivity in the human population are also reviewed. As background, the beginning of this review includes sections that define allergens, explain the allergic reaction mechanism, and describe the methods for naming allergens.

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Immunoblot Analysis of IgE and IgG Binding Antigens in Extracts of Mosquitos <i>Aedes vexans</i>, <i>Culex tarsalis</i> and <i>Culiseta inornata</i>

Cited by 18 publications

References 15 publications

Immune responses to mosquito saliva in 14 individuals with acute systemic allergic reactions to mosquito bites

Immune responses to mosquito saliva in 14 individuals with acute systemic allergic reactions to mosquito bites

A Mouse Model of Mosquito Allergy for Study of Antigen–Specific IgE and IgG Subclass Responses, Lymphocyte Proliferation, and IL–4 and IFN–Á Production

Arthropod Allergens and Human Health

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